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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning vectors for Streptococcus thermophilus derived from a native plasmid (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 216 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A 3.5-kb native plasmid (pND103) was identified in Streptococcus thermophilus ST2-1. Preliminary sequence analysis indicated that pND103 belongs to group I S. thermophilus plasmids. A region of approximately 2 kb appears to contain three components: a plus origin of replication (ori) typical of plasmids that replicate via rolling circle replication; a gene encoding a replication protein (rep); and a gene encoding a small heat shock protein (hsp). pND103 was then used to construct S. thermophilus/Escherichia coli hybrid cloning vectors by ligating different portions of pND103 to an origin-probe vector (pND330) composed of pUC19 and a Gram-positive erythromycin resistance gene. The shuttle vectors (pND913, pND914 and pND915) were successfully introduced back into plasmid-free S. thermophilus ST3–1 as well as to Lactococcus lactis LM0230 and E. coli JM109. Segregational and structural stability study indicated that these vectors can be maintained in these hosts. The results indicated that pND913, pND914 and pND915 are potential shuttle cloning vectors for S. thermophilus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11412.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A distinct physiological state of Lactococcus lactis cells that confers survival against a direct and prolonged exposure to severe stresses (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 212 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When exponential phase cultures of Lactococcus lactis were directly exposed to severe stresses (acid, bile salt, heat, and hydrogen peroxide) for a prolonged period, most of the cells were quickly killed, however, a small number of the cells, approximately 0.01% of the population, was found to survive. How these ‘survivor’ cells might have survived the stresses, when other supposedly-the-same cells could not, was investigated. The cultures were not exposed to any mild stresses prior to the exposure to the severe stresses, and therefore adaptation can be ruled out as the cause of survival. When the survivor cells were re-cultured and re-exposed to the same severe stresses a similar pattern of survival was displayed, indicating that the survivor cells were not stress-resistant mutants. Furthermore, the survivor cells displayed typical growth kinetics once they were freed of the stresses. The survivor cells appear to be in a distinct physiological state, because when they were tested against a second stress they exhibited significantly greater survival against that stress than the normal cells exposed to the same stress. Also, cells at different time points of synchronously growing culture displayed different levels of survival against stress. It is proposed that the difference in survival of exponential phase cells is due to the difference in the protein makeup of cells at different stages of the cell cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11267.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of RecA in Escherichia coli K-12 using RecA–GFP (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 57 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: RecA is important in recombination, DNA repair and repair of replication forks. It functions through the production of a protein–DNA filament. To study the localization of RecA in live Escherichia coli cells, the RecA protein was fused to the green fluorescence protein (GFP). Strains with this gene have recombination/DNA repair activities three- to tenfold below wild type (or about 1000-fold above that of a recA null mutant). RecA–GFP cells have a background of green fluorescence punctuated with up to five foci per cell. Two types of foci have been defined: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-sensitive foci that are bound to DNA and DAPI-insensitive foci that are DNA-less aggregates/storage structures. In log phase cells, foci were not localized to any particular region. After UV irradiation, the number of foci increased and they localized to the cell centre. This suggested colocalization with the DNA replication factory. recA, recB and recF strains showed phenotypes and distributions of foci consistent with the predicted effects of these mutations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04755.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and quantification of Bifidobacterium lactis LAFTI?B94 in human faecal samples from a consumption trial (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 244 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A method was developed to allow detection of the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis LAFTI?B94 in human clinical samples. A new probe, Laf94p, was developed to accomplish colony hybridization of B. lactis B94. PCR detection of B94 was also achieved using the species-specific (B. lactis) primer pair. These tests and probes allowed detection and quantification of B94 in the human intestinal flora. The sensitivity of the probe was assessed by monitoring faecal levels of B94 in humans who were fed the culture. In this trial, five volunteers were fed with the probiotic. The presence of B94 was assessed daily. Viable B94 could be detected at high levels (as high as 1.8 × 109 cfu g−1 wet weight) during the feeding period. Four weeks after the feeding stopped, B94 could still be detected in one subject. These results indicate that B94 survives in the human gastrointestinal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.01.022
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homozygous deletion of the human insulin receptor gene results in leprechaunism (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 5 (1993), S. 71-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Homozygous inactivation of a gene, as is frequently performed to generate mouse models, provides an opportunity to elucidate the role that the gene plays in normal physiology. However, studies of human disease provide direct insight into the effect of inactivating mutations in man. In this ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0993-71
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo antitumor activity of cis-bis-neodecanoato-trans-R,R-1,2- diaminocyclohexane platinum(II) formulated in long-circulating liposomes (1996)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 37 (1996), S. 435-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words Drug delivery ; Lipophilic cisplatin ; Long-circulating liposomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A lipophilic cisplatin derivative, cis-bis-neodecanoato-trans-R,R-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum(II) (NDDP), was formulated in liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (Chol) additionally containing monosialoganglioside (GM1) or polyethyleneglycol conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-PE). These NDDP-containing long-circulating liposomes were examined for in vivo antitumor activity using the mouse RIF-1 solid tumor as a target residing outside the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Biodistribution studies, using C3H/HeJ mice and 111In-labelled DTPA-SA as a lipid marker, showed that the activity of GM1 and PEG-PE in prolonging the circulation times of liposomes was preserved in the presence of 3.0 mol% of NDDP in the liposome membranes. The high levels of liposomes remaining in the blood for PC/Chol/GM1 and PC/Chol/PEG3000-PE liposomes were associated with high levels of platinum in the blood as determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. These NDDP-containing long-circulating liposomes showed approximately a three-fold increase in tumor accumulation as compared to the conventional PC/Chol liposomes. In vitro cytotoxicity studies using RIF-1 tumor cells showed that the presence of PEG-PE, but not GM1, significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of liposomal NDDP. RIF-1 tumor-bearing C3H/HeJ mice were treated twice with 25 mg/kg NDDP in various liposomal formulations on days 12 and 16 after tumor cell inoculation. A significant reduction in the tumor growth rate was observed when NDDP was formulated in PC/Chol/PEG3000-PE liposomes which support both efficient tumor accumulation and enhanced cytotoxicity of liposomal NDDP. On the other hand, NDDP formulated in PC/Chol/GM1 liposomes, which display only a high tumor accumulation, had no effect on the tumor growth rate. Furthermore, NDDP formulated in dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) containing liposomes, exhibiting in vitro cytotoxicity comparable to NDDP formulated in PC/Chol/PEG3000PE liposomes, but showing poor tumor accumulation, was also not effective. These results indicate a potential effectiveness of NDDP formulated in PEG-PE-containing liposomes for therapy of tumors in non-RES organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002800050409
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brittle-ductile transition of polymer blends (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 2 (1995), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Brittle-ductile transition ; Damage competition criterion ; Polymer blend
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Based on the Ludwik-Davidenkov-Orowan theory, a new criterion of BDT for polymer blends is proposed. In this approach fracture stress (σb) and shear yielding stress (σy) governing the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of polymer blends is combined into a dimensionless group as Da = σb 2/σy 2. The theory dictates that BDT occurs at a critical condition Dac = 1, brittle fracture occurs when Da 〈 1, and ductile fracture occurs when Da 〉 1. It can be shown that Da = Fg · Lym/LD, where Lym measures the length of shear band of the matrix, LD is a parameter determined by the morphology and interfacial adhesion of dispersed phase, and Fg is related to specimen geometry and other extrinsic parameters. It is suggested that the onset of BDT depends on the competition between the Lym and LD. With due consideration to blend morphology, interfacial adhesion and matrix properties, existing experimental evidence supports the applicability of the proposed criterion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01492773
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal and spatial expression of leukemia inhibitory factor in rabbit uterus during early pregnancy (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 38 (1994), S. 148-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Leukemia inhibitory factor ; Rabbit ; Endometrium ; Blastocyst implantation ; Pregnancy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to play an important role in the implantation of mouse blastocysts. The present study was designed to document the appearance of LIF in the rabbit uterus during early pregnancy and to determine whether changes just prior to implantation, similar to those in mice, occurred. LIF was localized in endometrial epithelium, myometrium, and endometrial glands. A low level of LIF was detected in the uterus of nonestrous and estrous females. LIF expression reached its highest level on day 5 of pregnancy and declined on days 6 and 7. By day 13 of pregnancy, little endometrial LIF was apparent. The expression of LIF on day 5 of pseudopregnancy was similar to that on day 5 of pregnancy. LIF expression was much higher at implantation sites than that at nonimplantation areas on day 7 of pregnancy. It is concluded that LIF may be important for the implantation of rabbit blastocysts. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080380205
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF receptor, and gp130 in the mouse uterus during early pregnancy (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 42 (1995), S. 407-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: LIF ; LIF receptor ; gp 130 ; Mouse ; Implantation ; Pregnancy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to play an important role in the implantation of mouse blastocysts. The present study was designed to investigate the changes of LIF protein, LIF receptor, and gp 130 in the mouse uterus during the early pregnancy. LIF protein and LIF receptor were at high levels in the mouse uterus near the time of ovulation and on day 4 of pregnancy. gp 130 was highest on days 3 and 4 of pregnancy. Both LIF receptor and gp 130 showed strong staining in the stroma of the day 5 uterus, at a time when LIF protein was low. The presence of LIF receptor and gp 130 in the luminal epithelium on day 4 and in the stroma on day 5 may indicate the site of the high affinity LIF receptor. The coexistence of a high level of LIF protein, LIF receptor, and gp 130 in the day 4 uterus is consistent with the previously observed high level of uterine LIF mRNA on the same day and the importance of LIF for the blastocyst implantation in mouse. © 1995 wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080420406
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Additive Effects of Two Different Plasmid-Linked Restriction and Modification Systems in Lactococcus (1998)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 20 (1998), S. 515-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two plasmids, pND801 and pND802, encoding different restriction and modification systems were isolated from Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis LL42-1 and Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris LC14-1, respectively. pND802 contained one Sphl restriction enzyme site and the whole plasmid was cloned into the Sphl site of the streptococcal/ E. coli shuttle vector pSA3 generating the plasmid pND803. pND803 was stably maintained in L.lactis MG1363 harbouring pND801. The combination of the two R/M systems within L.lactis MG1363 resulted in an additive resistance towards both isometric phage and prolate phage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005404716216
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