Keywords:
Climatic changes.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
This Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report (IPCC-SREX) explores the challenge of understanding and managing the risks of climate extremes to advance climate change adaptation. An invaluable assessment for anyone interested in climate extremes, environmental disasters and adaptation to climate change, including policymakers, the private sector and academic researchers.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (594 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9781139420198
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=907179
DDC:
363.73874
Language:
English
Note:
Cover -- Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation: Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- I Foreword and Preface -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- II Summary for Policy makers -- SPM Summary for Policymakers -- Drafting Authors: -- This Summary for Policymakers should be cited as: -- A. Context -- B. Observations of Exposure, Vulnerability, Climate Extremes,Impacts, and Disaster Losses -- Exposure and Vulnerability -- Climate Extremes and Impacts -- Disaster Losses -- C. Disaster Risk Management and Adaptation to Climate Change: Past Experience with Climate Extremes -- D. Future Climate Extremes, Impacts, and Disaster Losses -- Climate Extremes and Impacts -- Human Impacts and Disaster Losses -- E. Managing Changing Risks of Climate Extremes and Disasters -- Implications for Sustainable Development -- III Chapters 1 to 9 -- Chapter 1: Climate Change: New Dimensions in Disaster Risk, Exposure, Vulnerability, and Resilience -- This chapter should be cited as: -- Table of Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.1.1. Purpose and Scope of the Special Report -- 1.1.2. Key Concepts and Definitions -- 1.1.2.1. Definitions Related to General Concepts -- 1.1.2.2. Concepts and Definitions Relating to Disaster Risk Management and Adaptation to Climate Change -- 1.1.2.3. The Social Construction of Disaster Risk -- 1.1.3. Framing the Relation between Adaptation to Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management -- 1.1.4. Framing the Processes of Disaster Risk Management and Adaptation to Climate Change -- 1.1.4.1. Exceptionality, Routine, and Everyday Life -- 1.1.4.2. Territorial Scale, Disaster Risk, and Adaptation -- 1.2. Extreme Events, Extreme Impacts, and Disasters.
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1.2.1. Distinguishing Extreme Events, Extreme Impacts, and Disasters -- 1.2.2. Extreme Events Defined in Physical Terms -- 1.2.2.1. Definitions of Extremes -- 1.2.2.2. Extremes in a Changing Climate -- 1.2.2.3. The Diversity and Range of Extremes -- 1.2.3. Extreme Impacts -- 1.2.3.1. Three Classes of Impacts -- 1.2.3.2. Complex Nature of an Extreme 'Event' -- 1.2.3.3. Metrics to Quantify Social Impacts and the Management of Extremes -- 1.2.3.4. Traditional Adjustment to Extremes -- 1.3. Disaster Management, Disaster Risk Reduction, and Risk Transfer -- 1.3.1. Climate Change Will Complicate Management of Some Disaster Risks -- 1.3.1.1. Challenge of Quantitative Estimates of Changing Risks -- 1.3.1.2. Processes that Influence Judgments about Changing Risks -- 1.3.2. Adaptation to Climate Change Contributes to Disaster Risk Management -- 1.3.3. Disaster Risk Management and Adaptation to Climate Change Share Many Concepts, Goals, and Processes -- 1.4. Coping and Adapting -- 1.4.1. Definitions, Distinctions, and Relationships -- 1.4.1.1. Definitions and Distinctions -- 1.4.1.2. Relationships between Coping, Coping Capacity, Adaptive Capacity, and the Coping Range -- 1.4.2. Learning -- 1.4.3. Learning to Overcome Adaptation Barriers -- 1.4.4. 'No Regrets,' Robust Adaptation, and Learning -- References -- Chapter 2: Determinants of Risk: Exposure and Vulnerability -- This chapter should be cited as: -- Table of Contents -- Executive Summary -- 2.1. Introduction and Scope -- 2.2. Defining Determinants of Risk: Hazard, Exposure, and Vulnerability -- 2.2.1. Disaster Risk and Disaster -- 2.2.2. The Factors of Risk -- 2.3. The Drivers of Vulnerability -- 2.4. Coping and Adaptive Capacities -- 2.4.1. Capacity and Vulnerability -- 2.4.2. Different Capacity Needs -- 2.4.2.1. Capacity to Anticipate Risk -- 2.4.2.2. Capacity to Respond.
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2.4.2.3. Capacity to Recover and Change -- 2.4.3. Factors of Capacity: Drivers and Barriers -- 2.5. Dimensions and Trends of Vulnerability and Exposure -- 2.5.1. Environmental Dimensions -- 2.5.1.1. Physical Dimensions -- 2.5.1.2. Geography, Location, Place -- 2.5.1.3. Settlement Patterns and Development Trajectories -- 2.5.1.3.1. The urban environment -- 2.5.1.3.2. The rural environment -- 2.5.2. Social Dimensions -- 2.5.2.1. Demography -- 2.5.2.1.1. Migration and displacement -- 2.5.2.1.2. Social groups -- 2.5.2.2. Education -- 2.5.2.3. Health and Well-Being -- 2.5.2.4. Cultural Dimensions -- 2.5.2.5. Institutional and Governance Dimensions -- 2.5.3. Economic Dimensions -- Work and Livelihoods -- 2.5.4. Interactions, Cross-Cutting Themes, and Integrations -- 2.5.4.1. Intersectionality and Other Dimensions -- 2.5.4.2. Timing, Spatial, and Functional Scales -- 2.5.4.2.1. Timing and timescales -- 2.5.4.2.2. Spatial and functional scales -- 2.5.4.3. Science and Technology -- 2.6. Risk Identification and Assessment -- 2.6.1. Risk Identification -- 2.6.2. Vulnerability and Risk Assessment -- 2.6.3. Risk Communication -- 2.7. Risk Accumulation and the Nature of Disasters -- References -- Chapter 3: Changes in Climate Extremes and their Impacts on the Natural Physical Environment -- This chapter should be cited as: -- Table of Contents -- Executive Summary -- 3.1. Weather and Climate Events Related to Disasters -- 3.1.1. Categories of Weather and Climate Events Discussed in this Chapter -- 3.1.2. Characteristics of Weather and Climate Events Relevant to Disasters -- 3.1.3. Compound (Multiple) Events -- 3.1.4. Feedbacks -- 3.1.5. Confidence and Likelihood of Assessed Changes in Extremes -- 3.1.6. Changes in Extremes and Their Relationship to Changes in Regional and Global Mean Climate -- 3.1.7. Surprises / Abrupt Climate Change.
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3.2. Requirements and Methods for Analyzing Changes in Extremes -- 3.2.1. Observed Changes -- 3.2.2. The Causes behind the Changes -- 3.2.2.1. Human-Induced Changes in the Mean Climate that Affect Extremes -- 3.2.2.2. How to Attribute a Change in Extremes to Causes -- 3.2.3. Projected Long-Term Changes and Uncertainties -- 3.2.3.1. Information Sources for Climate Change Projections -- 3.2.3.2. Uncertainty Sources in Climate Change Projections -- 3.2.3.3. Ways of Exploring and Quantifying Uncertainties -- 3.3. Observed and Projected Changes in Weather and Climate Extremes -- 3.3.1. Temperature -- Observed Changes -- Causes of Observed Changes -- 3.3.2. Precipitation -- Observed Changes -- Causes of Observed Changes -- Projected Changes and Uncertainties -- 3.3.3. Wind -- 3.4. Observed and Projected Changes in Phenomena Related to Weather and Climate Extremes -- 3.4.1. Monsoons -- 3.4.2. El Niño-Southern Oscillation -- 3.4.3. Other Modes of Variability -- 3.4.4. Tropical Cyclones -- Observed Changes -- Causes of the Observed Changes -- Projected Changes and Uncertainties -- 3.4.5. Extratropical Cyclones -- 3.5. Observed and Projected Impacts on the Natural Physical Environment -- 3.5.1. Droughts -- Observed Changes -- Causes of the Observed Changes -- Projected Changes and Uncertainties -- 3.5.2. Floods -- 3.5.3. Extreme Sea Levels -- 3.5.4. Waves -- 3.5.5. Coastal Impacts -- 3.5.6. Glacier, Geomorphological, and Geological Impacts -- 3.5.7. High-latitude Changes Including Permafrost -- 3.5.8. Sand and Dust Storms -- References -- Chapter 4: Changes in Impacts of Climate Extremes: Human Systems and Ecosystems -- This chapter should be cited as: -- Table of Contents -- Executive Summary -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Climatic Extremes in Natural and Socioeconomic Systems -- 4.2.1. How Do Climate Extremes Impact on Humans and Ecosystems?.
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4.2.2. Complex Interactions among Climate Events, Exposure, and Vulnerability -- 4.3. System- and Sector-Based Aspects of Vulnerability, Exposure, and Impacts -- 4.3.1. Introduction -- 4.3.2. Water -- 4.3.3. Ecosystems -- 4.3.3.1. Heat Waves -- 4.3.3.2. Drought -- 4.3.3.3. Floods -- 4.3.3.4. Other Events -- 4.3.4. Food Systems and Food Security -- 4.3.5. Human Settlements, Infrastructure, and Tourism -- 4.3.5.1. Human Settlements -- 4.3.5.2. Infrastructure -- 4.3.5.3. Tourism -- 4.3.6. Human Health, Well-Being, and Security -- 4.4. Regionally Based Aspects of Vulnerability, Exposure, and Impacts -- 4.4.1. Introduction -- 4.4.2. Africa -- 4.4.2.1. Introduction -- 4.4.2.2. Droughts and Heat Waves -- 4.4.2.3. Extreme Rainfall Events and Floods -- 4.4.2.4. Dust Storms -- 4.4.3. Asia -- 4.4.3.1. Tropical Cyclones (Typhoons or Hurricanes) -- 4.4.3.2. Flooding -- 4.4.3.3. Temperature Extremes -- 4.4.3.4. Droughts -- 4.4.3.5. Wildfires -- 4.4.4. Central and South America -- 4.4.4.1. Extreme Rainfalls in South America -- 4.4.4.2. Wildfires -- 4.4.4.3. Regional Costs -- 4.4.5. Europe -- 4.4.5.1. Introduction -- 4.4.5.2. Heat Waves -- 4.4.5.3. Droughts and Wildfires -- 4.4.5.4. Coastal Flooding -- 4.4.5.5. Gale Winds -- 4.4.5.6. Flooding -- 4.4.5.7. Landslides -- 4.4.5.8. Snow -- 4.4.6. North America -- 4.4.6.1. Introduction -- 4.4.6.2. Heat Waves -- 4.4.6.3. Drought and Wildfire -- 4.4.6.4. Inland Flooding -- 4.4.6.5. Coastal Storms and Flooding -- 4.4.7. Oceania -- 4.4.7.1. Introduction -- 4.4.7.2. Temperature Extremes -- 4.4.7.3. Droughts -- 4.4.7.4. Wildfire -- 4.4.7.5. Intense Precipitation and Floods -- 4.4.7.6. Storm Surges -- 4.4.8. Open Oceans -- 4.4.9. Polar Regions -- 4.4.9.1. Introduction -- 4.4.9.2. Warming Cryosphere -- 4.4.9.3. Floods -- 4.4.10. Small Island States -- 4.5. Costs of Climate Extremes and Disasters.
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4.5.1. Framing the Costs of Extremes and Disasters.
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