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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Report and preliminary results of RV SONNE cruise SO223T : TransGeoBiOc ; Busan - Suva, 09.09.2012 - 08-10-2012 (2012)
    Bremen : MARUM - Zentrum für Marine Umweltwissenschaften, Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Universität Bremen
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Sonne ; Expedition
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (185 Seiten, 4.71 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Series Statement: Berichte aus dem MARUM und dem Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Universität Bremen 289
    URL: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00102872-14
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb14/756451485.pdf
    URL: https://doi.org/10.2314/GBV:756451485
    URN: urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00102872-14
    DOI: 10.2314/GBV:756451485
    Language: English
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMBF 03GO0828A , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden
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  • 2
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    Variations in Western Pacific Warm Pool surface and thermocline conditions over the past 110,000 years: Forcing mechanisms and implications for the glacial Walker circulation (2018)
    Elsevier
    In:  Quaternary Science Reviews, 201 . pp. 429-445.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Surface and thermocline conditions of the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) reflect changes in regional and basin scale ocean and atmosphere circulations and in turn may affect climate globally. Previous studies suggest that a range of factors influences the WPWP on different timescales, however the precise forcings and mechanisms are unclear. Combining surface and thermocline records from sediment cores offshore Papua New Guinea we explore the influence of local and remote processes on the WPWP in response to astronomical forcing and changing glacial-interglacial boundary conditions over the past 110 kyr. We find that thermocline temperatures change with variations in Earth's obliquity with higher temperatures coinciding with high obliquity, which is attributed to variations in subduction and advection of the South Pacific Tropical Water. In contrast, rainfall variations associated with meridional migrations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone are primarily driven by changes in insolation due to precession. Records of bulk sedimentary Ti/Ca and foraminiferal Nd/Ca indicate an additional influence of obliquity, which, however, cannot unambiguously be related to changes in precipitation. Finally, our results suggest a thermocline deepening during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). A compilation of available proxy records illustrates a dipole-like pattern of LGM thermocline depth anomalies with a shoaling (deepening) in the northern (southern) WPWP. A comparison of the proxy compilation with an ensemble of Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP) climate model simulations reveals that the spatial pattern of LGM thermocline depth anomalies is mainly attributable to a contraction of the Pacific Walker circulation on its western side.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.030
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Glacial to Holocene surface hydrography of the tropical eastern Indian Ocean (2010)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 292 (1-2). pp. 89-97.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Quantifying the spatial and temporal sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity changes of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool is essential to understand the role of this region in connection with abrupt climate changes particularly during the last deglaciation. In this study we reconstruct SST and seawater δ18O of the tropical eastern Indian Ocean for the past 40,000 years from two sediment cores (GeoB 10029-4, 1°30′S, 100°08′E, and GeoB 10038-4, 5°56′S, 103°15′E) retrieved offshore Sumatra. Our results show that annual mean SSTs increased about 2–3 °C at 19,000 years ago and exhibited southern hemisphere-like timing and pattern during the last deglaciation. Our SST records together with other Mg/Ca-based SST reconstructions around Indonesia do not track the monsoon variation since the last glacial period, as recorded by terrestrial monsoon archives. However, the spatial SST heterogeneity might be a result of changing monsoon intensity that shifts either the annual mean SSTs or the seasonality of G. ruber towards the warmer or the cooler season at different locations. Seawater δ18O reconstructions north of the equator suggest fresher surface conditions during the last glacial and track the northern high-latitude climate change during the last deglaciation. In contrast, seawater δ18O records south of the equator do not show a significant difference between the last glacial period and the Holocene, and lack Bølling Allerød and Younger Dryas periods suggestive of additional controls on annual mean surface hydrology in this part of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.01.024
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Cruise report SONNE 115 Sundaflut (1997)
    In:  UNSPECIFIED, Kiel, Germany, 211 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-21
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.2312/reports-gpi.1997.86
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    OceanRep: Report - Cruise Report
  • 5
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    The Foundation Seamount chain: a first survey and sampling (1997)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Geology, 137 (3-4). pp. 191-200.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-23
    Description: The Foundation Seamounts form a 1400 km-long chain on the Pacific plate from 32 °S, 127 °W to the Pacific-Antarctic spreading axis at 38 °S, 111 °W. Previously only known from sparse single-beam echosoundings and satellite altimetry, we present here the first multibeam bathymetric survey and geological sampling results. We confirm that the submarine topography correlates with the altimetry, and that the chain is volcanic rather than tectonic or microcontinental in origin. The chain can be divided up morphologically and geochemically into three section: (1) west of 125 °W large flat-topped volcanoes composed of incompatible-element depleted lavas ( ≈ 1) of a near-ridge origin with little or no plume influence, (2) between 125 and 115 °W true intraplate volcanoes with incompatible element enrichment ( 〉 1.9) generated over the Foundation plume, (3) east of 115 °W E-W-trending volcanic ridges with compositions ( 2.0-0.3) suggestive of interaction between the plume and the Pacific-Antarctic spreading axis. On the spreading axis moderate incompatible element enrichments ( ≈0.8, cf. ≈ 0.3 outside the Foundation area) also suggest plume influence. It appears that the activity of the Foundation plume in the last few million years has (1) significantly waned and (2) become wholly channeled towards the spreading axis. The Foundation plume may be in the process of “dying”.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0025-3227(96)00104-1
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Palaeoclimatic insights into forcing and response of monsoon rainfall (2016)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-01
    Description: Monsoons are the dominant seasonal mode of climate variability in the tropics and are critically important conveyors of atmospheric moisture and energy at a global scale. Predicting monsoons, which have profound impacts on regions that are collectively home to more than 70 per cent of Earth’s population, is a challenge that is difficult to overcome by relying on instrumental data from only the past few decades. Palaeoclimatic evidence of monsoon rainfall dynamics across different regions and timescales could help us to understand and predict the sensitivity and response of monsoons to various forcing mechanisms. This evidence suggests that monsoon systems exhibit substantial regional character.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Benthic foraminiferal δ¹⁸O and Mg/Ca studies of sediment cores off tropical NW Africa (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Huang, Enqing; Mulitza, Stefan; Paul, André; Groeneveld, Jeroen; Steinke, Stephan; Schulz, Michael (2012): Response of eastern tropical Atlantic central waters to Atlantic meridional overturning circulation changes during the Last Glacial Maximum and Heinrich Stadial 1. Paleoceanography, 27, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002294
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Benthic foraminiferal d18O and Mg/Ca of sediment cores off tropical NW Africa are used to study the properties of Atlantic central waters during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1). We combined our core top data with published results to develop a new Mg/Ca-temperature calibration for Planulina ariminensis, which shows a Mg/Ca-temperature sensitivity of 0.19 mmol/mol per °C. Estimates of the LGM and HS1 thermocline temperatures are comparable to the present-day values between 200 and 400 m water depth, but were 1.2-1.5°C warmer at 550-570 m depth. The HS1 thermocline waters (200-570 m depth) did not show any warming relative to the LGM. This is in contrast to previous climate model studies, which concluded that tropical Atlantic thermocline waters warmed significantly when Atlantic meridional overturning circulation was reduced. However, our results suggest that thermocline temperatures of the northeastern tropical Atlantic show no pronounced sensitivity to changes in the thermohaline circulation during glacial periods. In contrast, we find a significant increase in thermocline-water salinity during the LGM (200-550 m depth) and HS1 (200-400 m depth) with respect to the present-day, which we relate to changes in the wind-driven circulation. We infer that the LGM thermocline (200-550 m depth) and the HS1 upper thermocline (200-400 m depth) in the northeastern tropical Atlantic was ventilated by surface waters from the North Atlantic rather than the southern-sourced waters. This suggests that the frontal zone between the modern South Atlantic and North Atlantic Central Waters was probably shifted southward during the LGM and HS1.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Hydroclimate records and radiocarbon dating of sediment cores SO189/2 _39KL, SO189/2 _119KL, and SO189/2 _144KL from the eastern tropical Indian Ocean (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Mohtadi, Mahyar; Prange, Matthias; Oppo, Delia W; De Pol-Holz, Ricardo; Merkel, Ute; Zhang, Xiao; Steinke, Stephan; Lückge, Andreas (2014): North Atlantic forcing of tropical Indian Ocean climate. Nature, 509(7498), 76-80, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13196
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: The response of the tropical climate in the Indian Ocean realm to abrupt climate change events in the North Atlantic Ocean is contentious. Repositioning of the intertropical convergence zone is thought to have been responsible for changes in tropical hydroclimate during North Atlantic cold spells1, 2, 3, 4, 5, but the dearth of high-resolution records outside the monsoon realm in the Indian Ocean precludes a full understanding of this remote relationship and its underlying mechanisms. Here we show that slowdowns of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during Heinrich stadials and the Younger Dryas stadial affected the tropical Indian Ocean hydroclimate through changes to the Hadley circulation including a southward shift in the rising branch (the intertropical convergence zone) and an overall weakening over the southern Indian Ocean. Our results are based on new, high-resolution sea surface temperature and seawater oxygen isotope records of well-dated sedimentary archives from the tropical eastern Indian Ocean for the past 45,000 years, combined with climate model simulations of Atlantic circulation slowdown under Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3 boundary conditions. Similar conditions in the east and west of the basin rule out a zonal dipole structure as the dominant forcing of the tropical Indian Ocean hydroclimate of millennial-scale events. Results from our simulations and proxy data suggest dry conditions in the northern Indian Ocean realm and wet and warm conditions in the southern realm during North Atlantic cold spells.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Planktonic foraminifera Mg/Ca-based temperatures and planktonic foraminiferal cenus counts of core GeoB10065-7 (Lombok Basin, Indonesia) (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Steinke, Stephan; Prange, Matthias; Feist, Christin; Groeneveld, Jeroen; Mohtadi, Mahyar (2014): Upwelling variability off southern Indonesia over the past two millennia. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(21), 7684-7693, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061450
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Modern variability in upwelling off southern Indonesia is strongly controlled by the Australian-Indonesian monsoon and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, but multi-decadal to centennial-scale variations are less clear. We present high-resolution records of upper water column temperature, thermal gradient and relative abundances of mixed layer- and thermocline-dwelling planktonic foraminiferal species off southern Indonesia for the past two millennia that we use as proxies for upwelling variability. We find that upwelling was generally strong during the Little Ice Age (LIA) and weak during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Roman Warm Period (RWP). Upwelling is significantly anti-correlated to East Asian summer monsoonal rainfall and the zonal equatorial Pacific temperature gradient. We suggest that changes in the background state of the tropical Pacific may have substantially contributed to the centennial-scale upwelling trends observed in our records. Our results implicate the prevalence of an El Niño-like mean state during the LIA and a La Niña-like mean state during the MWP and the RWP.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Faunal analysis and Mg/Ca records of planktic foraminifera in sediment core SO189/2_039KL (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kwiatkowski, Cornelia; Prange, Matthias; Varma, Vidya; Steinke, Stephan; Hebbeln, Dierk; Mohtadi, Mahyar (2015): Holocene variations of thermocline conditions in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean. Quaternary Science Reviews, 114, 33-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.01.028
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Climate phenomena like the monsoon system, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are interconnected via various feedback mechanisms and control the climate of the Indian Ocean and its surrounding continents on various timescales. The eastern tropical Indian Ocean is a key area for the interplay of these phenomena and for reconstructing their past changes and forcing mechanisms. Here we present records of upper ocean thermal gradient, thermocline temperatures (TT) and relative abundances of planktic foraminifera in core SO 189-39KL taken off western Sumatra (0°47.400' S, 99°54.510' E) for the last 8 ka that we use as proxies for changes in upper ocean structure. The records suggest a deeper thermocline between 8 ka and ca 3 ka compared to the late Holocene. We find a shoaling of the thermocline after 3 ka, most likely indicating an increased occurrence of upwelling during the late Holocene compared to the mid-Holocene which might represent changes in the IOD-like mean state of the Indian Ocean with a more negative IOD-like mean state during the mid-Holocene and a more positive IOD-like mean state during the past 3 ka. This interpretation is supported by a transient Holocene climate model simulation in which an IOD-like mode is identified that involves an insolation-forced long-term trend of increasing anomalous surface easterlies over the equatorial eastern Indian Ocean.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
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