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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection and characterization of natural transformation in the marine bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 152 (1989), S. 520-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Natural transformation ; Pseudomonas stutzeri ; Marine bacteria ; Genetically-engineered micro-organisms ; Gene transfer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Soil isolates of Pseudomonas stutzeri have been shown previously to acquire genes by natural transformation. In this study a marine isolate, Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell, formerly Pseudomonas perfectomarina, was also shown to transform naturally. Transformation was detected by the Juni plate method and frequencies of transformation were determined by filter transformation procedures. Maximum frequencies of transformation were detected for three independent antibiotic resistance loci. Transformation frequencies were on the order of 4×10-5 transformants per recipient, a frequency over 100 times that of spontancous antibiotic resistance. Transfer of antibiotic resistance was inhibited by DNase I digestion. Marine isolates achieved maximum competence 14 h after transfer of exponential cultures to filters on solid media, although lower levels of competence were detected immediately following filter immobilization. Like soil isolates, P. stutzeri strain ZoBell is capable of cell contact transformation, but unlike soil isolates where transformation frequencies are greater for cell contact transformation as compared to transformation with purified DNA, the maximum frequency of transformation achieved by cell contact in the marine strain was approximately 10-fold less than transformation frequencies with purified DNA. These studies establish the first marine model for the study of natural transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425480
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding of exogenous DNA to marine sediments and the effect of DNA/sediment binding on natural transformation of Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell in sediment columns (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 85 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The capacity of marine sediments to facilitate natural transformation of Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell was investigated. The role of DNA/ sediment binding on transformation frequency was also explored. While transformation frequencies increased as a function of DNA concentrations from 0 to 1.0 μg of DNA from rifampin-resistant strains for filter transformations, transformation in autoclaved sediment columns displayed a reduction in transformation frequency in response to low DNA concentrations (0–1.0 μg/cm3 sediment). Maximum transformation frequencies were obtained on filters at 1.0 μg exogenous DNA, however, maximum frequencies were not reached in sediments until a DNA concentration of 3.0 μg/cm3 sediment was added. When autoclaved sediments were pre-loaded with excess calf thymus DNA, this reduction in response of transformation frequency (cf. filter transformation) was eliminated, i.e., transformation frequencies reached saturation in the preloaded sediments at 1.0 μg DNA/cm3. Autoclaved sediments were shown to bind DNA at a concentration of about 3.6 μg/cm3 sediment, and maximum transformation frequencies were only obtained when these sediments were saturated with DNA. These data indicate that autoclaved marine sediments have the capacity to bind DNA in a form that prevents its availability for natural transformation and only after sediments are saturated with DNA does exogenous DNA become biologically active for natural transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04691.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding of exogenous DNA to marine sediments and the effect of DNA/sediment binding on natural transformation of Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell in sediment columns (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 8 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1991.tb01702.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exchange of chromosomal markers by natural transformation between the soil isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri JM300, and the marine isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell (1991)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 59 (1991), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: biotechnology risk assessment ; environmental gene transfer ; natural transformation ; Pseudomonas stutzeri
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Both the soil isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri JM300, and the marine isolate,Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZoBell, have been shown previously to be naturally transformable. This study reports the detection of genetic exchange by natural transformation between these two isolates. Transformation frequency was determined by filter transformation procedures. Three independent antibiotic resistance loci were used as chromosomal markers to monitor this exchange event: resistance to rifampicin, streptomycin, and nalidixic acid. The maximum frequencies of transformation were on the order of 3.1 to 3.8×10-6 transformants per recipient; frequencies over an order of magnitude greater than those for spontaneous antibiotic resistance, although they are lower than those observed for soil: soil or marine: marine strain crosses. This exchange was inhibited by DNase I. Transformation was observed between soil and marine strains, both by filter transformation using purified DNA solutions and when transforming DNA was added in the form of viable donor cells. The results from this study support the close genetic relationship betweenP. stutzeri JM300 andP. stutzeri strain ZoBell. These results also further validate the utility ofP. stutzeri as a benchmark organism for modeling gene transfer by natural transformation in both soil and marine habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582115
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  • 5
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    The coastal environment and human health: microbial indicators, pathogens, sentinels and reservoirs (2021)
    In:  jill.stewart@unc.edu | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/14915 | 403 | 2014-03-10 19:59:25 | 14915 | United States National Ocean Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: Innovative research relating oceans and human health is advancing our understanding of disease-causing organisms in coastal ecosystems. Novel techniques are elucidating the loading, transport and fate of pathogens in coastal ecosystems, and identifying sources of contamination. This research is facilitating improved risk assessments for seafood consumers and those who use the oceans for recreation. A number of challenges still remain and define future directions of research and public policy. Sample processing and molecular detection techniques need to be advanced to allow rapid and specific identification of microbes of public health concern from complex environmental samples. Water quality standards need to be updated to more accurately reflect health risks and to provide managers with improved tools for decision-making. Greater discrimination of virulent versus harmless microbes is needed to identify environmental reservoirs of pathogens and factors leading to human infections. Investigations must include examination of microbial community dynamics that may be important from a human health perspective. Further research is needed to evaluate the ecology of non-enteric water-transmitted diseases. Sentinels should also be established and monitored, providing early warning of dangers to ecosystem health. Taken together, this effort will provide more reliable information about public health risks associated with beaches and seafood consumption, and how human activities can affect their exposure to disease-causing organisms from the oceans.
    Description: Article includes 14 pages.
    Keywords: Environment ; Health ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: S3
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  • 6
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    The coastal environment and human health : microbial indicators, pathogens, sentinels and reservoirs (2008)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © 2008 Author et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Environmental Health 7 (2008): S3, doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-S2-S3.
    Description: Innovative research relating oceans and human health is advancing our understanding of disease-causing organisms in coastal ecosystems. Novel techniques are elucidating the loading, transport and fate of pathogens in coastal ecosystems, and identifying sources of contamination. This research is facilitating improved risk assessments for seafood consumers and those who use the oceans for recreation. A number of challenges still remain and define future directions of research and public policy. Sample processing and molecular detection techniques need to be advanced to allow rapid and specific identification of microbes of public health concern from complex environmental samples. Water quality standards need to be updated to more accurately reflect health risks and to provide managers with improved tools for decision-making. Greater discrimination of virulent versus harmless microbes is needed to identify environmental reservoirs of pathogens and factors leading to human infections. Investigations must include examination of microbial community dynamics that may be important from a human health perspective. Further research is needed to evaluate the ecology of non-enteric water-transmitted diseases. Sentinels should also be established and monitored, providing early warning of dangers to ecosystem health. Taken together, this effort will provide more reliable information about public health risks associated with beaches and seafood consumption, and how human activities can affect their exposure to disease-causing organisms from the oceans.
    Description: The Oceans and Human Health Initiative research described within this paper is supported by the National Science Foundation, The National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Grant numbers are: NIEHS P50 ES012742 and NSF OCE- 043072 (RJG, LAA-Z, MFP), NSF OCE04-32479 and NIEHS P50 ES012740 (RSF), NSF OCE-0432368 and NIEHS P50 ES12736 (HMS-G), NIEHS P50 ES012762 and NSF OCE-0434087 (JSM).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    The ocean sampling day consortium (2015)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-18
    Description: © The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in GigaScience 4 (2015): 27, doi:10.1186/s13742-015-0066-5.
    Description: Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.
    Description: This work was supported by the Micro B3 project, which is funded from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; Joint Call OCEAN.2011‐2: Marine microbial diversity – new insights into marine ecosystems functioning and its biotechnological potential) under the grant agreement no 287589.
    Keywords: Ocean sampling day ; OSD ; Biodiversity ; Genomics ; Health index ; Bacteria ; Microorganism ; Metagenomics ; Marine ; Micro B3 ; Standards
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Impacts of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on the microbial landscape of the New Orleans area (2007)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2007. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of National Academy of Sciences of the USA for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 (2007): 9029-9034, doi:10.1073/pnas.0610552104.
    Description: Floodwaters in New Orleans from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita were observed to contain high levels of fecal indicator bacteria and microbial pathogens, generating concern about long-term impacts of these floodwaters on the sediment and water quality of the New Orleans area and Lake Pontchartrain. We show here that fecal indicator microbe concentrations in offshore waters from Lake Pontchartrain returned to prehurricane concentrations within 2 months of the flooding induced by these hurricanes. Vibrio and Legionella species within the lake were more abundant in samples collected shortly after the floodwaters had receded compared with samples taken within the subsequent 3 months; no evidence of a long-term hurricane-induced algal bloom was observed. Giardia and Cryptosporidium were detected in canal waters. Elevated levels of fecal indicator bacteria observed in sediment could not be solely attributed to impacts from floodwaters, as both flooded and nonflooded areas exhibited elevated levels of fecal indicator bacteria. Evidence from measurements of Bifidobacterium and bacterial diversity analysis suggest that the fecal indicator bacteria observed in the sediment were from human fecal sources. Epidemiologic studies are highly recommended to evaluate the human health effects of the sediments deposited by the floodwaters.
    Description: This work was funded by NSF-NIEHS Oceans and Human Health Program (NSF OCE0432368, OCE0432479, OCE0430724 and NIEHS P50 ES12736, ES012740, ES012742), the NSF-SGER Program (OCE 0554402, OCE 0554674, OCE 0554850, OCE0600130), the NSF-REU Program, and by the Georgia Sea Grant College Program (NA04OAR170033).
    Keywords: Lake Pontchartrain ; Water quality
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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