GLORIA — GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

1

Online Resource

Oxidative Cross-Coupling Reactions. (2016)

Lei, Aiwen.

Newark :John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,

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Keywords: Chemical reactions. ; Electronic books.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

Pages: 1 online resource (243 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9783527681013

URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=4644542

DDC: 547.215

Language: English

Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Oxidative Coupling-Bonding between Two Nucleophiles -- 1.1 Introduction/General -- 1.1.1 What is Oxidative Cross-Coupling? -- 1.1.2 Why Oxidative Cross-Coupling? -- 1.1.3 How Does Oxidative Cross-Coupling Work? -- 1.1.4 Development and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 2 Organometals as Nucleophiles -- 2.1 Classification and Applications of Organometallic Reagents -- 2.2 Csp-M and Csp-M as Nucleophiles -- 2.2.1 Alkyne-Alkyne Oxidative Coupling -- 2.2.1.1 Alkynyl-Si -- 2.2.1.2 Alkynyl-Sn -- 2.2.1.3 Alkynyl-B -- 2.2.1.4 Alkynyl-Mg -- 2.2.1.5 Alkynyl-Te -- 2.2.2 Alkyne-Cyano Oxidative Coupling -- 2.3 Csp-M and Csp2-M as Nucleophiles -- 2.4 Csp-M and Csp3-M as Nucleophiles -- 2.5 Csp2-M and Csp2-M as Nucleophiles -- 2.5.1 Homocoupling of Csp2-M -- 2.5.2 Cross-Coupling between Different Species of Csp2-M -- 2.6 Csp2-M and Csp3-M as Nucleophiles -- 2.7 Csp3-M and Csp3-M as Nucleophiles -- 2.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3 Oxidative Couplings Involving the Cleavage of C-H Bonds -- 3.1 Theoretical Understandings and Methods in C-H Bond Functionalization -- 3.1.1 Introduction -- 3.1.2 Mechanisms of C-H Cleavage by Transition Metals -- 3.1.2.1 Oxidative Addition -- 3.1.2.2 Electrophilic Substitution -- 3.1.2.3 -Bond Metathesis -- 3.1.2.4 Concerted Metalation Deprotonation (CMD) -- 3.1.2.5 1,2-Addition -- 3.1.2.6 Biomimetic C-H Oxidation -- 3.1.2.7 Carbenoid/Nitrenoid C-H Insertion -- 3.1.3 Methods for Selective C-H Bond Functionalization -- 3.1.3.1 Directed C-H Functionalization -- 3.1.3.2 Sterically Controlled C-H Functionalization -- 3.1.3.3 C-H Functionalization via Ionic Intermediates -- 3.1.3.4 C-H Functionalization via Radical Intermediates -- 3.2 Oxidative Couplings between Organometals and Hydrocarbons -- 3.2.1 C(sp)-H and Organometals as Nucleophiles. , 3.2.2 Csp2-H and Organometals as Nucleophiles -- 3.2.3 Csp3-H and Organometals as Nucleophiles -- 3.3 Oxidative Couplings between Two Hydrocarbons -- 3.3.1 C(sp)-H and C(sp)-H as Nucleophiles -- 3.3.2 C(sp)-H and C(sp2)-H as Nucleophiles -- 3.3.3 C(sp)-H and C(sp3)-H as Nucleophiles -- 3.3.4 Csp2-H and Csp2-H as Nucleophiles -- 3.3.4.1 Oxidative Coupling between Directing-Group-Containing Arenes and Unactivated Arenes -- 3.3.4.2 Oxidative Coupling of Arenes without Directing Groups -- 3.3.4.3 Intramolecular Oxidative Coupling of Unactivated Arenes -- 3.3.4.4 Oxidative Heck-Type Cross-Coupling -- 3.3.5 Csp2-H and Csp3-H as Nucleophiles -- 3.3.5.1 Intramolecular Oxidative Coupling between Aromatic Csp2-H and Csp3-H -- 3.3.5.2 Intramolecular Oxidative Coupling between Alkene Csp2-H and Csp3-H -- 3.3.5.3 Intermolecular Oxidative Coupling between Csp2-H and Csp3-H -- 3.3.6 C(sp3)-H and C(sp3)-H as Nucleophiles -- 3.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 Bonding Including Heteroatoms via Oxidative Coupling -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Oxidative C-O Bond Formation -- 4.2.1 C-H and O-M as Nucleophiles -- 4.2.2 C-H and O-H as Nucleophiles -- 4.2.2.1 C(sp2, Aryl)-O Bond Formation -- 4.2.2.2 C(sp2, Heteroaryl, Alkenyl)-O Bond Formation -- 4.2.2.3 C(sp3, Benzyl)-O Bond Formation -- 4.2.2.4 C(sp3, Alkanes with Directing Group)-O Bond Formation -- 4.2.2.5 C(sp3, Ethers, Amines, Amides, Alkanes)-O Bond Formation -- 4.2.2.6 C(sp3, allyl)-O Bond Formation -- 4.3 Oxidative C-N Bond Formation -- 4.3.1 C(sp)-N Bond Formation -- 4.3.2 C(sp2, Arenes with Directing Group)-N Bond Formation -- 4.3.3 C(sp2, Simple Arenes)-N Bond Formation -- 4.3.4 C(sp2, Heteroaryl)-N Bond Formation -- 4.3.5 C(sp2, Alkenyl)-N Bond Formation -- 4.3.6 C(sp3, Alkyl)-N Bond Formation -- 4.3.7 C(sp3, Allyl)-N Bond Formation -- 4.4 Oxidative C-Halo Bond Formation. , 4.4.1 C-H and Halo-H as Nucleophiles -- 4.4.2 C-H and Halo-M as Nucleophiles -- 4.5 Oxidative C-S Bond Formation -- 4.5.1 C(sp2)-S Bond Formation -- 4.5.2 C(sp)-S Bond Formation -- 4.6 Oxidative C-P Bond Formation -- 4.6.1 C(sp2, Aryl)-P Bond Formation -- 4.6.2 C(sp2, Heteroaryl)-P Bond Formation -- 4.6.3 C(sp2, Alkenyl)-P Bond Formation -- 4.6.4 C(sp)-P Bond Formation -- 4.6.5 C(sp3)-P Bond Formation -- 4.7 Oxidative C-B Bond Formation -- References -- Chapter 5 Oxidative Radical Couplings -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Oxidative Radical C-C Couplings -- 5.2.1 Coupling of Csp3-H with Csp-H Bonds -- 5.2.2 Coupling of Csp3-H with Csp2-H Bonds -- 5.2.3 Coupling of Csp3-H with Csp3-H Bonds -- 5.2.4 Coupling of Csp2-H with Csp2-H Bonds -- 5.3 Oxidative Radical C-C Couplings through Cascade Process -- 5.4 Oxidative Radical C-C Couplings via C-C(N) Bond Cleavage -- References -- Index -- EULA.

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2

Online Resource

Quantum Well Structures for Infrared Photodetection. (2010)

Shi, Wei.

Hauppauge :Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated,

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Keywords: Quantum wells. ; Electronic books.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

Pages: 1 online resource (89 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9781616688271

Series Statement: Lasers and Electro-Optics Research and Technology

URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=4691043

DDC: 681/.25

Language: English

Note: Intro -- QUANTUM WELLSTRUCTURES FOR INFRARED PHOTODETECTION -- QUANTUM WELLSTRUCTURES FOR INFRARED PHOTODETECTION -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: 1. INTRODUCTION -- Chapter 2: 2.THEORETICAL REVIEW -- 2.1. QUANTUM WELL PHYSICS -- 2.2. INTERSUBBAND TRANSITION IN QUANTUM WELLS -- 2.2.1. Integrated Absorption Strength for N-Type Quantum Wells -- 2.2.2. Intersubband Transition Occurred in the P-Type Quantum Wells -- Chapter 3:3. P-DOPED GAINAS/ALGAAS STRAINED MQW STRUCTURES -- 3.1. SAMPLE GROWTH -- 3.2. BAND OFFSET DETERMINATION -- 3.3.PHOTOLUMINESCENCE MEASUREMENTS -- 3.3.1. Concentration Dependence of Band Gap -- 3.3.2. PL Intensity and Linewidth at Various Temperatures -- 3.4. STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES -- 3.4.1. Bragg Reflection Rocking Curves -- 3.4.2. Average Mismatch -- 3.4.3. Period of MQWs -- 3.4.4. Line-Width of the Zero-Order Peak -- 3.4.5. Intensity of the First Order Peak -- 3.4.6. Simulation Results -- 3.4.7. Transition Electron Microscopy -- 3.5. INTERSUBBAND ABSORPTION OF THE P-TYPE GAINAS/ALGAAS MULTIPLE QUANTUM WELLS -- 3.5.1. Theoretical Approach -- 3.5.2. Six-Band k⋅p Model andTransfer Matrix Method -- 3.5.3. Calculated Energy Levels and IntersubbandTransition at Various Conditions -- 3.5.4. Experimental Results and Comparisonwith the Calculated Values -- Chapter 4: 4. QUANTUM WELL INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS -- 4.1. DEVICE FABRICATIONS -- 4.2. DARK CURRENT -- 4.2.1. Background -- 4.2.2. Dark Current of P-Type Gainas/Algaas MQW Structures -- 4.3. PERFORMANCE OF QWIP DEVICES -- Chapter 5: 5. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX -- Blank Page.

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Abundance and calculated biomass of Trichodesmium in the oligotrophic South China Sea (2013)

Wu, Jingfeng ; Chung, Shi-Wei ; Wen, Liang-Saw ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2023-02-12

Keywords: Bottle, Niskin; Calculated after Luo et al. (2012); China Sea; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Diazotrophs, total biomass as carbon; Event label; Latitude of event; Light microscope; Longitude of event; MAREDAT_Diazotrophs_Collection; NIS; SEATS/09; SEATS/10; SEATS/11; SEATS-S1_2001-03; Trichodesmium, biomass as carbon; Trichodesmium, carbon per trichome; Trichodesmium abundance, total

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 84 data points

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Seawater carbonate chemistry and burrowing behaviour, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity, metabolism, and gene expression of a bivalve species, Sinonovacula constricta

Peng, Chao ; Zhao, X ; Liu, S ; [et al.]

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In: Supplement to: Peng, Chao; Zhao, X; Liu, S; Shi, Wei; Han, Yu; Guo, Cheng; Peng, Xin; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2017): Ocean acidification alters the burrowing behaviour, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity, metabolism, and gene expression of a bivalve species, Sinonovacula constricta. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 575, 107-117, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12224

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Publication Date: 2023-05-12

Description: Although the effect of ocean acidification on fertilization success of marine organisms is increasingly well documented, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The fertilization success of broadcast spawning invertebrates depends on successful sperm-egg collisions, gamete fusion, and standard generation of Ca2+oscillations. Therefore, the realistic effects of future ocean pCO2 levels on these specific aspects of fertilization of Tegillarca granosa were investigated in the present study through sperm velocity trials, fertilization kinetics model analysis, and intracellular Ca2+assays, respectively. Results obtained indicated that ocean acidification significantly reduced the fertilization success of T. granosa, which could be accountable by (i) decreased sperm velocity hence reducing the probability for sperm-egg collisions; (ii) lowered probability of gamete fusion for each gamete collision event; and (iii) disrupted intracellular Ca2+ oscillations.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Ammonium, excretion; Ammonium, excretion, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Digging depth; Enzyme activity, per protein; EXP; Experiment; Experiment duration; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression; Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Gene name; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Name; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Oxygen consumption, per mass; Oxygen consumption, standard error; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Registration number of species; Replicate; Respiration; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Sinonovacula constricta; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Yueqing_Bay

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3760 data points

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Benzo[a]pyrene exposure under future ocean acidification scenarios weakens the immune responses of blood clam, Tegillarca granosa (2017)

Su, Wenhao ; Zha, Shanjie ; Wang, Yichen ; [et al.]

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In: Supplement to: Su, Wenhao; Zha, Shanjie; Wang, Yichen; Shi, Wei; Xiao, Guoqiang; Chai, Xueliang; Wu, Hongxi; Liu, Guangxu (2017): Benzo[a]pyrene exposure under future ocean acidification scenarios weakens the immune responses of blood clam, Tegillarca granosa. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 63, 465-470, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.046

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are known to converge into the ocean and accumulate in the sediment, posing great threats to marine organisms such as the sessile bottom burrowing bivalves. However, the immune toxicity of POPs, such as B[a]P, under future ocean acidification scenarios remains poorly understood to date. Therefore, in the present study, the impacts of B[a]P exposure on the immune responses of a bivalve species, Tegillarca granosa, under present and future ocean acidification scenarios were investigated. Results obtained revealed an increased immune toxicity of B[a]P under future ocean acidification scenarios in terms of reduced THC, altered haemocyte composition, and hampered phagocytosis, which may attribute to the synergetic effects of B[a]P and ocean acidification. In addition, the gene expressions of pathogen pattern recognition receptors (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6), pathway mediators (TRAF6, TAK1, TAB2, IKKalpha and Myd88), and effectors (NF-kB) of the important immune related pathways were significantly down-regulated upon exposure to B[a]P under future ocean acidification scenarios. Results of the present study suggested an increased immune toxicity of B[a]P under future ocean acidification scenarios, which will significantly hamper the immune responses of T. granosa and subsequently render individuals more susceptible to pathogens challenges.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Brackish waters; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Date; Experiment duration; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression; Gene expression, standard error; Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Granulocyte, basophil; Granulocyte, basophil, standard error; Granulocyte, red; Granulocyte, red, standard error; Hemocyte count; Hemocyte count, standard error; Hyalinocyte; Hyalinocyte, standard error; Immunology/Self-protection; Laboratory experiment; Mass; Mass, standard error; Mollusca; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Organic toxins; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Phagocytosis; Phagocytosis, standard error; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Tegillarca granosa; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Tissues; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1812 data points

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Ocean acidification increases cadmium accumulation in marine bivalves: a potential threat to seafood safety (2016)

Shi, Wei ; Zhao, Xinguo ; Han, Yu ; [et al.]

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In: Supplement to: Shi, Wei; Zhao, Xinguo; Han, Yu; Che, Zhumei; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2016): Ocean acidification increases cadmium accumulation in marine bivalves: a potential threat to seafood safety. Scientific Reports, 6, 20197, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20197

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: To date, the effects of ocean acidification on toxic metals accumulation and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown in marine bivalve species. In the present study, the effects of the realistic future ocean pCO2 levels on the cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the gills, mantle and adductor muscles of three bivalve species, Mytilus edulis, Tegillarca granosa, and Meretrix meretrix, were investigated. The results obtained suggested that all species tested accumulated significantly higher Cd (p〈0.05) in the CO2 acidified seawater during the 30 days experiment and the health risk of Cd (based on the estimated target hazard quotients, THQ) via consumption of M. meretrix at pH 7.8 and 7.4 significantly increased 1.21 and 1.32 times respectively, suggesting a potential threat to seafood safety. The ocean acidification-induced increase in Cd accumulation may have occurred due to (i) the ocean acidification increased the concentration of Cd and the Cd2+/Ca2+ in the seawater, which in turn increased the Cd influx through Ca channel; (ii) the acidified seawater may have brought about epithelia damage, resulting in easier Cd penetration; and (iii) ocean acidification hampered Cd exclusion.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Cadmium; Cadmium, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Date; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression; Gene expression, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Mass; Mass, standard deviation; Meretrix meretrix; Mollusca; Mytilus edulis; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sample code/label; Single species; Species; Tegillarca granosa; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Tissues; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1046 data points

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Ocean acidification weakens the immune response of blood clam through hampering the NF-kappa beta and toll-like receptor pathways (2016)

Liu, Saixi ; Shi, Wei ; Guo, Cheng ; [et al.]

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In: Supplement to: Liu, Saixi; Shi, Wei; Guo, Cheng; Zhao, Xinguo; Han, Yu; Peng, Chao; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2016): Ocean acidification weakens the immune response of blood clam through hampering the NF-kappa beta and toll-like receptor pathways. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 54, 322-327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2016.04.030

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: The impact of pCO2 driven ocean acidification on marine bivalve immunity remains poorly understood. To date, this impact has only been investigated in a few bivalve species and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, the effects of the realistic future ocean pCO2 levels (pH at 8.1, 7.8, and 7.4) on the total number of haemocyte cells (THC), phagocytosis status, blood cell types composition, and expression levels of twelve genes from the NF-kappa beta signaling and toll-like receptor pathways of a typical bottom burrowing bivalve, blood clam (Tegillarca granosa), were investigated. The results obtained showed that while both THC number and phagocytosis frequency were significantly reduced, the percentage of red and basophil granulocytes were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, upon exposure to elevated pCO2. In addition, exposure to pCO2 acidified seawater generally led to a significant down-regulation in the inducer and key response genes of NF-kappa beta signaling and toll-like receptor pathways. The results of the present study revealed that ocean acidification may hamper immune responses of the bivalve T. granosa which subsequently render individuals more susceptible to pathogens attacks such as those from virus and bacteria.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Brackish waters; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Date; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Gene name; Growth/Morphology; Height; Height, standard error; Hemocyte count; Hemocyte count, standard error; Immunology/Self-protection; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; mRNA gene expression, relative; mRNA gene expression, relative, standard error; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; Percentage; Percentage, standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Phagocytosis rate; Phagocytosis rate, standard error; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species; Tegillarca granosa; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Tissues; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1503 data points

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Seawater carbonate chemistry and sperm-egg collisions, gamete fusion, and generation of Ca2+ oscillations of a broadcast spawning bivalve, Tegillarca granosa (2017)

Shi, Wei ; Han, Yu ; Guo, Cheng ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Shi, Wei; Han, Yu; Guo, Cheng; Zhao, Xinguo; Liu, Saixi; Su, Wenhao; Wang, Yichen; Zha, Shanjie; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2017): Ocean acidification hampers sperm-egg collisions, gamete fusion, and generation of Ca 2+ oscillations of a broadcast spawning bivalve, Tegillarca granosa. Marine Environmental Research, 130, 106-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.016

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: Although the effect of ocean acidification on fertilization success of marine organisms is increasingly well documented, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The fertilization success of broadcast spawning invertebrates depends on successful sperm-egg collisions, gamete fusion, and standard generation of Ca2+oscillations. Therefore, the realistic effects of future ocean pCO2 levels on these specific aspects of fertilization of Tegillarca granosa were investigated in the present study through sperm velocity trials, fertilization kinetics model analysis, and intracellular Ca2+assays, respectively. Results obtained indicated that ocean acidification significantly reduced the fertilization success of T. granosa, which could be accountable by (i) decreased sperm velocity hence reducing the probability for sperm-egg collisions; (ii) lowered probability of gamete fusion for each gamete collision event; and (iii) disrupted intracellular Ca2+ oscillations.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Amplitude; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Average path velocity; Average path velocity, standard error; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Curvilinear velocity; Curvilinear velocity, standard error; EXP; Experiment; Fertilization success rate; Fluorescence intensity; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Probability; Registration number of species; Replicate; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species; Straight line velocity; Straight line velocity, standard error; Tegillarca granosa; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Yueqing_Bay

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1080 data points

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Ocean acidification adversely influences metabolism, extracellular pH and calcification of an economically important marine bivalve, Tegillarca granosa (2017)

Zhao, Xinguo ; Shi, Wei ; Han, Yu ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Zhao, Xinguo; Shi, Wei; Han, Yu; Liu, Saixi; Guo, Cheng; Fu, Wandong; Chai, Xueliang; Liu, Guangxu (2017): Ocean acidification adversely influences metabolism, extracellular pH and calcification of an economically important marine bivalve, Tegillarca granosa. Marine Environmental Research, 125, 82-89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.01.007

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: Oceanic uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere has significantly reduced surface seawater pH and altered the carbonate chemistry within, leading to global Ocean Acidification (OA). The blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, is an economically and ecologically significant marine bivalve that is widely distributed along the coastal and estuarine areas of Asia. To investigate the physiological responses to OA, blood clams were exposed to ambient and three reduced seawater pH levels (8.1, 7.8, 7.6 and 7.4) for 40 days, respectively. Results obtained suggest that OA suppresses the feeding activity and aerobic metabolism, but elevates proteins catabolism of blood clams. OA also causes extracellular acidosis and decreases haemolymph Ca2+ concentration. In addition, our data also suggest that OA impairs the calcification process and inner shell surface integrity. Overall, OA adversely influences metabolism, acid-base status and calcification of blood clams, subsequently leading to a decrease in the fitness of this marine bivalve species.

Keywords: Acid-base regulation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Ammonia excretion; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Brackish waters; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Clearance rate; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Haemolymph, calcium ion; Haemolymph, pH; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Oxygen/Nitrogen ratio; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Replicate; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Tegillarca granosa; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1216 data points

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Seawater carbonate chemistry and sperm motility of Tegillarca granosavia (2021)

Shi, Wei ; Han, Yu ; Huang, Xianke ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: Since the industrial revolution, massive amount of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) have been generated to elevate the atmospheric CO2 concentration. Some anthropogenic CO2 have been absorbed by the ocean to cause “ocean acidification” (OA). Although the negative impacts of OA on sperm motility are increasingly found in various marine invertebrate species, the cellular and molecular mechanisms for these effects are still poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of OA (pH7.8 and 7.4) on sperm motility and energy supplying pathway in blood clam Tegillarca granosa. The results showed that the sperm swimming speed reduced significantly in acidified seawater. Since the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level of sperm is closely related to its motility, we analyzed the sperm ATP content and activities of key enzymes during ATP synthesis under different OA scenarios. OA treatments significantly reduced ATP content as well as activities of 6-phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase in the sperm of T. granosa. The sperm Ca2+-ATPase of various animals has been reported to regulate sperm motility. Therefore, we explored the Ca2+-ATPase activity of T. granosa sperm under OA treatment. The results found that Ca2+-ATPase activities in the sperm of T. granosa were significantly declined under OA scenarios. In conclusion, these results suggested that OA could constrain sperm motility through inhibiting ATP synthesis and disturbing intracellular Ca2+ regulation.

Keywords: 6-phosphofructokinase activity, per protein; Adenosine triphosphate, per unit protein; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Average path velocity; Average path velocity, standard error; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calcium-ATPase activity; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Curvilinear velocity; Curvilinear velocity, standard error; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Pyruvate kinase activity, per protein; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species; Straight line velocity; Straight line velocity, standard error; Tegillarca granosa; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Yueqing_Bay_OA

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1263 data points

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