Note: Intro -- Contents -- Series Foreword -- Preface -- 1.The Deceptive Search for "Missing Links" in Human Evolution, 1860-2010: Do Paleoanthropologists Always Work in the Best Interests of Their Discipline? -- Introduction -- Missing Links: A Historical Overview Beginning in the Late Nineteenth Century -- What Makes Paleoanthropologists Tick? -- The "Cunning of Reason" (Hegel): How Paleoanthropology Achieved Its GoalsThus Far Despite Self-Interested Scholars -- Paleoanthropologists identifying so-calledmissing links (as already discussed above) -- Paleoanthropology, 1860-1980: A Sketch -- Breaking the Deadlocks After 1980? -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- 2. Biological Explanations and Their Limits: Paleoanthropology among the Sciences -- Introduction -- Paleoanthropology and Philosophy of Science: Unity or Pluralism? -- Paleoanthropology and Philosophy of Biology: Are Humans Unique? -- Social Studies of Science: Toward an Ontopolitics of Bodies -- Conclusion. The Loyalties of Paleoanthropology: From Niches to Worlds -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- 3. Human and Mammalian Evolution: Is There a Difference? -- Introduction -- Man and Horse -- Humansand Island Dwarfs -- Woolly "Man" -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4. What's Real About Human Evolution? Received Wisdom, Assumptions, and Scenarios -- Introduction -- Is Sensu Lato Systematically Meaningful? -- Multiregionalism and the Submersion of Species Erectus -- On the Nature of Morphological Difference -- A Developmental Understanding of Morphology -- Back to Hominids -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Note -- References -- 5. To Tree or Not to Tree Homo Sapiens -- Introduction -- Discreteness and Hierarchy -- The Bottom Line on Making Trees of Human Individuals -- Choosing a Sound, Empirically Based Philosophical Position -- Conclusion. , Acknowledgments -- References -- 6. Hypothesis Compatibility Versus Hypothesis Testing of Models of Human Evolution -- Introduction -- The Out-of-Africa Replacement Hypothesis -- Pseudo-HypothesisTesting of OAR -- Hypothesis Testing -- Integrating Genetic and Non-Genetic Data -- Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7. Out of Africa: The Evolution and History of Human Populations in the Southern Dispersal Zone -- Introduction -- Out-of-Africa Models: The Southern Dispersal -- New Realizations: Fossils and Ancient Genomes -- An Evolutionary Approach to Out-of-Africa Dispersals -- Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8. The Phylogenomic Origins and Definition of Homo Sapiens -- Introduction -- Out-of-Africa Predictions: Early 1990s -- A Phylogenetic Definition of Homo sapiens -- Why an Extant Crown-Based Definition of Homo sapiens? -- Semantic Corollaries of an Extant Crown-based Definition of Homo sapiens -- Morphological Phylogenetic Information -- Qualitative Morphological Diagnosis of Homo sapiens -- Qualitative Morphological Phylogenetic Analysis -- Quantitative Phylogenetic Morphological Analysis -- Molecular Phylogenetic Information -- Buneman condition, P-statistics, D-statistics -- Full-Site Pattern Spectrum -- The X Chromosome -- Beyond Sequence Spectrums -- Another Non-sapiens Introgression? -- The Pre-sapiens Mandingo Hypothesis -- Out-of-Africa at Present -- Morphological Evidence for Homo sapiens Origins -- Patterns of Introgression -- Limitations -- A Struggling Genus? -- Phylogenetic Definitions of Homo sapiens and Species with Which They Interacted -- Future Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9. "Like Fixing an Airplane in Flight": On Paleoanthropology as an Evolutionary Discipline, or Paleoanthropology for What? -- Introduction -- Intellectual Origins of the Critique. , Fleck's Crucial Insight -- Evolutionary Biology, Standing on One Foot -- Correlations, Covariances, and Matrices -- Covariances Have a Picture -- The Covariance Matrix -- Due Regard for Uncertainty -- Organized Skepticism -- What Is Wrong with Paleoanthropological Quantifications Today -- Some Suggested Remedies -- Relying on the Social Aspects of Our Science: Consensus-Driven Paleoanthropology -- Paleoanthropology for What? -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10. Back to Basics: Morphological Analysis in Paleoanthropology -- Introduction -- Craniofacial Variation in Early Homo -- Late Pleistocene Homo: Why Do Neanderthals and Modern Humans Differ in Skeletal Morphology? -- The Conceptual Reference Framework -- Morphological and Morphometric Analyses -- Holistic Concepts of Morphology: Variation, Integration, Systems Models, and Organisms -- Craniofacial Integration: Populations, Demes, Morphs, Species, and Genera -- Neanderthal Skeletal Anatomy and Evolution: Craniofacial Biology Needs Organismal Biology -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11. Where Evolutionary Biology Meets History: Ethno-nationalism and Modern Human Origins in East Asia -- Introduction -- Background: Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century China -- Nationalism and the Search for Chinese Origins -- Human Evolution and the Discovery of a Remote Past: Centers and Dispersal -- Development, Not Origins: Weidenreich, 1937-1948 and Multiregionalism -- Human Origins Research in Asia before World War II -- Chinese Isolation (1937-c.1980) and the Development of Ethno-nationalism -- Post-1989: The Ending of China's Isolation -- Continuity with Hybridization -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- References -- 12. Referential Models for the Study of Hominin Evolution: How Many Do We Need? -- Introduction -- The Genetic and Fossil Evidence. , The Influence of Ecology on Hominin Evolution -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13. Archeological Sites from 2.6-2.0 Ma: Toward a Deeper Understanding of the Early Oldowan -- Introduction -- The Earliest Lithic Technologies: Timing and General Characteristics -- Overview of Sites from 2.6-2.3 Ma -- Overview of Sites ca. 2.0 Ma -- Interpreting the Earliest Archeological Sites -- Toward a More Integrated Paleoanthropology -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14. Human Brain Evolution: History or Science? -- Introduction -- Science Versus History? -- Problems for Social Brain Theory -- Archaeology and the Contingent Brain -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 15. Brain Size and the Emergence of Modern Human Cognition -- Introduction -- Hominid Brain Size Increase -- Symbolic Cognition -- The Fossil and Archaeological Records -- The Role of Language -- The Shrinking Human Brain -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 16. Sex, Reproduction, and Scenarios of Human Evolution -- Introduction -- Darwin's Sexual Selectionand Its Anthropological Meaning -- Evolution of the Family -- The Return of Sexual Selection and Hominization Scenarios -- Concealed Ovulation and the Emergence of Kinship Rules -- The "Unfinished" Child and the Evolutionary Meaning of Women's Longevity -- Reproduction, Fertility, and Upper Palaeolithic Demography -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Contributors -- Index.

Note: Petraglia_FM_O.pdf -- Petraglia_Ch01_O.pdf -- Chapter 1 -- Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Human Populations in Arabia -- Introduction -- History of Prehistoric Research in Arabia -- Quaternary Environments and Demographic Response -- Genetics and Migration -- Paleolithic Archaeology -- Early/Middle Pleistocene (ca. 2.0 Ma-200 ka) -- Late Middle and Upper Pleistocene (ca. 200-12 ka) -- Early Holocene Archaeology (ca. 12-8 ka BP) -- Human Evolution in Arabia -- References -- Petraglia_Ch02_O.pdf -- Chapter 2 -- The Red Sea, Coastal Landscapes, and Hominin Dispersals -- Introduction -- Environmental and Archaeological Context -- Geographical Factors -- Geology -- Climate and Environment -- Archaeological Context -- Paleoenvironment and Resources -- Sea-Level Change and the Southern Pathway -- Terrestrial Resources and Paleoclimate -- Land Mammals and Topographic Roughness -- Paleoclimate -- Coastal Habitats and Marine Resources -- Conclusion -- References -- Petraglia_Ch03_O.pdf -- Chapter 3 -- Pleistocene Climate Change in Arabia: Developing a Framework for Hominin Dispersal over the Last 350 ka -- Introduction -- Geography, Geology, and Climate -- The Question of Chronology -- Pleistocene Climate Change in Arabia -- Stages 9-6 (350-130 ka) -- Stage 5 (130-74 ka) -- Stage 4 Aridity Onset (75-60 ka) -- Stage 3 The Debated Pluvial (60-20 ka) -- Stage 2 Late Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Late Glacial (20-10 ka) -- Stage 1 Holocene Climate Change in Arabia (10 ka-Present) -- Conclusions -- References -- Petraglia_Ch04_O.pdf -- Chapter 4 -- Environment and Long-Term Population Trends in Southwest Arabia -- Introduction -- The Environment of Southwest Arabia During the Late Quaternary -- Late Pleistocene Environmental Change -- Holocene Environmental Change -- Population and Settlement -- Modern Population and Settlement -- The Recent Historical Record. , The Classical Record -- The Epigraphic Old South Arabian Record -- South Arabian Settlement and Population: The Archaeological Record -- The Yemeni Bronze Age -- The Neolithic -- The Paleolithic -- Discussion: Human Settlement and Changing Environments -- References -- Petraglia_Ch05_O.pdf -- Chapter 5 -- Mitochondrial DNA Structure of Yemeni Population: Regional Differences and the Implications for Different Migratory Contribut -- Introduction -- Background -- Paleoclimatological and Archaeological Context -- Geographic Affinities of Yemeni Populations -- Geographical Distribution of mtDNA Lineages in Yemen -- Sub-Saharan Haplogroups -- Macrohaplogroups M and N -- Conclusions -- References -- Petraglia_Ch06_O.pdf -- Chapter 6 -- The Arabian peninsula: Gate for Human Migrations Out of Africa or Cul-de-Sac? A Mitochondrial DNA Phylogeographic Perspective -- Introduction -- Mitochondrial DNA Characteristics -- Macrohaplogroup L in Arabia -- Macrohaplogroup M in Arabia -- Macrohaplogroup N in Arabia -- Macrohaplogroup R in Arabia -- Mitochondrial Footsteps of the Old World Human Colonization -- References -- Petraglia_Ch07_O.pdf -- Chapter 7 -- Bayesian Coalescent Inference from Mitochondrial DNA Variation of the Colonization Time of Arabia by the Hamadryas Baboon (P -- Background -- Human Genetic Data and Out-of-Africa Routes and Times -- Pleistocene Climates and Mammal Dispersals from Africa to Southwest Asia -- Zoogeography of Arabian Mammals and Afro-Arabian Dispersal Routes -- Origin and Age of the Hamadryas Baboon in Arabia -- Reanalysis of the Colonization Time of Arabia Using Bayesian MCMC Methods -- References -- Petraglia_Ch08_O.pdf -- Chapter 8 -- Acheulean Landscapes and Large Cutting Tools Assemblages in the Arabian peninsula -- Introduction -- The Acheulean of the Wadi Fatimah -- The Acheulean of Dawa-dmi. , The Saffa-qah Excavations (206-76, 206-68) -- Discussion -- Settings and Environments -- Stone Tool Quarrying Behavior and Giant Cores -- Inter-regional Comparison of Acheulean Large Cutting Tools -- Dispersal Processes -- Conclusion -- References -- Petraglia_Ch09_O.pdf -- Chapter 9 -- A Middle Paleolithic Assemblage from Jebel Barakah, Coastal Abu Dhabi Emirate -- Introduction -- Geomorphology of Jebel Barakah -- Jebel Barakah: Archaeological Localities -- The Lithic Assemblage -- Technology and Typology -- Conclusions -- References -- Petraglia_Ch10_O.pdf -- Chapter 10 -- Paleolithic Stone Tool Assemblages from Sharjah and Ras al Khaimah in the United Arab Emirates -- Background -- The 2006-2007 Field Investigations: Sites and Artifacts -- Field Investigations in 2006 -- Site ES(F)06A -- Site ES(F)06B -- Site ES(F)06C -- Field Investigations in 2007 -- Site ES(F)06D -- Site ES(F)07E -- Site ES(F)07F and 'Gabbro Hill' -- Site ES07S10 -- Site ES07S11 -- Site ES07S13 -- Site ES07S14 -- Site ES07S15 -- Site ES07S16 -- Site ES07S18 -- Site ERM07A -- The Lithic Assemblages: Sampling and Analysis -- General Observations -- Group A1 (ES(F)06D, ES07S10, ES07S14, ERM07A, Gabbro Hill) -- Group A2 (ES(F)06A, ES(F)06B, ES(F)06C) -- Group A3 (ES(F)06E, ES07S15) -- Group B1 (ES(F)06F) -- Regional Context -- Conclusion -- References -- Petraglia_Ch11_O.pdf -- Chapter 11 -- The Central Oman Paleolithic Survey: Recent Research in Southern Arabia and Reflection on the Prehistoric Evidence -- Introduction -- Geographic Setting -- Climate in the Late Pleistocene -- Prehistory in Oman -- Problems of Pleistocene Archaeology in Arabia -- Lower Paleolithic Sites in the Huqf -- The 2007 COPS-Survey -- Outcome of the 2007 Season -- Cores -- Small Debitage -- Light Blades -- Heavy Blades -- Flake Tools -- Heavy Bifacials -- Small Bifacials -- Foliates -- Arrowheads. , Microliths -- Chronology -- Conclusions -- References -- Petraglia_Ch12_O.pdf -- Chapter 12 -- The Middle Paleolithic of Arabia: The View from the Hadramawt Region, Yemen -- Arabia: A New "El Dorado" for Evolutionary Scholars? -- The Arabian Middle Paleolithic Background -- Levallois Industries and the Middle Paleolithic: How and Why Study Surface Material in Yemen? -- Universal Dating of Sites with Levallois Technology? -- Some Elements Largely in Favor of Pleistocene Dating -- Levallois Assemblages from Hadramawt: The Contexts -- The Hadramawt Region -- The Context of the Discoveries -- Technological Analysis and Terminology -- Technological Analysis of Levallois Cores -- Levallois Assemblages from Hadramawt: The Data -- The First Synthesis on the Levallois Debitage of Hadramawt: Two Methods, Three Groups and Eight Modalities -- Interim Conclusions -- Comparison with Other Levallois Industries from Hadramawt and Elsewhere in Yemen -- Comparison with Industries of Hadramawt from Other Archaeological Projects -- The Russian-Yemeni Mission -- Sites from Shabwa Region -- Conclusions: Levallois Debitage in Hadramawt -- What Are the Variable Methods of Levallois Debitage in Yemen? -- Discussion: Repercussion of the Results from Eastern Yemen -- Anatomically Modern Humans' Dispersal Routes Out of Africa -- What Are the Possible Comparisons with Neighboring Regions? -- Some Comparisons with Northeastern Africa and the "Nubian Mousterian" -- Some Comparisons with the Near-East and the Levantine Mousterian -- Conclusions -- References -- Petraglia_Ch13_O.pdf -- Chapter 13 -- The "Upper Paleolithic" of South Arabia -- Introduction -- The Arabian Paleoclimate During the Latter Half of the Upper Pleistocene -- Results of the Central Oman Pleistocene Research Program -- Al-Hatab Rockshelter (OM.JA.TH.29) -- Ras Aïn Noor (OM.JA.SJ.32) -- Dhanaqr (OM.JA.TH.21). , Discussion -- The South Arabian UP -- Demographic Implications -- References -- Petraglia_Ch14_O.pdf -- Chapter 14 -- The Late Pleistocene of Arabia in Relation to the Levant -- Introduction -- The Arabian Paleoenvironment -- The Paleoenvironment Between 30 and 10 ka -- Late Pleistocene Sites in Arabia -- Terminology and Nomenclature -- Identifying and Defining the Late Pleistocene -- Late Pleistocene Sites -- The Terminal Pleistocene -- The Faw Well Material -- Other Microlithic Sites -- Summary of the Late Pleistocene -- Discussion -- Are We Missing the Arabian Late Pleistocene? -- Connections to the Levant (and Africa) -- Conclusions -- References -- Petraglia_Ch15_O.pdf -- Chapter 15 -- Holocene (Re-)Occupation of Eastern Arabia -- Introduction -- The Arabian Paleolithic and the 'Paleolithic' of Eastern Arabia -- Some Thoughts on Ecology and Subsistence -- Bridging the Pleistocene-Holocene Divide in Southeastern Arabia: Wadi Wutayya, the Jabal Faya Sites (FAY-NE01 and 10) and Na -- Recent Discoveries in the Interior of Sharjah (UAE) -- Links with the Southern Levant -- Ecological Considerations Regarding Herders Versus Hunters -- Conclusion -- References -- Petraglia_Ch16_O.pdf -- 16 -- Early Holocene in the Highlands: Data on the Peopling of the Eastern Yemen Plateau, with a Note on the Pleistocene Evidence -- Introduction -- Pre-Neolithic Evidence from the Wādī at-Tayyilah Basin (Al-A'rūsh) -- Area and General Stratigraphy -- Site WTH3: Setting, Local Sequence, and Pre-Neolithic Components -- Other Pleistocene/Holocene Sites in the Thayyilah-Nab Area -- Pre-Neolithic Evidence from the Wādī Khamar Basin (Jihānah) -- The Area and Its Depositional-Environmental Sequences -- Early Holocene and Putative Late Pleistocene Sites -- A Note on the Paleolithic Evidence from Other Areas of Khawlān -- Conclusions and Inferences -- References. , Petraglia_Ch17_O.pdf.

Note: 1-4020-5562-5_BookFrontmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- 1-4020-5562-5_1_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Human evolution and culture change in the Indian subcontinent -- Michael D. Petraglia Bridget Allchin -- 1-4020-5562-5_2_OnlinePDF.pdf -- PARTI Setting Foundations -- Afro-Eurasian mammalian fauna and early hominin dispersals -- Alan Turner and Hannah J. O'regan -- 1-4020-5562-5_3_OnlinePDF.pdf -- ``Resource-rich, stone-poor'': Early hominin land use in large river systems of northern India and Pakistan -- Robin Dennell -- 1-4020-5562-5_4_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Toward developing a basin model for Paleolithic settlement of the Indian subcontinent: Geodynamics, monsoon dynamics, habitat diversity and dispersal routes -- Ravi Korisettar -- 1-4020-5562-5_5_OnlinePDF.pdf -- The Acheulean of peninsular India with special reference to the Hungsi and Baichbal valleys of the lower Deccan -- K. Paddayya -- 1-4020-5562-5_6_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Changing trends in the study of a Paleolithic site in India: A century of research at Attirampakkam -- Shanti Pappu -- 1-4020-5562-5_7_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Was Homo heidelbergensis in South Asia? A test using the Narmada fossil from central India -- Sheela Athreya -- 1-4020-5562-5_8_OnlinePDF.pdf -- PARTII The Modern Scene -- The Toba supervolcanic eruption: Tephra-fall deposits in India and paleoanthropological implications -- Sacha C. Jones -- 1-4020-5562-5_9_OnlinePDF.pdf -- The emergence of modern human behavior in South Asia: A review of the current evidence and discussion of its possible implications -- Hannah V.A. James -- 1-4020-5562-5_10_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Genetic evidence on modern human dispersals in South Asia: Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA perspectives: The world through the eyes of two haploid genomes -- Phillip Endicott Mait Metspalu Toomas Kivisild -- 1-4020-5562-5_11_OnlinePDF.pdf. , Cranial diversity in South Asia relative to modern human dispersals and global patterns of human variation -- Jay T. Stock and Marta Mirazón Lahr Samanti Kulatilake -- 1-4020-5562-5_12_OnlinePDF.pdf -- PARTIII New Worlds in the Holocene -- Interpreting biological diversity in South Asian prehistory: Early Holocene population affinities and subsistence adaptations -- John R. Lukacs -- 1-4020-5562-5_13_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Population movements in the Indian subcontinent during the protohistoric period: Physical anthropological assessment -- S.R. Walimbe -- 1-4020-5562-5_14_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Foragers and forager-traders in South Asian worlds: Some thoughts from the last 10,000 years -- Kathleen D. Morrison -- 1-4020-5562-5_15_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Anthropological, historical, archaeological and genetic perspectives on the origins of caste in South Asia -- Nicole Boivin -- 1-4020-5562-5_16_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Language families and quantitative methods in South Asia and elsewhere -- April M1cmahon Robert M1cmahon -- 1-4020-5562-5_17_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Duality in Bos indicus mtDNA diversity: Support for geographical complexity in zebu domestication -- David A. Magee Hideyuki Mannen Daniel G. Bradley -- 1-4020-5562-5_18_OnlinePDF.pdf -- Non-human genetics, agricultural origins and historical linguistics in South Asia -- Dorian Q Fuller -- 1-4020-5562-5_19_OnlinePDF.pdf -- PARTIV Concluding Remarks -- Thoughts on The Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia -- Gregory L. Possehl -- 1-4020-5562-5_BookBackmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf.