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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Online Coupled LC-GC-ITD/MS for the Identification of Alkylated, Oxygenated, and Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Urban Air Particulate Extracts (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 29 (1995), S. 1977-1981 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00008a013
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A larger pool of ozone-forming carbon compounds in urban atmospheres (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 405 (2000), S. 778-781 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Volatile organic compounds play a central role in the processes that generate both urban photochemical smog and tropospheric ozone. For successful and accurate prediction of these pollution episodes, identification of the dominant reactive species within the volatile organic carbon pool ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35015540
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atmospheric monitoring of volatile organic compounds using programmed temperature vaporization injection (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 19 (1996), S. 686-690 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Programmed temperature vaporization injection ; Volatile organic compounds ; Isoprene ; Biogenic emissions ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method has been developed for the automated determination of C5—C10 and C2—C6 volatile organic compounds in urban and rural air, using programmed temperature vaporization injection from a sorbent tube trap. A single activated charcoal sorbent tube was repeatedly used to collect samples of air with trapped VOCs being subsequently desorbed onto either a wide bore dimethyl polysiloxane (C5—C10) or porous layer open tubular (C2—C6) gas chromatography column without use of intermediate cryogenic refocussing. The high flow rates of helium used during the analysis resulted in the sample tube being cleaned and ready to reuse following the analytical separation. Examples of analysis of aromatic VOCs in urban air, and biogenic emissions in rural air, collected in a Sitka Spruce forest are presented. Using this method it is possible to quasi-continuously monitor concentrations of VOCs in locations where high sensitivity in situ analysis is required, but where cryogenic coolants may not be readily available or desirable.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240191206
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line LC-GC-AED and LC-GC-MS - multidimensional methods for the analysis of PAC in fuels, combustion emissions and atmospheric samples (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 20 (1997), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Polycyclic aromatic compounds ; Coupled Liquid chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; Coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography-atomic emission detection ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The composition and concentration of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) in fuels. Theier combustion products and in the atmosphere remains a topic of considerable interest. Despite the wealth of literature on the identification of PAC, speciation at low concentrations remains difficult due to instrument limitation and the complexity of fuel and environmental samples. Consequently on line sample preparation procedures (SPE, SFE, LC, etc.) are becomeing an increasingly important step in the analysis procedure particularly where sample clean-up and fractionation are essential for improving analytical resolution. In this study a normal phase high pressure analytical resolution. In this study a normal phase high pressure liquid chromatography-gas chromatography (LC-GC) system has been developed to provide quantitative analysis of samples, as diverse as coal liquids, petroleum fuels, diesel exhaust particulates, and urban air particulates. Separation and identification of parent and alkylated PAH, hetercycline nitro-and oxy-PAC can be achieved by direct coupling to an atomic emission detector and a bech top mass spectrometer. For both systems the primary LC separation combined with the large sample volume transferred to GC vastly improves detection limits. Furthermore the complimentary nature of the two detectors used enables the positive indentification of many unknowns.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240200211
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of the Helium Ionization Detector for Gas Chromatographic Monitoring of Trace Atmospheric Components (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 21 (1998), S. 75-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: gas chromatography, helium ionization detector (HID) ; formaldehyde ; atmospheric oxygenates ; volatile organic compounds ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Two different gas chromatographic detectors, the helium ionization detector (HID) and the more commonly used flame ionization detector (FID), were used in parallel to compare their responses to a number of organic compounds. Atmospherically important oxygenated species were analyzed, as well as hydrocarbons and chlorinated and sulfur containing organics. The HID exhibited the better response to all compounds investigated, most notably to formaldehyde and higher oxygenates. A gas chromatographic system was developed to trap and analyze atmospheric organic compounds with HID detection. This required careful choice of the adsorbent material and removal of inorganic components (namely nitrogen and oxygen) before analysis. Real air samples were then taken and analyzed qualitatively for a range of olefinic and aromatic compounds.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sub-ppt Atmospheric Measurements Using PTV-GC-FID and Real-Time Digital Signal Processing (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 21 (1998), S. 181-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Trace analysis, atmospheric ; digital signal processing ; signal to noise reduction ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Injection by Programmed Temperature Vaporization Injection (PTV) of Gaseous Samples for Gas Chromatography - Atomic Emission Spectrometry (GC-AED) (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 22 (1999), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Programmed temperature vaporization (PTV) ; GC-AED ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Programmed temperature vaporization injection (PTV) coupled to gas chromatography and atomic emission detector (AED) has been studied for large volume injection of gaseous samples. As examples of the effectiveness of the technique, the results of the analysis of a series of headspace samples of foods such as garlic and onion, and of landfill gases are presented. The volumes of gaseous samples reconcentrated varied from a few milliliters up to liters depending on analyte dilution, through focusing onto a sorbent trap, then rapid liberation into the GC-AED system by programmed thermal desorption. Despite the high carrier gas flow rates associated with direct PTV-GC, AED performance and sensitivity were unaffected. The detailed elemental information obtained from the PTV-GC-AED analyses was confirmed using a PTV coupled to a gas chromatograph with ion trap detector mass spectrometer as detector (PTV-GC-ITD/MS).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 8
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    Flow rate and source reservoir identification from airborne chemical sampling of the uncontrolled Elgin platform gas release (2018)
    Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11 (2018): 1725-1739, doi:10.5194/amt-11-1725-2018.
    Description: An uncontrolled gas leak from 25 March to 16 May 2012 led to evacuation of the Total Elgin wellhead and neighbouring drilling and production platforms in the UK North Sea. Initially the atmospheric flow rate of leaking gas and condensate was very poorly known, hampering environmental assessment and well control efforts. Six flights by the UK FAAM chemically instrumented BAe-146 research aircraft were used to quantify the flow rate. The flow rate was calculated by assuming the plume may be modelled by a Gaussian distribution with two different solution methods: Gaussian fitting in the vertical and fitting with a fully mixed layer. When both solution methods were used they compared within 6 % of each other, which was within combined errors. Data from the first flight on 30 March 2012 showed the flow rate to be 1.3 ± 0.2 kg CH4 s−1, decreasing to less than half that by the second flight on 17 April 2012. δ13CCH4 in the gas was found to be −43 ‰, implying that the gas source was unlikely to be from the main high pressure, high temperature Elgin gas field at 5.5 km depth, but more probably from the overlying Hod Formation at 4.2 km depth. This was deemed to be smaller and more manageable than the high pressure Elgin field and hence the response strategy was considerably simpler. The first flight was conducted within 5 days of the blowout and allowed a flow rate estimate within 48 h of sampling, with δ13CCH4 characterization soon thereafter, demonstrating the potential for a rapid-response capability that is widely applicable to future atmospheric emissions of environmental concern. Knowledge of the Elgin flow rate helped inform subsequent decision making. This study shows that leak assessment using appropriately designed airborne plume sampling strategies is well suited for circumstances where direct access is difficult or potentially dangerous. Measurements such as this also permit unbiased regulatory assessment of potential impact, independent of the emitting party, on timescales that can inform industry decision makers and assist rapid-response planning by government.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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