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  • 1
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    Biomarker Records of Environmental Shifts on the Labrador Shelf During the Holocene (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-28
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉The ultimate demise of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) and the preceding and succeeding oceanographic changes along the western Labrador Sea offer insights critically important to improve climate predictions of expected future climate warming and further melting of the Greenland ice cap. However, while the final disappearance of the LIS during the Holocene is rather well constrained, the response of sea ice during the resulting meltwater events is not fully understood. Here, we present reconstructions of paleoceanographic changes over the past 9.3 Kyr BP on the northwestern Labrador Shelf, with a special focus on the interaction between the final meltwater event around 8.2 Kyr BP and sea ice and phytoplankton productivity (e.g., IP〈sub〉25〈/sub〉, HBI III (Z), brassicasterol, dinosterol, biogenic opal, total organic carbon). Our records indicate low sea‐ice cover and high phytoplankton productivity on the Labrador Shelf prior to 8.9 Kyr BP, sea‐ice formation was favored by decreased surface salinities due to the meltwater events from Lake Agassiz‐Ojibway and the Hudson Bay Ice Saddle from 8.55 Kyr BP onwards. For the past ca. 7.5 Kyr BP sea ice is mainly transported to the study area by local ocean currents such as the inner Labrador and Baffin Current. Our findings provide new insights into the response of sea ice to increased meltwater discharge as well as shifts in atmospheric and oceanic circulation.〈/p〉
    Description: Key Points: 〈list list-type="bullet"〉 〈list-item〉 〈p xml:lang="en"〉Sea ice on the Labrador Shelf mainly follows the solar insolation and meltwater input from the decaying Laurentide Ice Sheet〈/p〉〈/list-item〉 〈list-item〉 〈p xml:lang="en"〉Sea ice increased following the Lake Agassiz outburst and Hudson Bay Ice Saddle Collapse between 8.5 and 8.2 Kyr BP〈/p〉〈/list-item〉 〈list-item〉 〈p xml:lang="en"〉Low sea ice conditions during the Holocene Thermal Maximum were replaced by an increase following the Neoglacial cooling trend〈/p〉〈/list-item〉 〈/list〉 〈/p〉
    Description: Ocean Frontier Institute
    Description: NSERC
    Description: https://doi.org/10.4095/221564
    Description: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.949244
    Description: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8247131
    Description: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.949065
    Description: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.949056
    Keywords: ddc:551.7 ; sea ice ; Atlantic Ocean ; IP25 ; 8.2 event
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
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    A stratigraphical-sedimentological study of the last interglacial period in the central Nordic seas on the basis of XRF core scanning (2017)
    Deutsche Gesellschaft für Polarforschung; Alfred-Wegener-Institu für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    In:  Polarforschung, 87 (1). pp. 15-22.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: The recognition of specific geological time intervals is one of the major issues when establishing the stratigraphies of marine sediment cores. The automatic XRF core scanning method provides a fast and non-destructive method to precisely identify a given time interval and its changeable sedimentation histories. To test the applicability of XRF core scanning to recognize such periods, we studied in detail sedimentation processes across the last interglacial climate cycle (MIS 5e) on unsampled sediment core section from the central Nordic Seas – an area of high interest for paleoceanographic reconstructions. To further ground truth the XRF scanning results the core was sampled and the contents of iceberg-rafted debris (IRD) and shards of tephra were quantified. On that basis we identified Ti/Ca ratios as a potential indicator for IRD depositional peaks, and Ca as indicator of high biogenic carbonate production. Two well-known tephras from MIS 5e, Midt-RHY and 5e-low/Bas-IV, could be identified based on specific elemental content, such as Si, Ti, Zr, and Rb. By cross-core correlations using Ca-content and IRD-counts, the iceberg-free interval with enhanced deposition of biogenic carbonate lasted for about 9 ky, with a return of significant iceberg presence around 115 ka, notifying the onset of the last glacial inception. According to the age model applied we could further define the age of the 5e-Midt-RHY tephra at ~121.5 ka and of the 5e-low/Bas-IV at ~125.5 ka.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.2312/polarforschung.87.1.15
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Geochemical biomarker analyses on sediment cores MSM05/03_343310-5-1 and MSM05/03_343310-2-2 from Disko Bugt, West Greenland (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Past sea ice conditions and open water phytoplankton production were reconstructed from a sediment core taken in Disko Bugt, West Greenland, using the sea ice biomarker IP~25~ and other specific phytoplankton biomarker (i.e., brassicasterol, dinosterol, HBI III) records. Our biomarker record indicates that Disko Bugt experienced a gradual expansion of seasonal sea ice during the last 2.2 kyr. Maximum sea ice extent was reached during the Little Ice Age around 0.2 kyr BP. Superimposed on this longer term trend, we find short-term oscillations in open water primary production and terrigenous input, which may be related to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and solar activity changes as potential climatic trigger mechanisms. A direct sample-to-sample multiproxy comparison of our new biomarker record with microfossil (i.e., benthic foraminifera, dinocysts, and diatoms) and other geochemical records (i.e., alkenone biomarkers) indicates that different proxies are influenced by the complex environmental system with pronounced seasonal changes and strong oceanographic gradients, e.g., freshwater inflow from the Greenland Ice Sheet. Differences in sea ice reconstructions may indicate that the IP~25~ record reflects only the relatively short sea ice season (spring), whereas other microfossil reconstructions may reflect a longer (spring–autumn) interval.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Biomarker data from surface sediments and environmental data from the (sub)Arctic (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: For the interpretation of proxy reconstructions it is necessary to understand the recent signals of different sea-ice proxies from various regions. We present 260 new sediment surface samples collected in the (sub-) Arctic Oceans that were analysed for specific sea-ice (IP~25~) and open-water phytoplankton biomarkers (brassicasterol, dinosterol, HBI III). This new biomarker dataset was combined with 615 previously published biomarker surface samples into a pan-Arctic database. This comprehensive dataset is compared to satellite-based sea-ice concentrations and other environmental parameters to contribute to a better understanding of biomarker distributions as a basis for sea-ice reconstructions on a (sub-) Arctic scale.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Geochemical biomarker analyses on sediment cores PS2641-4 (GC) and PS2641-5 (GKG) from the East Greenland Shelf (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kolling, Henriette Marie; Stein, Ruediger; Fahl, Kirsten; Perner, Kerstin; Moros, Matthias (2017): Short-term variability in late Holocene sea-ice cover on the East Greenland Shelf and its driving mechanisms. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 485, 336-350, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.06.024
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Arctic sea ice is a critical component of the climate system as it influences the albedo, heat, moisture and gas exchange between ocean and atmosphere as well as the ocean's salinity. An ideal location to study natural sea-ice variability during pre-industrial times is the East Greenland Shelf that underlies the East Greenland Current (EGC), the main route of Arctic sea ice and freshwaters from the Arctic Ocean into the northern North Atlantic. Here, we present a new high-resolution biomarker record from the East Greenland Shelf (73°N), which provides new insights into the seaice variability and accompanying phytoplankton productivity over the past 5.2 ka. Our IP25 based sea-ice reconstructions and the inferred PIP25 index do not reflect the wide-spread late Holocene Neoglacial cooling trend that follows the decreasing solar insolation pattern, which we relate to the strong influence of the polar EGC on the East Greenland Shelf throughout the studied time interval. However, our reconstructions reveal several oscillations with increasing/decreasing sea-ice concentrations that are linked to the known late Holocene climate cold/warm phases, i.e. the Roman Warm Period, Dark Ages Cold Period, Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age. Shifts in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) regime seem to have triggered the short-term variability in sea-ice extent on the East Greenland Shelf. Furthermore, we identify a cyclicity of 73-74 years in sea-ice algae and phytoplankton productivity over the last 1.2 ka.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Geochemical biomarker analyses on sediment core PS2641-4 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Keywords: 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene per unit sediment mass; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane per unit sediment mass; 24-ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; AGE; ARK-X/2; AWI_Paleo; Calculated; Carbon, organic, total; DEPTH, sediment/rock; East Greenland Sea; Element analyser CHN, LECO CNS 2000; Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Gravity corer (Kiel type); Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Phytoplankton biomarker Brassicasterol IP25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker Dinosterol IP25 index; Polarstern; PS2641-4; PS31; PS31/154; SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3241 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Geochemical biomarker analyses on sediment core PS2641-5 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Keywords: 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene per unit sediment mass; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane per unit sediment mass; 24-ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; AGE; ARK-X/2; AWI_Paleo; Calculated; Carbon, organic, total; DEPTH, sediment/rock; East Greenland Sea; Element analyser CHN, LECO CNS 2000; Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Giant box corer; GKG; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Phytoplankton biomarker Brassicasterol IP25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker Dinosterol IP25 index; Polarstern; PS2641-5; PS31; PS31/154
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1035 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Geochemical biomarker analyses on sediment core MSM05/3_343310-2-2 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: (9Z)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene, per unit mass total organic carbon; (9Z)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene per unit sediment mass; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane per unit sediment mass; 24-ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; AWI_Paleo; Baffin Bay; Carbon, organic, total; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Maria S. Merian; MSM05/3; MSM05/3_343310-2-2; MUC; MultiCorer; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Phytoplankton biomarker Brassicasterol IP25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker C25 HBI (Z) triene IP25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker Dinosterol IP25 index
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 135 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Geochemical biomarker analyses on sediment core MSM05/3_343310-5-1 (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: (9Z)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene, per unit mass total organic carbon; (9Z)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene per unit sediment mass; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane per unit sediment mass; 24-ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; AWI_Paleo; Baffin Bay; Carbon, organic, total; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GC; Gravity corer; Maria S. Merian; MSM05/3; MSM05/3_343310-5-1; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Phytoplankton biomarker Brassicasterol IP25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker C25 HBI (Z) triene IP25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker Dinosterol IP25 index
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2131 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Biomarkers of sediment core MSM05/3_343310-5-1, extracted by ultrasonication (US) (2020)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: (9E)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene, per unit mass total organic carbon; (9E)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene per unit sediment mass; (9Z)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene, per unit mass total organic carbon; (9Z)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene per unit sediment mass; 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene per unit sediment mass; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyl)pentadecane per unit sediment mass; 24-ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol per unit sediment mass; Accelerated Solvent Extractor; Baffin Bay; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GC; Gravity corer; Maria S. Merian; MSM05/3; MSM05/3_343310-5-1; ultrasonication; Ultrasonication; US
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 320 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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