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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Distribution and role of microprotozoa in the Southern Ocean : = Verteilung und Einfluß von herbivoren Protozoen auf Phytoplanktonbestände und Vertikalflüsse im Südpolarmeer (1997)
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Forschungsbericht ; Südpolarmeer ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Antarktis ; Polarmeer ; Mikroplankton ; Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilung ; Südpolarmeer ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Antarktis ; Polarmeer ; Mikroplankton ; Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilung ; Phytoplankton ; Südpolarmeer
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 119 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 253
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/238836916.pdf
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/238836916.pdf
    RVK:
    RZ 95507
    RVK:
    RY 20075
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 105 - 119 , Intermediärsprache: Deutsch , Teilw. zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 1996
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry models (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 11 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Ecosystem processes are important determinants of the biogeochemistry of the ocean, and they can be profoundly affected by changes in climate. Ocean models currently express ecosystem processes through empirically derived parameterizations that tightly link key geochemical tracers to ocean physics. The explicit inclusion of ecosystem processes in models will permit ecological changes to be taken into account, and will allow us to address several important questions, including the causes of observed glacial–interglacial changes in atmospheric trace gases and aerosols, and how the oceanic uptake of CO2 is likely to change in the future. There is an urgent need to assess our mechanistic understanding of the environmental factors that exert control over marine ecosystems, and to represent their natural complexity based on theoretical understanding. We present a prototype design for a Dynamic Green Ocean Model (DGOM) based on the identification of (a) key plankton functional types that need to be simulated explicitly to capture important biogeochemical processes in the ocean; (b) key processes controlling the growth and mortality of these functional types and hence their interactions; and (c) sources of information necessary to parameterize each of these processes within a modeling framework. We also develop a strategy for model evaluation, based on simulation of both past and present mean state and variability, and identify potential sources of validation data for each. Finally, we present a DGOM-based strategy for addressing key questions in ocean biogeochemistry. This paper thus presents ongoing work in ocean biogeochemical modeling, which, it is hoped will motivate international collaborations to improve our understanding of the role of the ocean in the climate system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.1004.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Data base on pelagic ciliates grazing and growth rate as a function of size, prey size and type compiled from the literature (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Microzooplankton (the 20 to 200 µm size class of zooplankton) is recognised as an important part of marine pelagic ecosystems. In terms of biomass and abundance pelagic ciliates are one of the important groups of organism in microzooplankton. However, their rates - grazing and growth - , feeding behaviour and prey preferences are poorly known and understood. A set of data was assembled in order to derive a better understanding of pelagic ciliates rates, in response to parameters such as prey concentration, prey type (size and species), temperature and their own size. With these objectives, literature was searched for laboratory experiments with information on one or more of these parameters effect studied. The criteria for selection and inclusion in the database included: (i) controlled laboratory experiment with a known ciliates feeding on a known prey; (ii) presence of ancillary information about experimental conditions, used organisms - cell volume, cell dimensions, and carbon content. Rates and ancillary information were measured in units that meet the experimenter need, creating a need to harmonize the data units after collection. In addition different units can link to different mechanisms (carbon to nutritive quality of the prey, volume to size limits). As a result, grazing rates are thus available as pg C/(ciliate*h), µm**3/(ciliate*h) and prey cell/(ciliate*h); clearance rate was calculated if not given and growth rate is expressed as the growth rate per day.
    Keywords: EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 1.4 MBytes
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  • 4
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    Particulate Thorium-234 (Th-234), organic carbon (POC) and organic nitrogen (PON) concentrations using in-situ pumps (particles 〉53 µm) during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXVIII/3 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Keywords: ANT-XXVIII/3; AWI_MarGeoChem; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio, standard deviation; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Elevation of event; Event label; In situ pump; ISP; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Marine Geochemistry @ AWI; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Nitrogen, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio; Nitrogen, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio, standard deviation; Polarstern; PS79; PS79/057-5; PS79/069-4; PS79/081-3; PS79/084-11; PS79/091-10; PS79/139-13; PS79/174-17; South Atlantic Ocean; Thorium-234, particulate; Thorium-234, particulate, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 154 data points
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  • 5
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    POC/Th-234 and PON/Th-234 ratios, POC and PON export fluxes measured with sediment traps during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXVIII/3 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Keywords: ANT-XXVIII/3; AWI_MarGeoChem; Carbon, organic, particulate, flux; Carbon, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio, standard deviation; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Duration; Elevation of event; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Marine Geochemistry @ AWI; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, flux; Nitrogen, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio; Nitrogen, organic, particulate/Thorium-234 ratio, standard deviation; Polarstern; PS79; PS79/086-4; PS79/087-1; PS79/091-3; PS79/098-1; PS79/100-1; PS79/114-1; PS79/128-12; PS79/136-11; PS79/137-1; PS79/139-1; PS79/140-1; South Atlantic Ocean; Trap, sediment; TRAPS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 139 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Data base on heterotrophic dinoflagellates grazing and growth rate as a function of size, prey size and type compiled from the literature (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Microzooplankton (the 20 to 200 µm size class of zooplankton) is recognised as an important part of marine pelagic ecosystems. In terms of biomass and abundance heterotrophic dinoflagellates are one of the important groups of organism in microzooplankton. However, their rates - grazing and growth - , feeding behaviour and prey preferences are poorly known and understood. A set of data was assembled in order to derive a better understanding of heterotrophic dinoflagellates rates, in response to parameters such as prey concentration, prey type (size and species), temperature and their own size. With these objectives, literature was searched for laboratory experiments with information on one or more of these parameters effect studied. The criteria for selection and inclusion in the database included: (i) controlled laboratory experiment with a known dinoflagellate feeding on a known prey; (ii) presence of ancillary information about experimental conditions, used organisms - cell volume, cell dimensions, and carbon content. Rates and ancillary information were measured in units that meet the experimenter need, creating a need to harmonize the data units after collection. In addition different units can link to different mechanisms (carbon to nutritive quality of the prey, volume to size limits). As a result, grazing rates are thus available as pg C dinoflagellate-1 h-1, µm3 dinoflagellate-1 h-1 and prey cell dinoflagellate-1 h-1; clearance rate was calculated if not given and growth rate is expressed as the growth rate per day.
    Keywords: EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 425.4 kBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Abundance and biomass of protozooplankton from the iron-induced phytoplankton bloom during the EisenEx experiment in 2000 in the Southern Ocean (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Henjes, Joachim; Assmy, Philipp; Klaas, Christine; Smetacek, Victor (2007): Response of the larger protozooplankton to an iron-induced phytoplankton bloom in the Polar Frontal Zone of the Southern Ocean (EisenEx). Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 54(5), 774-791, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2007.02.005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: The responses of larger (〉50 µm in diameter) protozooplankton groups to a phytoplankton bloom induced by in situ iron fertilization (EisenEx) in the Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ) of the Southern Ocean in austral spring are presented. During the 21 days of the experiment, samples were collected from seven discrete depths in the upper 150 m inside and outside the fertilized patch for the enumeration of acantharia, foraminifera, radiolaria, heliozoa, tintinnid ciliates and aplastidic thecate dinoflagellates. Inside the patch, acantharian numbers increased twofold, but only negligibly in surrounding waters. This finding is of major interest, since acantharia are suggested to be involved in the formation of barite (BaSO_4 ) found in sediments and which is a palaeoindicator of both ancient and modern high productivity regimes. Foraminifera increased significantly in abundance inside and outside the fertilized patch. However the marked increase of juveniles after a full moon event suggests a lunar periodicity in the reproduction cycle of some foraminiferan species rather than a reproductive response to enhanced food availability. In contrast, adult radiolaria showed no clear trend during the experiment, but juveniles increased threefold indicating elevated reproduction. Aplastidic thecate dinoflagellates almost doubled in numbers and biomass, but also increased outside the patch. Tintinnid numbers decreased twofold, although biomass remained constant due to a shift in the size spectrum. Empty tintinnid loricae, however, increased by a factor of two indicating that grazing pressure on this group mainly by copepods intensified during EisenEx. The results show that iron-fertilization experiments can shed light on the biology and the role of these larger protists in pelagic ecosystem which will improve their use as proxies in palaeoceanography.
    Keywords: ANT-XVIII/2; CTD/Rosette; CTD11; CTD118; CTD121; CTD125; CTD130; CTD146; CTD15; CTD150; CTD19; CTD47; CTD52; CTD55; CTD58; CTD64; CTD67; CTD71; CTD75; CTD88; CTD-RO; EisenEx; European Iron Enrichment Experiment in the Southern Ocean; Polarstern; PS58/009-6; PS58/011-3; PS58/012-4; PS58/014-6; PS58/038-7; PS58/041-5; PS58/042-5; PS58/043-4; PS58/045-9; PS58/046-5; PS58/048-5; PS58/049-5; PS58/061-3; PS58/088-7; PS58/090-2; PS58/091-3; PS58/092-6; PS58/107-6; PS58/108-3; PS58 EISENEX; South Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 38 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Abundance of microzooplankton determined during the EisenEx cruise ANT-XVIII/2 to the South Atlantic (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Henjes, Joachim; Assmy, Philipp; Klaas, Christine; Verity, Peter; Smetacek, Victor (2007): Response of microzooplankton (protists and small copepods) to an iron-induced phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean (EisenEx). Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 54(3), 363-384, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2006.12.004
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: The dynamics, composition and grazing impact of microzooplankton were studied during the in situ iron fertilisation experiment EisenEx in the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone in austral spring (November 2000). During the 21 day experiment, protozooplankton and small metazooplankton were sampled from the mixed layer inside and outside the patch using Niskin bottles. Aplastidic dinoflagellates increased threefold in abundance and biomass in the first 10 d of the experiment, but decreased thereafter to values twofold higher than pre-fertilisation values. The decline after day 10 is attributed to increasing grazing pressure by copepods. They also constrained ciliate abundances and biomass which were higher inside the fertilised patch than outside but highly variable. Copepod nauplii abundance also remained stable whereas biomass doubled. Numbers of copepodites and adults of small copepod species increased threefold inside the patch, but doubled in surrounding waters. Grazing rates estimated using the dilution method suggest that microzooplankton grazing constrained pico- and nanoplankton populations, but species capable of feeding on large diatoms (dinoflagellates and small copepods including possibly nauplii) were selectively predated by the metazoan community. Thus, iron fertilisation of a developing spring phytoplankton assemblage resulted in a trophic cascade which favoured dominance of the bloom by large diatoms.
    Keywords: ANT-XVIII/2; CTD/Rosette; CTD117; CTD123; CTD126; CTD128; CTD145; CTD149; CTD16; CTD18; CTD45; CTD51; CTD54; CTD57; CTD61; CTD66; CTD70; CTD74; CTD87; CTD9; CTD-RO; EisenEx; European Iron Enrichment Experiment in the Southern Ocean; Polarstern; PS58/009-2; PS58/011-1; PS58/012-5; PS58/014-4; PS58/038-3; PS58/041-2; PS58/042-2; PS58/043-2; PS58/045-2; PS58/046-3; PS58/048-3; PS58/049-3; PS58/061-1; PS58/088-4; PS58/090-4; PS58/091-4; PS58/092-3; PS58/107-5; PS58/108-1; PS58 EISENEX; South Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 38 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Abundance of non-diatom phytoplankton measured on water bottle samples at station PS58/088-4
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: ANT-XVIII/2; CTD/Rosette; CTD117; CTD-RO; DEPTH, water; Dinoflagellates, autotrophic; EisenEx; European Iron Enrichment Experiment in the Southern Ocean; Mesoporos perforatus; Polarstern; Prorocentrum spp.; PS58/088-4; PS58 EISENEX; Quantitative phytoplankton method (Utermöhl, 1958); South Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 70 data points
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  • 10
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    Diatom abundance counted on water bottle samples from the EisenEx cruise to the Southern Ocean
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Assmy, Philipp; Henjes, Joachim; Klaas, Christine; Smetacek, Victor (2007): Mechanisms determining species dominance in a phytoplankton bloom induced by the iron fertilization experiment EisenEx in the Southern Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 54(3), 340-362, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2006.12.005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The dynamics of phytoplankton species populations recorded during the 3-week, iron-fertilization experiment EisenEx carried out in spring in the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone are presented and discussed as the difference between growth and mortality rates. Only two cosmopolitan diatom species, the centric Chaetoceros debilis and the pennate Pseudo-nitzschia lineola, increased population density exponentially throughout the experiment to 150-fold and 90-fold of initial values respectively. Because C. debilis initial abundance was tenfold lower than that of P. lineola, the two contributed 1 % and 21 % to bloom biomass respectively at the end of the experiment, high-lighting the role of seeding in bloom formation. The other significant species increased population size at a linear rate throughout the experiment or for a short spurt phase to 3 to 18-fold of initial values. Conservative estimates of mortality rates within diatom species populations were obtained by comparing net accumulation rates of full cells with those of empty and broken frustules. The ratios were consistent over time for the various species but varied widely between them. The species-specific variation can be explained by differences in both growth and mortality rates, the latter partly due to either selective grazing or avoidance by the large protozoo- and metazooplankton populations present. Selective predation by the abundant copepod populations on protistan grazers (ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates) of diatoms apparently aided diatom biomass build-up. The response patterns of populations of the phytoplankton species present fall into 6 categories comprising disparate species, indicating that phylogeny is a poor predictor of ecology. The group that did not respond to fertilization was the most diverse and included both endemic and cosmopolitan as well as background and bloom-forming species. This lack of response to the advent of favorable growth conditions indicates that proximate factors during EisenEx triggered growth only in some species but had little effect on others. We attribute the differences in behavior to ultimate factors such as seasonal effects on life cycles and other internal constraints on growth rates. The implications for our understanding of the evolutionary ecology of phytoplankton and its impact on global biogeochemical cycles are pointed out.
    Keywords: ANT-XVIII/2; CTD/Rosette; CTD117; CTD123; CTD126; CTD128; CTD145; CTD149; CTD16; CTD18; CTD45; CTD51; CTD54; CTD57; CTD61; CTD66; CTD70; CTD74; CTD88; CTD9; CTD-RO; EisenEx; European Iron Enrichment Experiment in the Southern Ocean; Polarstern; PS58/009-2; PS58/011-3; PS58/012-5; PS58/014-4; PS58/038-3; PS58/041-2; PS58/042-2; PS58/043-2; PS58/045-2; PS58/046-3; PS58/048-3; PS58/049-3; PS58/061-3; PS58/088-4; PS58/090-4; PS58/091-4; PS58/092-3; PS58/107-5; PS58/108-1; PS58 EISENEX; South Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 95 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
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