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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The measurement of radiation doses from P32 chromic phosphate therapy of the peritoneum using SPECT (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 11 (1985), S. 305-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Radiation doses ; Therapy ; SPECT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has been shown to be of value in estimating the radiation dose to the peritoneum from 32P therapy. Simple dosimetry calculations, assuming uniform irradiation of tissue, indicate that radiation doses of ∼40 Gy to the peritoneal surface are achieved. However, the images show that the radionuclide distribution is non-uniform, giving rise to radiation dose variations of at least a factor of 10.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252342
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative single-photon emission tomography for tumour blood flow measurement in bronchial carcinoma (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 20 (1993), S. 591-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Quantitative single-photon emission tomography ; Tumour blood flow ; Bronchial carcinoma ; Technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A single-photon emission tomography (SPET) technique for the absolute measurement of tumour perfusion is described. Phantom studies have shown that source-background ratios are dependent upon source size and radial position within the phantom. A means of correcting source-background count ratios for these variables has been developed and used to correct tumour-lung ratios obtained in 28 patients with bronchial carcinomas who underwent technetium-99m hexamethyl-propylene amine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) SPET. On SPET images, the normal lung appears as a relatively homogeneous background. The relationship between 99mTc background concentration (kBq/ml) and counts/pixel was determined from phantom studies and the tumour 99mTc concentration from the background 99mTc concentration and corrected tumour-lung ratio. The total activity of the lipophilic 99mTc-HMPAO species injected was measured. The activity reaching the systemic circulation (A sys) was obtained by subtracting the activity trapped in the pulmonary circulation (obtained from background 99mTc concentration and lung volume). Tumour blood flow may then be calculated from fraction of A sys contained in the tumour provided cardiac output and extraction fraction are known. Blood flow through the central region of tumours ranged from zero to 59.0 (mean 14.1) ml min−1 100 g−1 and through the whole tumour from 0.6 to 68.0 (mean 20.6) ml min−1 100 g−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176553
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dosimetry of iodine 131 metaiodobenzylguanidine for treatment of resistant neuroblastoma: results of a UK study (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 18 (1991), S. 308-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Neuroblastoma ; Iodine 131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-mIBG) ; Dosimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 1987, the United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group (UKCCSG) set up a multi-centre study to investigate the toxicity of iodine 131 metaiodobenzyl-guanidine (mIBG) in the treatment of resistant neuroblastoma. Since December 1987, 25 children suffering from neuroblastoma have been treated with131I-mIBG at six UK centres. All centres followed standardised physics and clinical protocols to provide consistent toxicity and dosimetry data. These protocols describe the methods employed for both the tracer study using131I-mIBG and the subsequent therapy. Whole-body dosimetry calculations were performed on data from the tracer study. The activity administered for therapy was the amount predicted to deliver a predefined whole-body dose. Estimates of doses delivered to various organs during treatment are given in Table 1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02285457
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Image quantification with a large area multiwire proportional chamber positron camera (MUP-PET) (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 15 (1989), S. 694-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Positron emission tomography ; Large area detectors ; Quantification ; Attenuation correction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A large area multi wire proportional chamber positron camera system is under evaluation for clinical Nuclear Medicine investigation using isotopes both from in house generators (68Ga) and from remote cyclotrons (18F,124I,64Cu and81Rb). Images are reconstructed using a fully three dimensional (3D) algorithm and exhibit equal resolution in all three orthogonal directions. The axial field of view of 15 cm is large enough to allow coverage of the whole brain. This paper discusses the performance of the MUP-PET system with particular emphasis on quantification and the development of an attenuation correction scheme for a large area detector system. The distribution of scattered and accidental events is investigated and observed to contribute a fairly uniform background to the image. Dead time correction factors are calculated from an analytical expression obtained by considering the various sources of dead time present in the system. Following correction for atternuation, accidentals, scattered events and dead time, reconstructed phantom images show a strong linear correlation (r=0.998) between count density and regional isotope concentration. The extension of the methods to clinical studies is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00631759
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anatomically derived attenuation coefficients for use in quantitative single photon emission tomography studies of the thorax (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 19 (1992), S. 36-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Attenuation coefficient ; Quantitative single photon emission tomography (SPET) ; Thoracic SPET
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Elimination of errors due to poor attenuation correction is an essential part of any quantitative single photon emission tomography (SPET) technique. Attenuation coefficients (μTc) for use in attenuation correction of SPET data were determined using technetium 99m and cobalt 57 flood sources and using topographical information obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance (MR) images. In patients with carcinoma of the bronchus, the mean attenuation coefficient for 99mTc was 0.096 cm−1 when determined across a transverse section of the thorax at the level of the tumour by means of a 57CO flood source (13 patients) and 0.093 and 0.074 cm−1 as determined from CT scans for points in the centre of the tumour and contralateral normal lung, respectively (21 patients). In 18 patients with breast tumours, the mean attenuation coefficient for 99mTc was 0.110 and 0.076 cm−1 when determined from MRI cross-sections for points in the centre of the tumour and normal contralateral lung, respectively. This indicates significant overcorrection for attenuation when the conventional value of 0.12 cm−1 is used. A value in the range 0.08–0.09 cm−1 would be more appropriate for SPET studies of the thorax. An alternative approach to quantitative region of interest (ROI) analysis is to perform attenuation correction appropriate to the centre of each ROI (using topographical information derived from CT or MRI) on non-attenuation-corrected reconstructions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00178306
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radionuclide therapy dose calculations: what accuracy can be achieved? (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 1462-1464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002590050174
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An instrument for checking the radioactivity in shielded syringes (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 5 (1980), S. 23-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A description is given of an instrument that can be used for checking, to within ten percent, the radioactivity in shielded syringes. The unit is simple in design and construction and easy to use. The lead shield of the syringe does not have to be removed, since only radiation emitted along the direction of the barrel is detected. A range of syringe sizes can be accommodated and, whilst the instrument is calibrated for 99Tcm with activities in the range 1–10 mCi, both higher and lower activities and other radionuclides can be used. Each measurement takes only a few seconds and the activity of radiopharmaceuticals can be routinely checked immediately before injection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261202
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