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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lower slope morphology of the Sumatra trench system (2008)
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    In: Basin research, Oxford [u.a.] : Blackwell, 1988, 20(2008), 4, Seite 519-529, 0950-091X
    In: volume:20
    In: year:2008
    In: number:4
    In: pages:519-529
    Description / Table of Contents: At convergent margins, the structure of the subducting oceanic plate is one of the key factors controlling the morphology of the upper plate. We use high-resolution seafloor mapping and multichannel seismic reflection data along the accretionary Sumatra trench system to investigate the morphotectonic response of the upper plate to the subduction of lower plate fabric. Upper plate segmentation is reflected in varying modes of mass transfer. The deformation front in the southern Enggano segment is characterized by neotectonic formation of a broad and shallow fold-and-thrust belt consistent with the resumption of frontal sediment accretion in the wake of oceanic relief subduction. Conversely, surface erosion increasingly shapes the morphology of the lower slope and accretionary prism towards the north where significant oceanic relief is subducted. Subduction of the Investigator Fracture Zone and the fossil Wharton spreading centre in the Siberut segment exemplifies this. Such features also correlate with an irregularly trending deformation front suggesting active frontal erosion of the upper plate. Lower plate fabric extensively modulates upper plate morphology and the large-scale morphotectonic segmentation of the Sumatra trench system is linked to the subduction of reactivated fracture zones and aseismic ridges of the Wharton Basin. In general, increasing intensity of mass-wasting processes, from south to north, correlates with the extent of oversteepening of the lower slope (lower slope angle of 3.8° in the south compared with 7.6° in the north), probably in response to alternating phases of frontal accretion and sediment underthrusting. Accretionary mechanics thus pose a second-order factor in shaping upper plate morphology near the trench.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: graph. Darst
    ISSN: 0950-091X
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2008.00381.x
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sunda-Banda arc transition : incipient continent-island arc collision (northwest Australia) (2009)
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    In: Geophysical research letters, Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 1974, 36(2009), 1944-8007
    In: volume:36
    In: year:2009
    In: extent:6
    Description / Table of Contents: The eastern Sunda arc represents one of the few regions globally where the early stages of continent-arc collision can be studied. We studied along the western limit of the collision zone at the Sunda-Banda arc transition, where the Australian margin collides with the Banda island arc, causing widespread back arc thrusting. We present integrated results of a refraction/wide-angle reflection tomography, gravity modeling, and multichannel reflection seismic imaging using data acquired in 2006 southeast of Sumba Island. The composite structural model reveals the previously unresolved deep geometry of the collision zone. Changes in crustal structure encompass the 10-12 km thick Australian basement in the south and the 22-24 km thick Sumba ridge in the north, where backthrusting of the 130 km wide accretionary prism is documented. The structural diversity along this transect could be characteristic of young collisional systems at the transition from oceanic subduction to continent-arc collision.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 6 , graph. Darst
    ISSN: 1944-8007
    DOI: 10.1029/2009GL037533
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Lower plate structure and upper plate deformational segmentation at the Sunda-Banda arc transition, Indonesia (2010)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 115 (B8). B08107.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-27
    Description: The Sunda‐Banda arc transition at the eastern termination of the Sunda margin (Indonesia) represents a unique natural laboratory to study the effects of lower plate variability on upper plate deformational segmentation. Neighboring margin segments display a high degree of structural diversity of the incoming plate (transition from an oceanic to a continental lower plate, presence/absence of an oceanic plateau, variability of subducting seafloor morphology) as well as a wide range of corresponding fore‐arc structures, including a large sedimentary basin and an accretionary prism/outer arc high of variable size and shape. Here, we present results of a combined analysis of seismic wide‐angle refraction, multichannel streamer and gravity data recorded in two trench normal corridors located offshore the islands of Lombok (116°E) and Sumba (119°E). On the incoming plate, the results reveal a 8.6–9.0 km thick oceanic crust, which is progressively faulted and altered when approaching the trench, where upper mantle velocities are reduced to ∼7.5 km/s. The outer arc high, located between the trench and the fore‐arc basin, is characterized by sedimentary‐type velocities (Vp 〈 5.5 km/s) down to the top of the subducting slab (∼13 km depth). The oceanic slab can be traced over 70–100 km distance beneath the fore arc. A shallow serpentinized mantle wedge at ∼16 km depth offshore Lombok is absent offshore Sumba, where our models reveal the transition to the collisional regime farther to the east and to the Sumba block in the north. Our results allow a detailed view into the complex structure of both the deeper and shallower portions of the eastern Sunda margin.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2009JB006713
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Lower slope morphology of the Sumatra trench system (2008)
    Wiley
    In:  Basin Research, 20 (4). pp. 519-529.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Description: At convergent margins, the structure of the subducting oceanic plate is one of the key factors controlling the morphology of the upper plate. We use high-resolution seafloor mapping and multichannel seismic reflection data along the accretionary Sumatra trench system to investigate the morphotectonic response of the upper plate to the subduction of lower plate fabric. Upper plate segmentation is reflected in varying modes of mass transfer. The deformation front in the southern Enggano segment is characterized by neotectonic formation of a broad and shallow fold-and-thrust belt consistent with the resumption of frontal sediment accretion in the wake of oceanic relief subduction. Conversely, surface erosion increasingly shapes the morphology of the lower slope and accretionary prism towards the north where significant oceanic relief is subducted. Subduction of the Investigator Fracture Zone and the fossil Wharton spreading centre in the Siberut segment exemplifies this. Such features also correlate with an irregularly trending deformation front suggesting active frontal erosion of the upper plate. Lower plate fabric extensively modulates upper plate morphology and the large-scale morphotectonic segmentation of the Sumatra trench system is linked to the subduction of reactivated fracture zones and aseismic ridges of the Wharton Basin. In general, increasing intensity of mass-wasting processes, from south to north, correlates with the extent of oversteepening of the lower slope (lower slope angle of 3.8 degrees in the south compared with 7.6 degrees in the north), probably in response to alternating phases of frontal accretion and sediment underthrusting. Accretionary mechanics thus pose a second-order factor in shaping upper plate morphology near the trench.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2008.00381.x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Bathymetry of the Indonesian Sunda margin-relating morphological features of the upper plate slopes to the location and extent of the seismogenic zone (2010)
    Copernicus Publications
    In:  Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 10 (9). pp. 1899-1911.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Earthquake history shows that the Sunda subduction zone of the Indonesian margin produces great earthquakes offshore Sumatra, whereas earthquakes of comparable magnitude are lacking offshore Java and the Lesser Sunda islands. Morphological structures in multibeam bathymetric data across the forearc relate with the extent of the seismogenic zone. Its updip limit corresponds to the slope break, most distinct off Java and Lesser Sunda islands, where we find coincident narrow, uniform, continuous outer arc ridges. Their landward termination and a shallow upper plate mantle mark the downdip limit of the seismogenic zone. In contrast the outer arc ridges off Sumatra are wider and partly elevated above sea level forming the forearc islands. The downdip limit of the seismogenic zone coincides with a deeper upper plate mantle. Sunda Strait marks a transition zone between the Sumatra and Java margins. We find the differences along the Sunda margin, especially the wider extent of the seismogenic zone off Sumatra, producing larger earthquakes, to result from the interaction of different age and subduction direction of the oceanic plate. We attribute a major role to the sediment income and continental/oceanic upper plate nature of Sumatra/Java influencing the composition and deformation style along the forearc and subduction fault.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/nhess-10-1899-2010
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Structure, evolution and tectonic activity of the eastern Sunda forearc, Indonesia, from marine seismic investigations (2011)
    Elsevier
    In:  Tectonophysics, 508 (1-4). pp. 6-21. Date online first: 2011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Forearc structures of the eastern Sunda Arc are studied by new multichannel reflection seismic profiling. We image a high along-strike variability of the subducting oceanic plate, the interface between subducting and overriding plate, the accretionary wedge, the outer arc high and forearc basins. We highlight ongoing tectonic activity of the entire outer arc high: active out-of-sequence thrust faults connecting the plate interface with the seafloor, slope basins showing tilted sedimentary sequences on the outer arc high, vertical displacement of young seafloor sediments, and tilted sedimentary sequences in the Lombok forearc basin. While frontal accretion plays a minor role, the growth of the outer arc high is mainly attributed to oceanic sediments and crustal fragments, which are attached to the base of the upper plate and recycled within the forearc. We image ongoing large-scale duplex formation of the oceanic crust. The incoming oceanic crust is dissected by normal faulting into 5–10 km wide blocks within a 50–70 km wide belt seaward of the deep sea trench. These blocks determine the geometry and evolution of duplexes attached to the base of the overriding plate landward of the trench. Long-lasting and ongoing subsidence of the Lombok Basin is documented by distinct seismic sequences. In the Lombok Basin we image mud diapirs, fed from deeply buried sediments which may have been mobilized by rising fluids. We propose a wrench fault system in the eastern Lombok forearc basin that decouples the subduction regime of the Sunda Arc from the continent–island arc collision regime of the western Banda Arc. The observed tectonic activity of the entire forearc system reflects a high earthquake and tsunami hazard, similar to the western part of the Sunda Arc.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2010.06.008
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    The Sunda-Banda Arc Transition: New Insights From Marine Multichannel seismic data (2007)
    In:  [Poster] In: AGU-Jahrestagung, 10.-14.12, San Francisco, USA .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Poster
  • 8
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    Subduction system variability across the segment boundary of the 2004/2005 Sumatra megathrust earthquakes (2013)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 365 . pp. 108-119.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Subduction zone earthquakes are known to create segmented patches of co-seismic rupture along-strike of a margin. Offshore Sumatra, repeated rupture occurred within segments bounded by permanent barriers, whose origin however is still not fully understood. In this study we image the structural variations across the rupture segment boundary between the Mw 9.1 December 26, 2004 and the Mw 8.6 March 28, 2005 Sumatra earthquakes. A set of collocated reflection and wide-angle seismic profiles are available on both sides of the segment boundary, located offshore Simeulue Island. We present the results of the seismic tomography modeling of wide-angle ocean bottom data, enhanced with MCS data and gravity modeling for the southern 2005 segment of the margin and compare it to the published model for the 2004 northern segment. Our study reveals principal differences in the structure of the subduction system north and south of the segment boundary, attributed to the subduction of 96°E fracture zone. The key differences include a change in the crustal thickness of the oceanic plate, a decrease in the amount of sediment in the trench as well as variations in the morphology and volume of the accretionary prism. These differences suggest that the 96°E fracture zone acts as an efficient barrier in the trench parallel sediment transport, as well as a divider between oceanic crustal blocks of different structure. The variability of seismic behavior is caused by the distinct changes in the morphology of the subduction complex across the boundary related to the difference in the sediment supply.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.12.032
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  • 9
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    Earthquakes: Tear in the subducting ocanic plate limits propagation of December 2004 and March 2005 mega-thrusts (2007)
    In:  [Talk] In: GV-Jahrestagung, 01.-05.10, Bremen .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-23
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Crustal structure of the Sunda-Banda arc transition: results from marine geophysical investigations offshore eastern Indonesia (2009)
    In:  [Talk] In: EGU General Assembly, 19.04.-24.04, Vienna, Austria .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-06
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Talk
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