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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 40 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: A community sample of depressed and well mothers, recruited at 2 months postpartum and assessed through to 18 months, was followed up at 5 years. The quality of mother-child interactions was assessed, as was the children's behavioural and social adjustment, using maternal reports and observations of child behaviour during free play at school. Several aspects of child outcome were found to be associated with postnatal depression, even when taking account of current adverse circumstances (maternal depression and parental conflict). These included the child's behaviour with the mother, the presence of behavioural disturbance at home, and the content and social patterning of play at school. These associations with postnatal depression were independent of the child's gender. The child's relationship with the mother appeared to be mediated by the quality of infant attachment at 18 months. The mother's behaviour with her child was more affected by current difficulties, in particular by conflict with the child's father. Together these findings suggest that, while maternal behaviour varies with changing circumstances, exposure to maternal depression in the early postpartum months may have an enduring influence on child psychological adjustment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 37 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: As part of a longitudinal study of the influence of postnatal depression on child development, the cognitive functioning of index and control children was assessed at age 5 years. There was no evidence of an adverse effect of postnatal depression, even amongst sub-groups of children suggested to be vulnerable (boys and children from low SES families). However, early experience of insensitive maternal interactions predicted the persistence of poorer cognitive functioning. A number of factors in the child's current environment, including stimulation at home, social class and, for boys, the experience of schooling, contributed to cognitive performance. The findings are considered in relation to the ongoing debate on sensitive periods.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 42 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin , Psychologie
    Notizen: Studies of cognitive vulnerability to depression in young children have, in the main, relied on self-report questionnaires (e.g. of self-esteem, attributional style). They have failed to produce convincing evidence of a cognitive vulnerability to depression in children under 8 years. In the current study latent depressive cognitions were investigated in the 5-year-old children (N= 94) of depressed and well mothers in a situation of mild stress, that is, the threat of losing a card deal in a modified version of the competitive children's card game “Snap”. In the context of “losing”, but not “winning”, deals, children who had been exposed to maternal depression, either in the previous 12 months or at any other time during their lifetime, were more likely than nonexposed children to express depressive cognitions (hopelessness, pessimism, and low self-worth). The association between depressive cognitions and recent exposure to maternal depression was in part accounted for by current maternal hostility to the child. The results of this study stand in contrast to those of studies which have used questionnaire methods to assess vulnerability to depressive cognitions in this age group. They suggest that it might be important to employ ecologically realistic situations to access latent self-cognitions in young children; and they underscore the importance, increasingly evident in research with adults and older children, of employing methods that involve the induction of low mood in order to elicit cognitions relevant to depression.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 190 (1961), S. 231-232 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] WE have previously1 distinguished two types of gambling situation. In one, the player's skill may, if he so decides, affect his success or failure ; in the other, his skill (or what he believes to be his skill) is confined to making the choice, and once his choice is made, he is unable to do ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 284 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 196 (1962), S. 1233-1234 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The subjects travelled in groups of five or ten, in a closed van which precluded all visual cues of the route, or blindfold in a saloon car. A bell was rung at approximately the temporal mid-point of the journey. When the vehicle stopped at the end of the journey, the subjects estimated the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 196 (1962), S. 360-361 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] INFORMATION theory has had its chief impact on psychology in relation to studies of channel capacity and analysis. In this article we consider another psychological aspect of information theory, namely, the determination of the subjective value of a bit . (1) Subjects were given a page on which ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 113 (1982), S. 337-343 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: When primary baby mouse skin (BMS) cultures were subcultured for 48 hours into media containing 10-6 to 10-7 M colchicine or demecolcine, the number of altered cell foci appearing after 3-4 weeks' maintenance at 36°C was substantially enhanced over drug-free controls. This applied whether or not the primary cultures had been irradiated with white fluorescent light. The additional presence of cytochalasin D and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-l3-acetate (TPA) sometimes improved and sometimes partly suppressed the enhancing effect of the antitubulin drugs, and these drugs were omitted for reproducible focus enhancement. The enhancement depended on passage through DNA synthesis in presence of colchicine, which did not prevent concurrent or subsequent DNA synthesis but induced a substantial proportion (〉33%) to replicate in the tetraploid (4n to 8n) chromosome configuration. Another effect was to induce widespread asymmetric nuclear division, allowing the potential for chromosome loss. All these effects occurred within the first one or few cell cycles after removal of the antitubulin drugs. The results suggest that the generation of tetraploidy perhaps followed by chromosome loss may be an important factor in the rapid induction of altered cell foci. Pre-existing DNA damage is another important factor.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 113 (1982), S. 329-336 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Mesenchymal cells from primary BMS (baby mouse skin) cultures formed secondary monolayers subject to density-dependent inhibition. The monolayers remained quiescent but in good condition for 6-8 weeks if given weekly medium changes. Exposure of the primary cultures to fluorescent light and/or oxygen produced “altered” cells that gave rise in the secondary cultures to foci of up to 10 4 cells after 15 days. These foci overgrew the background BMS cells. The rate of growth, morphology, and arrangement of the altered cells varied greatly between foci but much less within a focus, which usually showed one or more characters of neoplastic cells. The initiation of foci was apparently not transmissible by an infectious agent.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 113 (1982), S. 344-349 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Long-term cell lines were readily developed from a proportion of either baby mouse skin (BMS) cultures passing through colchicine-induced crisis or altered-cell foci selected from BMS cultures exposed to light and/or oxygen followed by colchicine. The developing cell lines behaved as though they passed through a continuing, profound genetic reshuffling process, which was usually lethal but which in some cases eventually yielded a gene set that favored long-term survival. Some cell lines have passed 120 cell doublings, and none has shown a second crisis or signs of senescence. As soon after isolation as measurement was possible (19-50 days) the cell lines were predominantly or entirely tetraploid or subtetraploid. Although BMS cells and all of the cell lines were density inhibited, the BMS, C14, C21 and C23 cells overgrew (formed colonies on) monolayers of the same cells in most combinations. The cell lines retained a variety of neoplastic morphological characters, although their morphology was more normal than in the original focus. No cell line, however, showed anchorage-independent growth or formed tumors in syngeneic hosts. The cell lines may all, therefore, be regarded as preneoplastic.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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