Description: The Northeast Greenland continental shelf became one of the tipping elements in our climate system. Ongoing mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet, intensive sea-ice loss, the influence of warm, recirculating Atlantic Water towards the inner shelf, intensive bottom-melting at the underside of local marine-terminating outlet glaciers, glacier retreat and ice-sheet disintegration plays a fundamental role in terms of ongoing anthropogenic warming. Marine sediment Core PS100/270 was recovered aboard the RV Polarstern cruise PS100 in 2016 directly in front of 79NG on the inner NEG continental shelf (79°29.83'N, 18°8.40'W) in a water depth of 424 m. Chronology of the 9.51 m long Core PS100/270 is based on 13 AMS 14C ages, measured on benthic foraminifera. Sediment samples of Core PS100/270 were investigated to analyse microfossil assemblages, biomarker and bulk parameter proxy data. Additionally, the lithology, x-ray radiographs and geophysical properties (wet bulk density and magnetic susceptibility) were considered to perform a direct comparison with other records nearby e.g. PS2623. Four distinct lithofacies units were identified within this sedimentary record and are based on the, x-ray, lithology and biomarker data: stiff, overconsolidated diamiction; an indistinct/irregular laminated silty clay; a laminated silty clay and silty clay. Gravity Core PS100/270 was selected and studied in detail to reconstruct past sea-ice formation and ice-sheet dynamics, terrigenous input, primary productivity and the influence of warm, recirculating Atlantic Water on the shelf during the late Weichselian deglacial to late Holocene. The new high-resolution records presented here from the Northeast Greenland continental shelf provide helpful information about the pace of small- and large-scale climate variations, form the basis to improve future climate predictions and might serve as suitable analogue to ongoing anthropogenic warming by covering warmer periods in the past e.g. early Holocene Thermal Maximum.

Description: As an update to the RTopo-2.0.1 data set (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.856844), RTopo-2.0.4 contains new original bathymetry data for the Northeast Greenland continental shelf. In the Southern Ocean, we added the Rosier et al. (JGR Oceans, 2018) bathymetry grid below Filchner Ice Shelf. This work was supported in part through the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the Special Priority Program (SPP) 1889 "Regional Sea Level Change and Society" (grant OGreen79), the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) within the GROCE project (Grant 03F0778A), the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) large grant "Ice shelves in a warming world: Filchner Ice Shelf System" (NE/L013770/1), the NERC project "Greenland in a warmer climate: What controls the advance & retreat of the NE Greenland Ice Stream" (Grant NE/N011228/1), and the Helmholtz Climate Initiative "Regional Climate Change" (REKLIM).

Description: As an update to the Northeast Greenland - Digital Bathymetric Compilation (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.849313), the updated digital bathymetric model (DBM) for the Northeast Greenland (NEG) continental shelf (74°N - 81°N) contains new original bathymetry data for the Northeast Greenland continental shelf, specifically in front of the 79 North Glacier, recorded during R/V Polarstern expedition PS100. This work was supported in part through the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the Special Priority Program (SPP) 1889 "Regional Sea Level Change and Society" (grant OGreen79), the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) within the GROCE project (Grant 03F0778A), and the NERC project "Greenland in a warmer climate: What controls the advance & retreat of the NE Greenland Ice Stream" (Grant NE/N011228/1).

Description: The reconstruction of past ice sheet dynamics can inform on long-term ice stream activity, and in turn provide constraints on the response of modern ice sheets to climate change. The Hebrides Ice Stream (HIS) flowed across part of the western Scottish shelf to the shelf-break during the last glacial cycle. To investigate the deglacial dynamics of the HIS following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), lead (Pb) isotope records were extracted from the FeMn oxyhydroxide and detrital fractions of recovered laminated glacimarine mud sequences to monitor the changing activity of HIS during its retreat. These provide, respectively, relative timing of glacially weathered inputs to the marine environment and some source information on the eroded sediments. The FeMn oxyhydroxide fraction is dominated by pre-formed particles and shows a marked decrease from radiogenic at ~ 21 cal ka to less radiogenic Pb isotope compositions towards 15.4–13 ka. This decrease represents a reduction in the flux of subglacially-derived radiogenic Pb to the continental shelf, and it is interpreted as the result of the break-up of the ice-stream in western Scotland around that time. The Pb, Sr and Nd isotopic signatures of the detrital fraction indicate a preponderance of fine sediments originated from the NW Highlands throughout the period studied (~ 21 to 15 cal ka BP), most likely dictated by the orientation of tidal and oceanic current directions and sediment delivery. Both fractions show inversion of the 208Pb/204Pb ratio relative to the other Pb isotope ratios. This is observed only in one core site in the detrital fraction, and extended to all cores in the FeMn oxyhydroxide fraction. This behaviour highlights the influence of ocean currents in restricting the detrital but encouraging dispersal of the FeMn oxyhydroxide signal. Periodic increased contributions from a high Th/U source, potentially the neighbouring Archaean amphibolitic Lewisian basement in the Outer Hebrides, are proposed as the source of these 208Pb/204Pb inversions. This study demonstrates how geochemical investigation on continental shelves can be used to constrain the activity and flow sources of palaeo-ice streams, and the utility of combining detrital and FeMn oxyhydroxides to determine the combined influence of the continental sources of material and their dispersal in the marine environment.