Keywords:
Green chemistry.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (738 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9780128226704
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6354402
DDC:
547.2
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science: Microwaves in Organic Synthesis -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Microwave catalysis in organic synthesis -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. History -- 1.2. Early development in utilization of microwave heating for organic synthesis -- 2. Factors influencing microwave heating in organic reactions -- 2.1. Microwave heating mechanism -- 2.1.1. Dipolar polarization mechanism -- 2.1.2. Ionic conduction mechanism -- 2.2. Dielectric properties and loss tangent -- 2.3. Superheating effect -- 2.4. Interaction of microwaves with different materials -- 3. Comparison of microwave with conventional heating -- 4. Microwave-assisted catalytic organic reactions -- 4.1. Coupling reactions -- 4.1.1. Suzuki reaction (or Suzuki-Miyaura coupling) -- 4.1.2. Stille coupling reaction -- 4.1.3. Sonogashira coupling -- 4.1.4. Heck reaction -- 4.2. Microwave-assisted heterocyclic chemistry -- 4.2.1. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles -- 4.2.2. Oxygen-containing heterocycles -- 4.2.3. Sulfur-containing heterocycles -- 4.3. Multicomponent reactions -- 4.3.1. Hantzsch reaction -- 4.3.2. Ugi reaction -- 4.3.3. Biginelli reaction -- 4.3.4. Mannich reaction -- 4.3.5. Strecker reaction -- 4.4. Alkylation reactions -- 4.4.1. N-Alkylation -- 4.4.2. C-Alkylation -- 4.4.3. O-Alkylation -- 4.5. Esterification and transesterification reactions -- 5. Microwave reactors -- 6. Current challenges in microwave-assisted synthesis -- 6.1. Energy efficiency -- 6.2. Scale-up of microwave-assisted organic reactions -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Microwave-assisted CN formation reactions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. N-Arylations, N-alkylations, and related reactions -- 2.1. Palladium-catalyzed processes-Buchawald-Hartwig amination.
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2.2. Copper-catalyzed reactions-The Ullmann coupling -- 2.3. Application of other metal catalysts -- 2.4. Metal-free transformations -- 2.5. The Petasis borono-Mannich reaction -- 2.6. Three-component propargylations -- 3. Amidations -- 3.1. Direct amidations -- 3.2. Amidation by reacting esters and amines -- 3.3. Transamidations -- 3.4. Oxidative amidations -- 3.5. Miscellaneous processes -- 4. Ring-forming reactions -- 4.1. Rings with one nitrogen atom -- 4.1.1. Synthesis of three- and four-membered rings -- 4.1.2. Synthesis of five-membered rings -- 4.1.3. Six-membered and larger rings -- 4.1.4. Condensed rings: Indoles and structural isomers -- 4.1.5. Condensed rings: Quinolines and isoquinolines -- 4.1.6. Molecules with multiple rings -- 4.2. Ring systems with two nitrogen atoms -- 4.2.1. Synthesis of diazoles -- 4.2.2. Six-membered rings -- 4.2.3. Condensed rings -- 4.2.4. Molecules with multiple rings -- 4.3. Rings with three and four nitrogen atoms -- 4.3.1. Synthesis of azoles -- Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles -- Synthesis of 1,2,4-triazoles -- Synthesis of tetrazoles -- 4.3.2. Synthesis of triazines -- 4.3.3. Condensed bicyclic molecules -- 5. Polycyclic condensed ring systems with multiple nitrogen atoms -- 5.1. Molecules containing three nitrogen atoms -- 5.2. Ring systems with four and more nitrogens -- 6. Summary -- References -- Chapter 3: Microwave-assisted multicomponent reactions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Three-component reactions -- 2.1. Mannich reaction -- 2.2. Betti reaction -- 2.3. Petasis reaction -- 2.4. Kabachnik-Fields reaction -- 2.5. A3-coupling reaction -- 2.6. Povarov reaction -- 2.7. Strecker reaction -- 2.8. Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé reaction -- 2.9. Passerini reaction -- 2.10. Pauson-Khand reaction -- 2.11. Kindler reaction -- 2.12. Gewald reaction -- 2.13. Bucherer-Bergs reaction -- 2.14. Biginelli reaction.
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3. Four-component reactions -- 3.1. Ugi reactions -- 3.2. Radziszewski reaction -- 3.3. Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis -- 3.4. Kröhnke reaction -- 4. Concluding remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Catalytic, ultrasonic, and microwave-assisted synthesis of naphthoquinone derivatives by intermolecular and -- 1. Summary -- 2. Introduction -- 3. Synthesis of 2-anilino-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives -- 4. Synthesis of 2,3-dianilino)-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives -- 5. Synthesis of 2-anilino-5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives -- 6. Synthesis of indolo naphthoquinone derivatives -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Microwave-assisted condensation reactions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Conceptual principles in microwave mechanism -- 3. Microwave-assisted condensation reactions -- 3.1. Microwave-assisted multicomponent condensation reaction -- 3.1.1. Multicomponent synthesis of aminopyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine-8-carboxylates -- 3.1.2. Multicomponent synthesis of 1,3,5,6-tetrasubstituted 2-pyridone -- 3.1.3. Multicomponent synthesis of functionalized steroidal pyridines -- 3.1.4. Multicomponent synthesis of indolyl-coumarin hybrids -- 3.1.5. Multicomponent synthesis of indole-1,3-dione derivatives -- 3.2. Microwave-assisted Knoevenagel condensation reaction -- 3.2.1. Knoevenagel synthetic approach to ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate derivatives -- 3.2.2. Knoevenagel synthetic approach to Indole-based Heterocycles -- 3.2.3. Knoevenagel synthetic approach to tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-c]chromen-1(2H)-ones -- 3.2.4. Knoevenagel synthetic approach to pyran-based chalcones -- 3.2.5. Knoevenagel synthetic approach to 3-acetylcoumarin and chalcone affiliates -- 3.2.6. Knoevenagel synthetic approach to 2,3-dihydropyran[2,3-c]pyrazoles -- 3.3. Microwave-assisted aldol condensation reaction -- 3.3.1. Aldol-type synthetic approach to 3-acetyl isocoumarin.
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3.3.2. Aldol-type synthetic approach to aza-fused isoquinoline motifs -- 3.3.3. Aldol-type synthetic approach to dibenzylidenecyclohexanones -- 3.3.4. Aldol-type synthetic approach to dibenzylidenecyclopentanone -- 3.3.5. Aldol-type synthetic approach to 2-benzylideneoctanal -- 3.4. Microwave-assisted Pechmann condensation reaction -- 3.4.1. Amberlyst-15 catalyzed synthetic approach to 4-methylcoumarin -- 3.4.2. Zn [(l)-proline]2 catalyzed synthetic approach to tricyclic 4-methylcoumarin -- 3.4.3. FeF3 catalyzed synthetic approach to 4,7-dimethyl-2H-chromen-2-one -- 3.4.4. Pechmann condensation reaction for synthesis of umbelliferone -- 3.4.5. Microwave-assisted synthesis via two different naphthalenediol -- 3.4.6. ZnCl2 catalyzed synthesis of linear pyranodihydrocoumarin -- 3.5. Microwave-assisted Mannich condensation reaction -- 3.5.1. Mannich synthetic approach to nitrothiazolo[3,2-c]pyrimidines -- 3.5.2. Mannich synthetic approach to 4-hydroxyacetophenone derivatives -- 3.5.3. Mannich synthetic approach to barbituric acid derivatives -- 3.5.4. Mannich synthetic approach to polymethoxychalcone -- 3.6. Other miscellaneous microwave-assisted condensation products -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Microwave-assisted oxidation reactions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. C-oxidation -- 2.1. Oxidation of hydrocarbons -- 2.1.1. Oxidation of sp3 hybridized carbons -- Alkane to aldehyde (RCH3RCOH) -- Alkane to glyoxal (RCOCH3RCOCOH) -- Alkane to acid (RCH3RCOOH) -- Alkane to ketone (RCH2RRCOR) -- Cyclic ethers to esters (RCH2ORRCOOR) -- 2.1.2. Oxidation of sp2 hybridized carbons -- Alkene to aldehyde (RCHCHRRCOH) -- 2.1.3. Oxidation of sp hybridized carbons -- Alkyne to glyoxal (RCCHRCOCOH) -- 2.2. Oxidation of alcohols -- 2.2.1. Alcohol to aldehyde (RCH2OHRCOH) -- 2.2.2. Clayfen -- 2.2.3. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromochromate (CTMABC) -- 2.2.4. Magtrieve.
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2.2.5. Zeolite A -- 2.3. Oxidation of aldehyde -- 2.3.1. Aldehyde to acid (RCHORCOOH) -- 2.3.2. Aldehyde to ester (RCHORCOOR1 -- R1 from solvent) -- 2.4. Oxidation of halides -- 2.4.1. Halides to aldehydes (RCH2XRCOH) -- 2.5. Oxidative cyclization -- 2.6. Oxidative aromatization -- 2.7. Oxidative amination -- 2.8. Advancements in named oxidation reactions -- 2.8.1. Baeyer-Villiger oxidation -- 2.8.2. Dess-Martin periodinane reaction -- 2.8.3. Fetizon/Fetison oxidation -- 2.8.4. Jacobsen epoxidation -- 2.8.5. Jones/chromium based oxidation -- 2.8.6. Kornblum oxidation -- 2.8.7. Noyori oxidation -- 2.8.8. Sharpless epoxidation -- Other oxidation reactions -- 3. N-oxidations -- 3.1. N-oxide formation -- 3.2. Amines to imines -- 4. S-oxidations -- 4.1. Sulfides to sulfoxides -- 4.2. Thiols to disulfides -- References -- Chapter 7: Microwave-assisted reduction reactions -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Fundamental aspects of microwave radiation -- 1.2. Microwave apparatus -- 1.3. Advantages and disadvantages of microwave irradiation -- 2. Microwave-assisted organic reduction reactions -- 3. Microwave-assisted reduction for the development of inorganic raw materials -- 4. Microwave-assisted reduction for production composites -- 5. Microwave-assisted reduction for nanoparticle synthesis -- 6. Microwave-assisted reduction for catalyst purpose -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Microwave-assisted stereoselective organic synthesis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Microwave-assisted diastereoselective and enantioselective reactions -- 3. Microwave-assisted diastereoselective organic transformation reactions -- 4. Microwave-assisted enantioselective organic transformation reactions -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Microwave-assisted heterocyclics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Microwave-promoted synthesis of heterocyclic compounds.
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2.1. Synthesis of tetrazole-based heterocycles.
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