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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Keywords: Protozoa, Pathogenic. ; Protozoan diseases. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (178 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780128216224
    DDC: 616.016
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Cyclospora and Cyclosporiasis: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Detection, and Control -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 Taxonomy and biology -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 History of discovery and research -- 1.2.1 Cyclospora detected in animals -- 1.2.2 Cyclospora detected in humans -- 1.3 Morphology -- 1.4 Taxonomy -- 1.4.1 Cyclospora glomericola (Schneider, 1881 -- Lainson, 2005) -- 1.4.2 Cyclospora caryolytica (Schaudinn, 1902 -- Tanabe, 1938) -- 1.4.3 Cyclospora viperae (Phisalix, 1923 -- Lainson, 2005) -- 1.4.4 Cyclospora scinci (Phisalix, 1924 -- Lainson, 2005) -- 1.4.5 Cyclospora zamenis (Phisalix, 1924 -- Lainson, 2005) -- 1.4.6 Cyclospora tropidonoti (Phisalix, 1924 -- Lainson, 2005) -- 1.4.7 Cyclospora babaulti (Phisalix, 1924 -- Lainson, 2005) -- 1.4.8 Cyclospora niniae ( Lainson, 1965) -- 1.4.9 Cyclospora ashtabulensis (Ford and Duszynski, 1989) -- 1.4.10 Cyclospora talpae ( Duszynski and Wattam, 1988) -- 1.4.11 Cyclospora sp. ( Duszynski and Wattam, 1988) -- 1.4.12 Cyclospora megacephali ( Ford and Duszynski, 1988) -- 1.4.13 Cyclospora parascalopi (Ford and Duszynski, 1989) -- 1.4.14 Cyclospora angimurinensis (Ford, 1990) -- 1.4.15 Cyclospora cayetanensis (Ortega, 1994) -- 1.4.16 Cyclospora cercopitheci (Eberhard, 1999) -- 1.4.17 Cyclospora colobi (Eberhard, 1999) -- 1.4.18 Cyclospora papionis (Eberhard, 1999) -- 1.4.19 Cyclospora schneideri ( Lainson, 2005) -- 1.4.20 Cyclospora macacae (Li, 2015) -- 1.4.21 Cyclospora duszynskii ( McAllister et al., 2018) -- 1.4.22 Cyclospora yatesi ( McAllister et al., 2018) -- 1.4.23 Some unnamed Cyclospora- like organisms in animals -- 1.5 Life cycle of Cyclospora -- 1.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Molecular characteristics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Molecular characteristics of the main loci. , 2.2.1 Molecular characteristics of C. cayetanensis in human -- 2.2.2 Molecular characteristics of animals source Cyclospora -- 2.3 Genome characteristics -- 2.3.1 Mitochondrial genome -- 2.3.2 Apicoplast genome -- 2.3.3 Chromosome genome -- 2.4 Case-linking and tracking -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Clinical feature -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Clinical features -- 3.2.1 Intestinal infection -- 3.2.2 Extraintestinal infection -- 3.3 Pathological features -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Epidemiology in human and animals -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 C. cayetanensis epidemiology in humans -- 4.2.1 Outbreaks of human cyclosporiasis -- 4.2.2 Investigation -- 4.2.3 Case reports -- 4.3 Susceptible populations and risk factors -- 4.3.1 Human immune state -- 4.3.2 Age -- 4.3.3 Hygiene and sanitary condition -- 4.3.4 Traveling -- 4.3.5 Environmental factors -- 4.4 Animal reservoirs -- 4.4.1 Nonhuman primates -- 4.4.2 Other animals -- 4.5 Search strategy and selection criteria -- 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Transmission risk factors -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Marked seasonality transmissions -- 5.3 Animal reservoirs -- 5.4 Food/water/soil sample contamination -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6 Detection methods -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Microscopy -- 6.3 Flow cytometry -- 6.4 Staining methods -- 6.5 Molecular methods -- 6.5.1 Conventional PCR -- 6.5.2 PCR-RFLP -- 6.5.3 PCR-OLA -- 6.5.4 qPCR-MCA -- 6.5.5 Multiplex-touchdown PCR -- 6.6 Serological testing -- 6.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 Treatment and prevention -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Therapy -- 7.3 Prevention and control -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 Conclusions and perspective -- 8.1 Major conclusions -- 8.2 Perspective (future challenge) -- References -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Milton :Jenny Stanford Publishing,
    Keywords: Chalcogenides -- Electric properties. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (318 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789814411301
    DDC: 621.36
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Glass Formation in Several Novel Chalcogenide Systems -- Chapter 2: Relaxation and Fragility in Chalcogenide Network Glasses -- Chapter 3: Photoinduced Deformations in Chalcogenide Glasses -- Chapter 4: Structural and Physical Properties of GexAsySe1-x-y Glasses -- Chapter 5: Atomistic Modeling and Simulations of Chalcogenide Glasses -- Chapter 6: Broadband Near-Infrared Photoluminescence of Doped Chalcogenide Glasses -- Chapter 7: Chalcogenide Glass Thin-Film and Fiber Structures for Chemical and Biological Sensing -- Chapter 8: Fabrication of Passive and Active Tellurite Thin Films and Waveguides for Integrated Optics.
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  • 3
    Keywords: Environmental sciences ; Climatic changes ; Environmental protection ; Environment ; Air pollution. ; Atmospheric sciences. ; Climate change. ; Environmental sciences ; Climatic changes ; Environmental protection ; Luftverschmutzung ; Ruß ; Umwelttechnik
    Description / Table of Contents: This thesis presents research focusing on the improvement of high-resolution global black carbon (BC) emission inventory and application in assessing the population exposure to ambient BC. A particular focus of the thesis is on the construction of a high-resolution (both spatial and sectorial) fuel consumption database, which is used to develop the emission inventory of black carbon. Above all, the author updates the global emission inventory of black carbon, a resource subsequently used to study the atmospheric transport of black carbon over Asia with the help of a high-resolution nested model. The thesis demonstrates that spatial bias in fuel consumption and BC emissions can be reduced by means of the sub-national disaggregation approach. Using the inventory and nested model, ambient BC concentrations can be better validated against observations. Lastly, it provides a complete uncertainty analysis of global black carbon emissions, and this uncertainty is taken into account in the atmospheric modeling, helping to better understand the role of black carbon in regional and global air pollution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 153 p. 76 illus., 55 illus. in color, online resource)
    ISBN: 9783662464793
    Series Statement: Springer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research
    Language: English
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Supervisor's Foreword; Abstract; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Background; 1.2 Main Objectives; 1.3 Thesis Structure; References; 2 Research Background; 2.1 Sources of Black Carbon in the Atmosphere; 2.2 Climate Effects of Black Carbon; 2.3 Health Effects of Black Carbon; 2.4 Emission Inventories of Black Carbon; 2.5 Health Assessments of Black Carbon; References; 3 Research Method; 3.1 Global High-Resolution Fuel Database in 2007 (PKU-FUEL-2007); 3.1.1 Combustion Sources; 3.1.2 Compilation of Fuel Consumption Data; 3.1.3 Construction of CO2 Emission Maps , 3.1.4 Uncertainty of the Fuel and CO2 Inventory3.2 Estimation of BC Emissions; 3.2.1 Emission Factors of BC; 3.2.2 Technology Splits; 3.2.3 Fuel Consumption Data; 3.3 Atmospheric Transport Models of BC; References; 4 Development of a High-Resolution Fuel Consumptions Database; 4.1 Global Fuel Consumption by Sector in 2007; 4.2 High-Resolution Maps of Fuel Consumptions; 4.3 High-Resolution Maps of CO2 Emissions; 4.4 Comparison with a Traditionally Disaggregated Map; 4.5 Uncertainty of the Data; References; 5 Global Black Carbon Emissions from Motor Vehicles , 5.1 Regression Models of BC Emission Factors for Motor Vehicles5.2 Effect of Technology Transfer from Developed to Developing Countries; 5.3 Global BC Emissions from Motor Vehicles; 5.4 Emission Factors for Battery Coking; References; 6 Emissions of Black Carbon in China from 1949 to 2050; 6.1 BC Emissions from China in 2007; 6.2 County-Level BC Emissions in China; 6.3 Comparison with a Mock-Up Inventory; 6.4 Comparison with Previous Inventories; 6.5 BC Emissions in China from 1949 to 2007; 6.6 BC Emissions in China from 2008 to 2050; References , 7 Global Emissions of Black Carbon from 1960 to 20077.1 Global BC Emissions in 2007; 7.2 Historical BC Emissions from 1960 to 2007; References; 8 Concentration, Ambient Exposure, and Inhalation Intake of Black Carbon; 8.1 Modelled Surface Concentrations of BC; 8.2 Evaluation of the Modelled Surface BC Concentrations; 8.3 Seasonal Variations of Surface BC Concentrations; 8.4 Downscaling of BC Concentrations to 0.1° × 0.1°; 8.5 Global Ambient Exposure to Black Carbon; 8.6 Intake of Black Carbon by Inhalation; References; 9 Conclusions
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  • 4
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    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 258, pp. 106882, ISSN: 0277-3791
    Publication Date: 2021-04-05
    Description: Sediment cores from the Northwind Ridge north of the Arctic Chukchi-Alaskan margin were analyzed for a suite of stratigraphic and provenance proxies. Based on the correlation to previously studied regional records, cores under study present sedimentary environments of Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1e11 (~0.4 Ma) on millennial time scales. Contrasting glacial-interglacial conditions and provenance were characterized by means of clay-mineral and geochemical (elemental and isotopic) proxies along with grain size. Interglacial environments are interpreted as sea-ice dominated, with pre-Holocene sediment transported mostly from the East Siberian to Chukchi-Alaskan margin. In comparison with the recent conditions, this pattern suggests a stronger Transpolar Drift expanding into the Canada Basin at the expense of the Beaufort Gyre, or stronger along-shelf currents. Glacial intervals prior to MIS4 have a predominantly North American signature with carbonaceous or terrigenous source rocks. Carbonaceous inputs marked by Ca peaks are tracked to the western Canadian Arctic Archipelago eroded by the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS). Terrigenous sources (Zr peaks) are likely related to areas impacted by the Innuitian Ice Sheet and/or the LIS Mackenzie ice stream. MIS 4 and 2 intervals have a different composition with the Siberian/Chukchi rather than North American provenance. A stronger winnowing indicated by grain size in the glacial intervals suggests a stronger mid-depth circulation. Study results provide new boundary conditions for modeling paleocirculation and glaciations in the western Arctic Ocean.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-01-20
    Description: During expedition 202 aboard the RV Sonne in 2009, 39 seafloor surface sediment sites were sampled over a wide sector of the North Pacific and adjoining Bering Sea. The data served to infer land–ocean linkages of terrigenous sediment supply in terms of major sources and modes of sediment transport within an over-regional context. This is based on an integrated approach dealing with grain-size analysis, bulk mineralogy and clay mineralogy in combination with statistical data evaluation (end-member modelling of grainsize data, fuzzy cluster analysis of mineralogical data). The findings on clay mineralogy served to update those of earlier work extracted from the literature. Today, two processes of terrigenous sediment supply prevail in the study area: fardistance aeolian sediment supply to the pelagic North Pacific, and hemipelagic sediment dispersal from nearby land sources via ocean currents along the continental margins and island arcs. Aeolian particles show the finest grain sizes (clay and fine silt), whereas hemipelagic sediments have high abundances of coarse silt. Exposed sites on seamounts and the continental slope are partly swept by strong currents, leading to residual enrichment of fine sand. Four sediment sources canbe distinguished on the basis of distinct index minerals revealed by statistical data analysis: dust plumes from central Asia (quartz, illite), altered materials from the volcanic regions of Kamchatka and the Aleutian Arc (smectite), detritus from the Alaskan Cordillera (chlorite, hornblende), and fluvial detritus from far-eastern Siberia and the Alaska mainland (quartz, feldspar, illite). These findings confirm those of former studies but considerably expand the geographic range of this suite of proxies as far south as 39°N in the open North Pacific. The present integrated methodological approach proved useful in identifying the major modern processes of terrigenous sediment supply to the study region. This aspect deserves attention in the selection of sediment core sites for future palaeoenvironmental reconstructions related to aeolian and glacial dynamics, as well as the recognition of palaeoocean circulation patterns in general.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    In:  EPIC335th International Geological Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, 2016-08-29-2016-09-02
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-06-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Thesis , notRev
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  • 8
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    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 107, pp. 140-150, ISSN: 1367-9120
    Publication Date: 2015-05-20
    Description: Profundal lake sediment cores are often interpreted in line with diverse and detailed sedimentological processes to infer paleoenvironmental conditions. The effects of frozen lake surfaces on terrigenous sediment deposition and how climate changes on the Tibetan Plateau are reflected in these lakes, however, is seldom discussed. A lake sediment core from Hala Lake (590 km2), northeastern Tibetan Plateau spanning the time interval from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present was investigated using high-resolution grain-size composition of lacustrine deposits. Seismic analysis along a north–south profile across the lake was used to infer the sedimentary setting within the lake basin. Periods of freezing and melting processes on the lake surface were identified by MODIS (MOD10A1) satellite data. End-member modeling of the grain size distribution allowed the discrimination between lacustrine, eolian and fluvial sediments. The dominant clay sedimentation (slack water type) during the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) reflects ice interceptions in long cold periods, in contrast to abundant eolian input during abrupt cold events. Therefore, fluvial and slack water sedimentation processes can indicate changes in the local paleoclimate during periods of the lake being frozen, when eolian input was minor. Inferred warm (i.e., ∼22.7 and 19.5 cal. ka BP) and cold (i.e., ∼11–9 and 3–1.5 cal. ka BP) spells have significant environmental impacts, not only in the regional realm, but they are also coherent with global-scale climate events. The eolian input generally follows the trend of the mid-latitude westerly wind dynamics in winter, contributing medium-sized sand to the lake center, deposited within the ice cover during icing and melting phases. Enhanced input was dominant during the Younger Dryas, Heinrich Event 1 and at around 8.2 ka, equivalent to the well-known events of the North Atlantic realm.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-10-12
    Description: A marine sediment record from the central Bering Sea, spanning the last 20 thousand years (ka), was studied to unravel the depositional history with regard to terrigenous sediment supply and biogenic sedimentation. Methodic approaches comprised the inference of accumulation rates of siliciclastic and biogenic components, grain-size analysis, and (clay) mineralogy, as well as paleoclimatic modelling. Changes in the depositional history provides insight into land-ocean linkages of paleoenvironmental changes. During the finale of the Last Glacial Maximum, the depositional environment was characterized by hemipelagic background sedimentation. A marked change in the terrigenous sediment provenance during the late Heinrich 1 Stadial (15.7–14.5 ka), indicated by increases in kaolinite and a high glaciofluvial influx of clay, gives evidence of the deglaciation of the Brooks Range in the hinterland of Alaska. This meltwater pulse also stimulated the postglacial onset of biological productivity. Glacial melt implies regional climate warming during a time of widespread cooling on the northern hemisphere. Our simulation experiment with a coupled climate model suggests atmospheric teleconnections to the North Atlantic, with impacts on the dynamics of the Aleutian Low system that gave rise to warmer winters and an early onset of spring during that time. The late deglacial period between 14.5 and 11.0 ka was characterized by enhanced fluvial runoff and biological productivity in the course of climate amelioration, sea-level rise, seasonal sea-ice retreat, and permafrost thaw in the hinterland. The latter processes temporarily stalled during the Younger Dryas stadial (12.9-11.7 ka) and commenced again during the Preboreal (earliest Holocene), after 11.7 ka. High river runoff might have fertilized the Bering Sea and contributed to enhanced upper ocean stratification. Since 11.0 ka, advanced transgression has shifted the coast line and fluvial influence of the Yukon River away from the study site. The opening of the Bering Strait strengthened contour currents along the continental slope, leaving behind winnowed sand-rich sediments through the early to mid-Holocene, with non-deposition occurring since about 6.0 ka.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ramisch, Arne; Lockot, Gregori; Haberzettl, Torsten; Hartmann, Kai; Kuhn, Gerhard; Lehmkuhl, Frank; Schimpf, Stefan; Schulte, Philipp; Stauch, Georg; Wang, Rong; Wünnemann, Bernd; Yan, Dada; Zhang, Yongzhan; Diekmann, Bernhard (2016): A persistent northern boundary of Indian Summer Monsoon precipitation over Central Asia during the Holocene. Scientific Reports, 6, 25791, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25791
    Publication Date: 2023-03-13
    Description: Extra-tropical circulation systems impede poleward moisture advection by the Indian Summer Monsoon. In this context, the Himalayan range is believed to insulate the south Asian circulation from extra-tropical influences and to delineate the northern extent of the Indian Summer Monsoon in central Asia. Paleoclimatic evidence, however, suggests increased moisture availability in the Early Holocene north of the Himalayan range which is attributed to an intensification of the Indian Summer Monsoon. Nevertheless, mechanisms leading to a surpassing of the Himalayan range and the northern maximum extent of summer monsoonal influence remain unknown. Here we show that the Kunlun barrier on the northern Tibetan Plateau [~36°N] delimits Indian Summer Monsoon precipitation during the Holocene. The presence of the barrier relocates the insulation effect 1,000 km further north, allowing a continental low intensity branch of the Indian Summer Monsoon which is persistent throughout the Holocene. Precipitation intensities at its northern extent seem to be driven by differentiated solar heating of the Northern Hemisphere indicating dependency on energy-gradients rather than absolute radiation intensities. The identified spatial constraints of monsoonal precipitation will facilitate the prediction of future monsoonal precipitation patterns in Central Asia under varying climatic conditions.
    Keywords: AWI_PerDyn; Permafrost Research (Periglacial Dynamics) @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 17 datasets
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