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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Rekrutierungsmuster ausgewählter Wattfauna nach unterschiedlich strengen Wintern : = Recruitment patterns of selected Wadden Sea fauna after winters of differing severity (2000)
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Watt ; Meerestiere ; Populationsbiologie ; Watt ; Meerestiere ; Populationsbiologie ; Watt ; Tiere ; Neubesiedlung
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 127 S. , zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 377
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/324470584.pdf
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/324470584.pdf
    DDC: 594/.4177336
    RVK:
    WI 4610
    RVK:
    RY 20075
    Language: German
    Note: Zsfassung in engl. Sprache , Zugl.: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1999
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ökologische Winterfolgen und pelago-benthische Wechselwirkungen im Sylter Wattenmeer : Abschlußbericht 1999 (2001)
    Bremerhaven : Wattenmeerstation Sylt, Alfred-Wegener-Instituts für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Pelago ; Benthos ; Sylt ; Watt ; Winter
    Description / Table of Contents: Winter effects, Wadden Sea, zoobenthos, recruitment, bivalves polychaetes
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online Ressource, 142 p. = 8,05 MB, text and images , ill., graph
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb01/331661993.pdf
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb01/331661993l.pdf
    Language: German
    Note: Contract BMBF 03F0179A. - nIndex. - Differences between the printed and electronic version of the document are possible , Also available as printed version , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Warum ist die Scholle platt? : Sylt und das Meer - Fragen und Antworten rund um die Nordsee (2005)
    List, Sylt : Windstärke Sylt Verl.
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Sylt ; Küste ; Meeresbiologie
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 97 S. , zahlr. Ill , 200 mm x 200 mm, 415 gr.
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3000177620
    URL: https://external.dandelon.com/download/attachments/dandelon/ids/DE006FE1CDDD15FF5F111C1257AC9003C288A.pdf
    DDC: 570
    Language: German
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  • 4
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    The role of ecological divergence in speciation between intertidal and subtidal Scoloplos armiger (Polychaeta, Orbiniidae) (2004)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Sea Research, 51 (1). pp. 53-62.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-18
    Description: The model of ecological speciation implies that habitat differences may split a species by strong selection and rapid adaptation even under sympatric conditions. Recent studies on the polychaete Scoloplos armiger in the Wadden Sea, North Sea, indicate sibling species existing in sympatry: the intertidal 'Type I' with holobenthic development out of egg cocoons and the subtidal 'Type S' shedding pelagic larvae into the open water. In the current study, Type I and S are compared in habitat-related traits of reproductive timing and physiological response to hypoxia and sulphide. Spawnings of Type I and Type S recorded over six years overlap in spring and both appear to be triggered by rise in sea temperature above 5°C. Type S exhibits an additional autumn spawning (at water temperatures around 10 °C) which was unknown till now and is absent in Type I. High overall abundances of pelagic larvae in the Wadden Sea are shown. Since the pelagic dispersal mode has been neglected so far, reassessment of S. armiger population dynamics models is suggested. Tolerance against sulphide and hypoxia were both lower in Type S than in Type I. This correlates with a measured 5 to 10-fold lower sulphide concentration in the subtidal compared to the intertidal habitat. Physiological tolerance and divergence in developmental mode appear as traits which may have ultimately led to reproductive isolation between Type I and Type S. Their role in allopatric and sympatric speciation scenarios in S. armiger is discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.seares.2003.05.004
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    How predictable is high bivalve recruitment in the Wadden Sea after a severe winter? (2003)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of sea research, 49, pp. 47-57
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-28
    Description: Higher than average recruitment among bivalves on the intertidal flats of the Wadden Sea was observed many times after severe winters in the period 1940 - 1995. The occurrence of another severe winter in 1995/96 prompted us to test the hypothesis of severe winters leading to universally high bivalve recruitment on a large geographic scale (500 km coastline) in temperate shallow waters. We analysed data sets on bivalve abundance from seven areas in the Dutch, German and Danish Wadden Sea. The longer data sets showed generally higher bivalve recruitment in the 1970Žs and 1980Žs than in the 1990Žs which may be related to the near absence of severe winters since 1987. Considering the period 1988 onwards (the longest possible period in which 1995/96 was the only severe winter), recruitment of Cerastoderma edule was in 1996 - in agreement with our hypothesis - above average at all seven investigated areas. In contrast, recruitment of Macoma balthica and Mya arenaria was for the same period above average only in the southern Wadden Sea (south-west of Jade Bay) but not in the northern Wadden Sea (north of Eiderstedt peninsula). These regional differences may be related to (i) the different topography of the northern Wadden Sea (with barrier islands westwards to the mainland) compared to the southern Wadden Sea (with barrier islands northwards to the mainland) and subsequent differential effects of wind induced currents on bivalve recruitment, (ii) differences in biotic factors such as standing stocks, larval supply or epibenthic predation or (iii) changes in environmental conditions. Our results demonstrate that large-scale comparisons along coasts are an indispensable addition to insights derived from local studies alone.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    Reduced epibenthic predation on intertidal bivalves after a severe winter in the European Wadden Sea (2002)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 241, pp. 113-123
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: One hypothesis to explain the phenomenon of high bivalve recruitment after severe winters in the coastal North Sea sediments is reduced epibenthic predation. Using predator exclusion experiments I tested the hypothesis that epibenthic predation on the juvenile bivalves Cerastoderma edule, Macoma balthica and Mya arenaria was lower after a severe winter (1995/96) than after a moderate (1996/97) and a mild (1997/98) winter. In C. edule and M. arenaria there was two-fold evidence for reduced epibenthic predation after the severe winter: (i) significant predation effects occurred only in exclusion experiments after the two milder winters but not after the severe winter, (ii) recruits attained larger sizes in August and October after the severe winter suggesting continuous growth rather than truncation of the size spectrum by predators. In M. balthica predation effects also were significant only after the milder winters but with no effect on size. In all three bivalve species recruitment at the experimental sites in the fall was higher after the severe than after the two milder winters. These results suggest that high bivalve recruitment after severe winters is primarily caused by the post-settlement factor of reduced epibenthic predation on the tidal flats. The strategy to conduct several predator exclusion experiments in sand and in mud in three consecutive years with differential winter conditions, and while considering migration activity and size development in juvenile bivalves proved useful to distinguish between cage artefacts and predation effects.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 7
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    Too cold to prosper Winter mortality prevents population increase of the introduced American slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata in northern Europe (2004)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology:, 311, pp. 375-391, ISSN: 0022-0981
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 8
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    Marine metapopulations: a useful concept? (2003)
    In:  EPIC3Helgoland Marine Research, 56, pp. 222-228
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: We discuss the potential and limitations of the metapopulation concept in marine ecology. The usefulness ofthe concept in terrestrial ecology is neither based on its simplicity or generality nor on overwhelming empiricalevidence. The usefulness is in the questions which are asked when the metapopulation concept is applied. Thesequestions address spatial phenomena and processes on different spatial scales. They help in acknowledging that everypopulation, be it terrestrial or marine, has a spatial organization. Understanding this spatial organization is alsoimportant for tackling specific applied problems, i.e. to avoid overexploitation of living marine resources or forconfiguring marine reserves. The 'openness' of coastal populations, whose larvae enter larval pools or which areholoplanktonic, is no reason for not asking the questions implied by the metapopulation concept. For marine ecology,the real problem is to delineate populations, which then may possibly correspond to the 'local populations' ofmetapopulations. Thus, the answer to the question in the title of this paper, whether 'marine metapopulation' is a usefulconcept, is 'yes', if the concept is considered a working hypotheses, if the concept is explicitly defined, and if thequestions linked to the concept are clearly stated. Even if it eventually transpires that only very few marinemetapopulations actually exist, marine ecology would still have gained some important new insights.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
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    Juvenile-adult distribution of the bivalve Mya arenaria on intertidal flats in the Wadden Sea: why are there so few year classes? (1999)
    In:  EPIC3Helgoland Marine Research, 53, pp. 45-55
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Patchy distribution is frequently observed in benthic marine invertebrates. In order to indentify factors causing spatial patterns in the bivalve Mya arenaria, abundances of juveniles and adults, as well as death assemblages were recorded on a 20 km scale in the intertidal zone of the Sylt-Rømø bight. Both adults and juveniles exhibited pronounced patchiness. Shell length of juveniles rarely exceeded 2 mm in 1995, which was most likely a consequence of epibenthic predators truncating the size spectrum. Only a few year-classes dominated the adult population. While the northern part of the bight was colonized mainly by a 1993-cohort, most M. arenaria in the southern part were from the mid 1980s. It is hypothesized that epibenthic predation is a major cause for the lack of dense M. arenaria beds from other years. However, examination of the length-frequency distribution of death assemblages revealed that other unidentified causes of mortality exist. High abundances of adults were found in the mid and lower intertidal zone but not in the high intertidal zone. There was no indication that dispersal of M. arenaria spat in a landward or seaward direction contributed significantly to the observed distribution pattern, since spat occurred abundantly at all tidal levels except in the high intertidal zone. There was no evidence of negative adult-juvenile interaction. M. arenaria was not attracted by seagrass or projecting shell beds - the latter indicating erosion of the sediment - as abundances of adults and juveniles were generally low in these habitats. The effects of sediment type and of the bioturbating lugworm Arenicola marina were inconsistent. While adults were more abundant on muddy sand than on sand, recruitment was independent of sediment type. At all high density sites of adults (〉50 ind m-2), lugworm densities were below 5 ind m-2, which may indicate a negative interaction. However, lugworm densities 〉30 ind m-2 did not prevent relatively high M. arenaria recruitment of 〉500 ind m-2.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
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    Recolonization pattern of the polychaete Lanice conchilega on an intertidal sand flat following the severe winter of 1995/96 (2001)
    In:  EPIC3Helgoland Marine Research, 55, pp. 176-181
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The recolonization process of Lanice conchilega has been studied on an intertidal sand flat in the northern Wadden Sea after an intertidal population had been wiped out during the severe winter of 1995/96. After very low recruitment in the first two years, the population fully recovered in the third year after its destruction. Then, the distribution pattern resembled closely the pattern before the severe winter with 〉95% of all Lanice occurring below -0.5 m mean tidal level and dominance of the density categories 6-50 ind m-2 and 51-200 ind m-2. Lanice larvae have been described to attach preferentially at the tubes of adults. However, the high recruitment in the third year was also observed in areas devoid of adult Lanice, indicating that settlement facilitation by adults was of little importance for the recolonization process. Instead, we suggest that the observed recruitment pattern was a consequence of a large scale decline of the metapopulation in the tidal basin and the onshore coastal subtidal which resulted in insufficient larval supply onto the tidal flats and low recruitment in the first two years following the severe winter.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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