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  • 1
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors were a grossly polluted body of water at the time of the initiation of benthic biological studies in 1951. Industrial, domestic and storm wastes were emptied into these waters with little or no treatment. The inner harbor waters contained little or no dissolved oxygen and much of the benthos was azoic or possessed a stressed community. However, the outer harbor water mass contained adequate dissolved oxygen, and the benthos supported a rich fauna dominated by many species of polychaetes. A pollution abatement program was initiated in 1968, and today many former wastes have been eliminated or are being diverted to treatment plants for processing. The benthic fauna changed markedly and rapidly following this environmental clean-up. Peaks in population were reached throughout the harbor in 1973–1974 which was followed by a slight decline then stability. An oil tanker explosion, pre-treatment of fish-cannery wastes then diversion of these wastes to a sewage treatment plant, and a change from primary to secondary treatment of sewage brought about changes in the benthic fauna. In the latter instance, benthic population of polychaetes, fish populations and the number of birds feeding within the area decreased significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 24 (1973), S. 455-464 
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The Los Angeles-Long Beach, California, Harbor underwent its first major development early in the twentieth century. It is now the third largest port in the United States, a focal point for seven million southern California residents. 2. Pressures for pollution abatement and for development of a deeper water port make an integrated research program necessary. 3. Allan Hancock Foundation personnel have undertaken a comprehensive study with support from the federal Sea Grant Program, private industry and local harbor departments. 4. Plankton-productivity, marine and public health microbiology, midwater settling rack fauna, benthic fauna, water quality parameters, circulation patterns, and sediment content have been sampled. 5. Sequence of red tide and other phytoplankton blooms have been postulated and predicted. 6. Plankton-settling volumes have been good indicators of short-term stress or pollution. 7. Settling racks suspended monthly have shown a much greater diversity of species and higher categories present in the water column than are present in polluted bottom muds. 8. Some 60 species of 30 polychaete families were taken in bottom samples throughout the harbor. 9. Settling rack sampling measures relatively short-term stress and benthic sampling is a good indicator of longer-term stress.
    Notes: Extrait Les eaux du port de Long-Beach-Los Angeles, dans la baie de San Pedro en Californie, ont été relativement peu étudieés par rapport á celles des autres grands ports urbains dans le monde. L'urgente necessité de réduire la pollution et les besoins opposeés de developpement industriel ont été á l'origine de l'établissement d'un projetpilote de surveillance et de recherches, par la récolte d'echantillons en bateau et in situ et par des études de laboratoire. Les paramètres suivants ont été étudiés: courbes de température, de salinité, de pH, de turbidité; analyse quantitative des métaux rares, (oligo-éléments), des métaux lourds et des matières organiques; mesures de productivité par les méthodes d'assimilation du carbone-14 et par la spectrophotométrie des pigments; des échantillons benthiques, récoltés avec la drague de Campbell et tamisés, ont été identifiés au niveau de l'espèce. Les oeufs, larves, et petits organismes planctoniques qui ne pourraient survivre sur les sédiments pollués ont été récoltés au moyen de cadres-porte-lames suspendus et protégés par un tamis. Le recensement de espèces des poissons et l'éxamen de leur état physiologiques est en cours. L'inventaire des bactéries a été effectué dans les eaux avoisinant le dégorgement des déchets industriels et des égouts, en relation avec les recrudescences périodiques de la reproduction du phytoplancton. L'étude bactériologique des microorganismes de la «marée rouge» et l'étude des effets de chocs thermiques ont été entreprises. Les résultats montrent que la méthode des cadres «porte-lames» apporte sur la nature et la répartition de la faune des informations que ne procurent pas les récoltes en bateau. Les mesures de plancton se sont avéreés les meilleurs indicateurs des effets nocifs á court terme, tandis que les échantillonnages benthiques rendent mieux compte des effets à long terme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-02-04
    Description: The Bransfield Basin is a back-arc basin located in Western Antarctica between the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula. Although the subduction of the Phoenix plate under the South Shetland block has ceased, extension continues through a combination of slab rollback and transtensional motions between the Scotia and Antarctic plates. This process has created a continental rift in the basin, interleaved with volcanic islands and seamounts, which may be near the transition from rifting to seafloor spreading. In the framework of the BRAVOSEIS project (2017–2020), we deployed a dense amphibious seismic network in the Bransfield Strait comprising 15 land stations and 24 ocean-bottom seismometers, as well as a network of 6 moored hydrophones; and acquired marine geophysics data including multibeam bathymetry, sub-bottom profiler, gravity & magnetics, multi-channel seismics, and seismic refraction data. The experiment has collected a unique, high quality, and multifaceted geophysical data set in the Central Bransfield Basin, with a special focus on Orca and Humpback seamounts. Preliminary results confirm that the Bransfield region has slab-related intermediate depth seismicity, with earthquake characteristics suggesting distributed extension across the rift. Gravity and magnetic highs delineate a segmented rift with along-axis variations that are consistent with increased accumulated strain to the northeast. Orca volcano shows evidences of an active caldera and magma accumulation at shallow depths, while Humpback volcano has evolved past the caldera stage and is currently dominated by rifting structures. These differences suggest that volcanic evolution is influenced by the position along the rift. Although a lot of analysis remains, these results provide useful constraints on the structure and dynamics of the Bransfield rift and associated volcanoes.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: Catastrophic collapses of submarine volcanoes have the potential to generate major tsunami, threatening many coastal populations. Recognizing the difficulties surrounding anticipations of these events, quantitative assessment of collapse-prone regions based on detailed morphological, geological and geophysical mapping can still provide important information about the hazards associated with these collapses. Rumble III is one of the shallowest, and largest, submarine volcanoes found along the Kermadec arc, and is both volcanically and hydrothermally active. Previous surveys have delineated major collapse features at Rumble III; based on time-lapse bathymetry, dramatic changes in the volcano morphology have been shown to have occurred over the interval 2007 to 2009. Furthermore, this volcano is located just ˜300 km from the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. Here, we present a geophysical model for Rumble III, that provides the locations and sizes of potential weak regions of this volcano. Shipborne and near-seafloor geological and geophysical data collected by the AUV Sentry are used to determine the subsurface distribution of weak and unstable volcanic rocks. The resulting model provides evidence for potentially unstable areas located in the Southeastern flank of this volcano which should be included in future hazard predictions.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-09-15
    Description: The Bransfield Basin is a back-arc basin located in Western Antarctica between the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula. Although the subduction of the Phoenix plate under the South Shetland block has ceased, extension continues through a combination of slab rollback and transtensional motions between the Scotia and Antarctic plates. This process has created a continental rift in the basin, interleaved with volcanic islands and seamounts, which may be near the transition from rifting to seafloor spreading. In the framework of the BRAVOSEIS project (2017–2020), we deployed a dense amphibious seismic network in the Bransfield Strait comprising 15 land stations and 24 ocean-bottom seismometers, as well as a network of 6 moored hydrophones; and acquired marine geophysics data including multibeam bathymetry, sub-bottom profiler, gravity & mag-netics, multi-channel seismics, and seismic refraction data. The experiment has collected a unique, high quality, and multifaceted geophysical data set in the Central Bransfield Basin, with a special focus on Orca and Humpback seamounts. Preliminary results confirm that the Bransfield region has slab-related intermediate depth seismicity, with earthquake characteristics suggesting distributed extension across the rift. Gravity and magnetic highs delineate a segmented rift with along-axis variations that are consistent with increased accumulated strain to the northeast. Orca volcano shows evidences of an active caldera and magma accumulation at shallow depths, while Humpback volcano has evolved past the caldera stage and is currently dominated by rifting structures. These differences suggest that volcanic evolution is influenced by the position along the rift. Although a lot of analysis remains, these results provide useful constraints on the structure and dynamics of the Bransfield rift and asso-ciated volcanoes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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