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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    The use of benthic indicators in Europe : from the Water Framework Directive to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2010)
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    In: Marine pollution bulletin, Oxford : Elsevier, 1968, 60(2010), Seite 2187-2196, 0025-326X
    In: volume:60
    In: year:2010
    In: pages:2187-2196
    Type of Medium: Article
    Pages: Ill.
    ISSN: 0025-326X
    DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.09.015
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    A global database of dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration measurements in coastal waters (CoastDOM v.1) (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-08
    Description: This global database (CoastDOM v.1) contains both previously published and unpublished measurements of Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP) in coastal waters. The dataset also contains hydrographic data such as temperature and salinity and, to the extent possible, other biogeochemical variables (e.g., Chlorophyll-a, inorganic nutrients) and the inorganic carbon system (e.g., dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity). The data included were collected from 1978 to 2022 and consist of 62339 data points for DOC, 20360 for DON and 13440 for DOP.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Analytical method; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Chlorophyll a; Coastal waters; Comment; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Dissolved Organic Carbon; Dissolved Organic Matter; dissolved organic nitrogen; dissolved organic phosphorus; ELEVATION; global database;; Hydrogen phosphate; Institution; LATITUDE; Location; LONGITUDE; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Nitrogen, particulate; Nitrogen, total dissolved; Phosphorus, organic, dissolved; Phosphorus, particulate; Phosphorus, total dissolved; Principal investigator; Quality flag, alkalinity, total; Quality flag, ammonium; Quality flag, carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Quality flag, carbon, organic, dissolved; Quality flag, carbon, organic, particulate; Quality flag, chlorophyll a; Quality flag, hydrogen phosphate; Quality flag, nitrate and nitrite; Quality flag, nitrogen, particulate; Quality flag, nitrogen, total dissolved; Quality flag, phosphorus, particulate; Quality flag, phosphorus, total dissolved; Reference/source; Salinity; Sample ID; Suspended solids, total; Temperature, water; World Oceans Circulation Experiment (WOCE) quality flags according to Jiang et al. (2022)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1286555 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the level of oxygenation in sediment and water on copper bioavailability to marine bivalves: laboratory experiments and translocation experiments in the field (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 373-374 (1998), S. 297-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: bivalves ; oxygen ; condition ; copper ; bioavailability ; translocation ; sediment ; silt fraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of differences in the level of oxygenation of sediment or water on the condition and copper content of two bivalves, the Baltic clam Macoma balthica and the cockle Cerastoderma edule, were assessed. Specimens from four intertidal flats in the Netherlands and France were compared, translocated and exposed to different levels of oxygen in the laboratory. Cockles showed no significant differences in condition and copper content between animals from light (= more oxygenated) and dark (= less oxygenated) sediments. Baltic clams also showed no differences in condition, but the clams had a higher copper content (concentration as well as body burden) in dark than in light sediments. During the translocation experiments no significant changes occurred. In the laboratory experiments the level of oxygen had no effect on the condition or copper content of the Baltic clam. The only factor affecting the copper content of Baltic clams was the addition of copper to the water or sediment. The copper, organic carbon and silt fraction (〈 16 µm) was higher in dark sediments than in light sediments. The copper content in the sediment was positively related to the silt and organic carbon content. We argue that the relation between coloration (= degree of oxygenation) of sediments and the copper content of Baltic clams could be indirect: due to a higher silt fraction and/or organic content at some places on a tidal flat, these places are more hypoxic and therefore darker, whereas simultaneously these places have a higher copper concentration because of more copper-complexing sites (and surface), whereby the higher copper concentration in the sediment relates to a higher copper concentration in the clams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017015504106
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bayesian Identification of a Population Compartmental Model of C-Peptide Kinetics (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 28 (2000), S. 812-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: C-peptide ; Population model ; Compartmental model ; Bayes estimation ; Markov chain Monte Carlo ; Insulin ; System identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract When models are used to measure or predict physiological variables and parameters in a given individual, the experiments needed are often complex and costly. A valuable solution for improving their cost effectiveness is represented by population models. A widely used population model in insulin secretion studies is the one proposed by Van Cauter et al. (Diabetes 41:368–377, 1992), which determines the parameters of the two compartment model of C-peptide kinetics in a given individual from the knowledge of his/her age, sex, body surface area, and health condition (i.e., normal, obese, diabetic). This population model was identified from the data of a large training set (more than 200 subjects) via a deterministic approach. This approach, while sound in terms of providing a point estimate of C-peptide kinetic parameters in a given individual, does not provide a measure of their precision. In this paper, by employing the same training set of Van Cauter et al., we show that the identification of the population model into a Bayesian framework (by using Markov chain Monte Carlo) allows, at the individual level, the estimation of point values of the C-peptide kinetic parameters together with their precision. A successful application of the methodology is illustrated in the estimation of C-peptide kinetic parameters of seven subjects (not belonging to the training set used for the identification of the population model) for which reference values were available thanks to an independent identification experiment. © 2000 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC00: 8715Aa, 0250Ga, 8714-g
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/1.1289459
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water chemistry variability in the lower intertidal zone [-2pt] of an estuary in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan: seasonal patterns of nutrients and particulate compounds (2000)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 432 (2000), S. 9-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: tidal flat ; ebbing water ; nutrients ; suspended particulate matter ; POC ; Chlorophyll a ; seasonality ; macrozoobenthos ; Seto Inland Sea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract From April 1994 to April 1996, we carried out monthly surveys on the physical and chemical variability of ebbing water at two intertidal stations near the emerged tidal flat and surface water at a nearby subtidal station, in a tidal estuary of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. The fresh water runoff was a major source of new nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite = −2.1 × salinity + 74.3, r 2 = 0.76, p 〈 0.001, at the inner intertidal station). In contrast, the absence or weak correlation of ammonium, phosphate and silicate with salinity in ebbing water highlighted the importance of in situ biologically-mediated processes, including the excretory activity of intertidal dominant bivalves (Ruditapes philippinarum and Musculista senhousia) and primary producer nutrient uptake. Among suspended particulate matter (SPM), the negative correlation of Chl a with salinity (p〈 0.001) suggested that an upper intertidal zone, where high microphytobenthic assemblages occur, may represent a considerable source of microalgal biomass. Whereas, a stronger correlation of POC with pheo-pigments (r 2 ≥ 0.92) than with Chl a (r 2 ≤ 0.44), a low fraction of living phyto-Carbon (ca. 5%) and a high pheo-pigment/Chl a ratio (ca. 3) indicated a high portion of refractory algal material and a close water–sediment coupling on the flat, in which abundant macrozoobenthos is likely to play an important role. In spite of the strong variability of this ecosystems, this study also demonstrated that highly significant seasonal patterns can be recognized in our study area. However, patterns varied depending on the different nutrient species, SPM and sites. In ebbing water, ammonium concentrations were significantly higher in the cold period (i.e. November–April: water temperature 10.0 ± 4.4 °C), when primary producer biomass decreases, while Chl a and pheo-pigment content were 4.3 and 4.8 higher in the warm period (May–October: water temperature 23.5 ± 4.2 °C), respectively. At the subtidal site, nutrients were 1.9 (silicate)–2.9 (phosphate) and SPM was 1.8 (POC)–2.1 (pheo-pigments) times higher in the warm period. On an annual basis, mean pheo-pigment and POC content was 12–25 times and 4–8 times higher on the intertidal zone than on the subtidal zone, respectively, while nutrient concentrations were within the same order of magnitude. Such a qualitative difference (i.e. nutrients vs. SPM) between sites suggests that particle deposition and/or removal is likely to occur along the estuary, resulting in a limited SPM content at the surface layer of the subtidal site, while nutrients are more directly transported into the surface layer of the subtidal zone by lower salinity water mass intrusion from the intertidal zone, most importantly during the warm period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004064917794
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GC instrumentation for on-column injection of large volumes: Automated optimization of conditions (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Microcolumn Separations 7 (1995), S. 403-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-7685
    Keywords: large volume on-column injection ; partially concurrent evaporation ; early vapor exit ; software modeling evaporation process ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Improved instrumentation facilitates on-column injection of up to several hundreds of microliters onto GC capillary columns. It incorporates an autosampler with adjustable injection speed, a standardized precolumn system, an early vapor exit, and software that models evaporation of a given solvent at the flow and temperature conditions chosen by the user. The software calculates the appropriate injection speed, guides the autosampler correspondingly, and closes the vapor exit at a moment leaving in the precolumn the amount of unevaporated solvent that is selected by the user. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcs.1220070413
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  • 7
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    Diverse effects of invasive ecosystem engineers on marine biodiversity and ecosystem functions - a global review and meta-analysis (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  Global Change Biology, 24 (3). pp. 906-924.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Invasive ecosystem engineers (IEE) are potentially one of the most influential types of biological invaders. They are expected to have extensive ecological impacts by altering the physical–chemical structure of ecosystems, thereby changing the rules of existence for a broad range of resident biota. To test the generality of this expectation, we used a global systematic review and meta-analysis to examine IEE effects on the abundance of individual species and communities, biodiversity (using several indices) and ecosystem functions, focusing on marine and estuarine environments. We found that IEE had a significant effect (positive and negative) in most studies testing impacts on individual species, but the overall (cumulative) effect size was small and negative. Many individual studies showed strong IEE effects on community abundance and diversity, but the direction of effects was variable, leading to statistically non-significant overall effects in most categories. In contrast, there was a strong overall effect on most ecosystem functions we examined. IEE negatively affected metabolic functions and primary production, but positively affected nutrient flux, sedimentation and decomposition. We use the results to develop a conceptual model by highlighting pathways whereby IEE impact communities and ecosystem functions, and identify several sources of research bias in the IEE-related invasion literature. Only a few of the studies simultaneously quantified IEE effects on community/diversity and ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how IEE may alter biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships should be a primary focus of future studies of invasion biology. Moreover, the clear effects of IEE on ecosystem functions detected in our study suggest that scientists and environmental managers ought to examine how the effects of IEE might be manifested in the services that marine ecosystems provide to humans.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14007
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Geographic patterns of biodiversity in European coastal marine benthos (2017)
    Cambridge Univ. Press
    In:  Journal of The Marine Biological Association of The United Kingdom, 97 (3). pp. 507-523.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-21
    Description: Within the COST action EMBOS (European Marine Biodiversity Observatory System) the degree and variation of the diversity and densities of soft-bottom communities from the lower intertidal or the shallow subtidal was measured at 28 marine sites along the European coastline (Baltic, Atlantic, Mediterranean) using jointly agreed and harmonized protocols, tools and indicators. The hypothesis tested was that the diversity for all taxonomic groups would decrease with increasing latitude. The EMBOS system delivered accurate and comparable data on the diversity and densities of the soft sediment macrozoobenthic community over a large-scale gradient along the European coastline. In contrast to general biogeographic theory, species diversity showed no linear relationship with latitude, yet a bell-shaped relation was found. The diversity and densities of benthos were mostly positively correlated with environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, mud and organic matter content in sediment, or wave height, and related with location characteristics such as system type (lagoons, estuaries, open coast) or stratum (intertidal, subtidal). For some relationships, a maximum (e.g. temperature from 15–20°C; mud content of sediment around 40%) or bimodal curve (e.g. salinity) was found. In lagoons the densities were twice higher than in other locations, and at open coasts the diversity was much lower than in other locations. We conclude that latitudinal trends and regional differences in diversity and densities are strongly influenced by, i.e. merely the result of, particular sets and ranges of environmental factors and location characteristics specific to certain areas, such as the Baltic, with typical salinity clines (favouring insects) and the Mediterranean, with higher temperatures (favouring crustaceans). Therefore, eventual trends with latitude are primarily indirect and so can be overcome by local variation of environmental factors.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1017/S0025315416001119
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    The use of benthic indicators in Europe: from the Water Framework Directive to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2010)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60 . pp. 2187-2196. Date online first: 2010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-05
    Description: The Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) are the European umbrella regulations for water systems. It is a challenge for the scientific community to translate the principles of these directives into realistic and accurate approaches. The aim of this paper, conducted by the Benthos Ecology Working Group of ICES, is to describe how the principles have been translated, which were the challenges and best way forward. We have tackled the following principles: the ecosystem-based approach, the development of benthic indicators, the definition of ‘pristine’ or sustainable conditions, the detection of pressures and the development of monitoring programs. We concluded that testing and integrating the different approaches was facilitated during the WFD process, which led to further insights and improvements, which the MSFD can rely upon. Expert involvement in the entire implementation process proved to be of vital importance.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.09.015
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    A generic framework to assess the representation and protection of benthic ecosystems in European marine protected areas (2020)
    In:  EPIC3Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 30(7), pp. 1253-1275, ISSN: 1052-7613
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-15
    Description: There is concern across the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) region that a consideration of vulnerable components and the wider support mechanisms underpinning benthic marine ecosystems may be lacking from the process of marine protected area (MPA) designation, management and monitoring. In this study, MPAs across six European ecoregions were assessed from a benthic ecology perspective. The study included 102 MPAs, designated by 10 countries, and focused on three aspects regarding the role of the benthos in: (i) the designation of MPAs; (ii) the management measures used in MPAs; and (iii) the monitoring and assessment of MPAs. Qualitative entries to a questionnaire based on an existing framework (EU project ‘Monitoring Evaluation of Spatially Managed Areas’, (MESMA) were collected by 19 benthic experts of the ICES Benthic Ecology Working Group. A pedigree matrix was used to apply a numerical scale (score) to these entries. The results showed clear differences in scores between ecoregions and between criteria. The designation‐phase criteria generally achieved higher scores than the implementation‐phase criteria. Poor designation‐phase scores were generally reiterated in the implementation‐phase scores, such as scores for assessment and monitoring. Over 70% of the MPA case studies were found to consider the benthos to some extent during selection and designation; however, this was not followed up with appropriate management measures and good practice during the implementation phase. Poor spatial and temporal coverage of monitoring and ineffective indicators is unlikely to pick up changes caused by management measures in the MPA. There is concern that without adequate monitoring and adaptive management frameworks, the MPAs will be compromised. Also, there could be an increased likelihood that, with regard to the benthos, they will fail to meet their conservation objectives. This assessment was successful in highlighting issues related to the representation and protection of the benthos in MPAs and where changes need to be made, such as expanding the characterization and monitoring of benthic species or habitats of interest. These issues could be attributable to an ongoing process and/or an indication that some MPAs only have ‘paper protection’.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
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