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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge transfer across a conducting polypyrrole membrane separated by two electrolyte solutions (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 2 (1990), S. 623-629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article describes anion transfer across a conducting polypyrrole membrane (PPM) using cyclic voltammetry with a four-electrode system. The transfer process of both chloride and nitrate anions across the polypyrrole membrane used to separate two pools of electrolyte solutions has been studied. A wide potential window beyond 3 V was obtained, and well-developed voltammograms for the transfer of nitrate and chloride anions appeared within this window. The transfer process depends on the ion size, the ion charge, and the surface characteristics of the polypyrrole membrane. The one-way transfer phenomenon observed in different potential-bias directions can be explained by the asymmetrical ion channel model of the polypyrrole membrane.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140020809
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Landfast ice in the Kara Sea reduces the subsurface salinity in the central Arctic Ocean (2022)
    In:  EPIC32022 Arctrain annual meeting, Orford, Canada, 2022-05
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-04
    Description: Landfast ice is sea ice that is attached to the coastline via its tensile strength, grounding to the ocean floor from pressure ridges in the Stamukhi region, or anchoring on offshore islands. Fast ice is a platform used by local communities for hunting, traveling and a place for oil and gas drilling and scientific observation. Previous work shows that adding tensile strength to sea ice in regions of shallow bathymetry in order to simulate represent landfast ice in models improves the simulation of the halocline and thermohaline circulation by changing the location of new ice formation and brine rejection at the edge of landfast ice in coastal polynya. However, the impact of fast ice presence or absence in coastal regions with deeper bathymetry (e.g. Kara Sea) on the Arctic hydrography remains unknown. In this contribution, we compare the simulated hydrography in the full Arctic with and without landfast ice parameterization that allows for a landfast ice cover in deep coastal region through lateral anchoring with land --- something not resolved in coarse ice-ocean models. Results show a fresher upper ocean signal when landfast ice is present --- because of the isolating effect of stable ice cover --- that is advected eastward from the Kara Sea to the Makarov Basin (north of the Laptev Sea) via Vilkitsky Strait, suggesting a proper landfast ice simulation in the Kara Sea influences the hydrography in the Arctic and the circulation of Atlantic and Pacific water below the halocline.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Numerical modeling on landfast ice in the Arctic (2021)
    In:  EPIC3VI ECCOMAS YOUNG INVESTIGATORS CONFERENCE, Online, 2021-07-07-2021-07-09
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-28
    Description: Sea ice is regarded as a clear indicator of climate change in the Arctic Ocean. Landfast ice is immobile or nearly immobile sea ice in coastal regions that affects the transfer of heat, moisture, and momentum between the atmosphere and the ocean. As an extension of the land for travel and hunting, landfast ice also determines the construction of ice roads and Arctic shipping routes in the summertime. Despite the important role of landfast ice in the climate system, landfast ice is not simulated very well by current sea ice models and needs to be parameterized, for example, by a grounding scheme. Comparing landfast ice in two sea-ice simulations with different grid resolutions indicates that a higher resolution model better presents landfast ice in deep water regions, where a grounding scheme fails. The better representation of coastline details, which serve as pinning points for sea ice arches in the high-resolution model, is thought to improve the representation of landfast ice. Based on this hypothesis, a new parameterization of lateral drag as a function of sea ice thickness, drift velocity, and coastline length is presented. The results suggest that a combination of lateral drag parameterization and grounding (parameterized by basal stress) is required to simulate fast ice in most regions successfully. This work may lead to a versatile landfast ice parameterization for sea ice models in both shallow and deep coastal areas in the Arctic.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Numerical modeling on landfast ice in Arctic region (2021)
    EGU
    In:  EPIC3vEGU21, 2021-04-19-2021-04-30Numerical modeling on landfast ice in Arctic region, EGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-28
    Description: Sea ice is regarded as a significant indicator of climate change in the Arctic Ocean. Landfastice is sea ice that is immobile or almost immobile in coastal regions, decreasing the transfer of heat, moisture, and momentum. As an extension of the land for travel and hunting, landfast ice also influences the construction of ice roads and arctic shipping routes in the summertime. Despite the important role of landfast ice in the climate system, the formation and maintenance of landfast ice are not well simulated by current sea ice models. Lemieux (2015) came up with the grounding scheme, by adding a basal stress term according to the water depth, improving landfast ice representation in shallow regions while underestimating in deep regions especially in the Kara Sea. The two different resolution model configurations with the MIT General Circulation Model (MITgcm) sea ice package is compared in landfast ice simulation in the arctic region. Preliminary results show that a higher resolution model better represents landfast ice in deep regions. The proper illustration of coastlines, which serve as pinning points for sea ice arches, in the high-resolution model can improve the representation of landfast ice. We also apply a new parameterization lateral drag term, a function with sea ice thickness, drift velocity, and coastline intricacy, in the model to better simulate landfast ice. The results suggest a combination of lateral drag and basal stress terms successfully simulates fast ice in most regions
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    A New Parameterization of Coastal Drag to Simulate Landfast Ice in Deep Marginal Seas in the Arctic (2022)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 127(6), ISSN: 2169-9275
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-28
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Landfast ice in the Kara Sea reduces the subsurface salinity in the central Arctic Ocean
    In:  EPIC3
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    RV POSEIDON 523 Cruise Report / Fahrtbericht Malaga (Spain) 02.05.2018 Ponta Delgada (Azores) 23.05.2018 POS523 – ENERGY TRANSFER II (2019)
    GEOMAR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-19
    Description: The RV Poseidon cruise 523 (POS523) is the second cruise to the work area as part of the observational program of the TRR 181 'Energy Transfers in Atmosphere and Ocean', and focussed on the energy transfer by low-mode internal waves. The goals of the cruise were to recover and redeploy a mooring to record the temporal variability of the internal wave field and associated energy fluxes, and to use time series CTD/LADCP/microstructure stations to assess locally the temporal variability of mixing, dissipation, and internal wave fluxes. The region south of the Azores in the east Atlantic is ideally suited for this kind of process study, because it is an area of a strong internal tide signal radiating away from the islands. The cruise track is located south of a chain of seamounts in a tidal beam formed by constructive interference of internal tides, and crosses the critical latitude for parametric subharmonic instability (PSI). During the cruise, we collected time series of CTD/LADCP and microstructure between 36 h and 52 h length on 5 stations in up to 4600 m water depth along the tidal beam between 29°20’N and 32°N latitude. In total 64 CTD/LADCP casts and 18 microstructure data sets were measured. The mooring equipped with current meter/temperature logger pairs and acoustic Doppler current profiler was successfully recovered and later redeployed along the track at 30°29’N, 30°12’W in a water depth of 4500 m (to be retrieved in 2019). All anticipated goals of the cruise were accomplished.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Report - Cruise Report
  • 8
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    Group Synchronization of Nonlinear Complex Dynamics Networks with Sampled Data (2014)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-25
    Description: Based on a nonlinear consensus protocol, this paper considers the group synchronization of complex dynamical networks with sampled data. Using the Lyapunov method, the group synchronization of the nonlinear complex networks is analyzed. All the nodes in each group can converge to their own synchronous state asymptotically, if the sampled period satisfies some matrix inequality conditions. Furthermore, the theoretical results are verified by some simulations.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 9
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    Adaptive molecular evolution of MC1R gene reveals the evidence for positive diversifying selection in indigenous goat populations (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-09
    Description: Detecting signatures of selection can provide a new insight into the mechanism of contemporary breeding and artificial selection and further reveal the causal genes associated to the phenotypic variation. However, the signatures of selection on genes entailing for profitable traits between Chinese commercial and indigenous goats have been poorly interpreted. We noticed footprints of positive selection at MC1R gene containing SNPs genotyped in five Chinese native goat breeds. An experimental distribution of F ST was built based on approximations of F ST for each SNP across five breeds. We identified selection using the high F ST outlier method and found that MC1R candidate gene show evidence of positive selection. Furthermore, adaptive selection pressure on specific codons was determined using different codon based on maximum-likelihood methods; signature of positive selection in mammalian MC1R was explored in individual codons. Evolutionary analyses were inferred under maximum likelihood models, the HyPhy package implemented in the DATAMONKEY Web Server. The results of codon selection displayed positive diversifying selection at the sites were mainly involved in development of genetic variations in coat color in various mammalian species. Positive diversifying selection inferred with recent evolutionary changes in domesticated goat MC1R provides new insights that the gene evolution may have been modulated by domestication events in goats. An experimental distribution of F ST was built based on approximations of F ST for each SNP across five breeds. We identified selection using the high F ST outlier method and found that MC1R candidate gene show evidence of positive selection. Furthermore, adaptive selection pressure on specific codons was determined using different codon-based maximum-likelihood methods; signature of positive selection in mammalian MC1R was explored in individual codons. Evolutionary analyses were inferred under maximum-likelihood models, the HyPhy package implemented in the DATAMONKEY Web Server.
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-7758
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
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    Application of dam deformation prediction based on LSSVR optimized by ASA-ABC (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-18
    Description: In order to improve the prediction accuracy of the dam deformation, aiming at the difficulty to determining the parameters of the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) and the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) is prone to fall into local optimum when optimizing parameters, a self-adaptive simulated annealing mechanism is designed to improve the optimization performance of the ABC algorithm, so that a prediction model based on least squares support vector regression optimized by adaptive simulated annealing artificial bee colony (ASA-ABC-LSSVR) is constructed, and the model is applied to dam deformation prediction. The experimental results show that ASA-ABC effectively solves the difficult to balance the development and exploration capability of ABC. Compared with the prediction model based on the LSSVR and the model based on the LSSVR optimized by ABC (ABC-LSSVR), the ASA-ABC-LSSVR model has higher prediction accuracy and the prediction trend is more practical.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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