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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of Y2O3 films with (001) Si substrates and with polycrystalline Si capping layers (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 712-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We use electron energy-loss spectroscopy in scanning transmission electron microscopy to investigate interfacial reactions of chemical vapor deposited Y2O3 films with the Si substrate and with in situ polycrystalline Si ("poly-Si") capping layers after postdeposition annealing. We find that in situ capping layers significantly reduce the formation of SiO2 at the interface with the substrate, but silicates form at the substrate and the capping layer interfaces. Predeposition nitridation of the Si surface can impede the reaction at the substrate interface, resulting in crystallization of Y2O3 in the film interior. Possible mechanisms of the silicate formation are discussed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1496500
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteasomal ATPase homologue (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 55 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A screen for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) mutants sensitive to reactive nitrogen intermediates identified transposon insertions in the presumptive proteasomal ATPase gene mpa (mycobacterium proteasome ATPase; Rv2115c). mpa mutants are attenuated in both wild type and nitric oxide synthase 2 deficient mice. In this work, we show that attenuation of mpa mutants is severe, and that Mpa is an ATPase associated with various cellular activities (AAA) ATPase that forms hexameric rings resembling the eukaryotic complex p97/valosin-containing protein (VCP). Point mutations in the conserved Walker box ATPase motifs of Mpa greatly reduced or abolished ATPase activity in vitro and abrogated protection of Mtb against acidified nitrite. A mutant Mpa protein missing only its last two amino acids retained ATPase activity, yet failed to protect Mtb against nitrite. The corresponding strain was attenuated in mice. Thus, Mpa is an ATPase whose enzymatic activity is necessary but not sufficient to protect against reactive nitrogen intermediates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04403.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ATPase-dependent cooperative binding of ORC and Cdc6 to origin DNA (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural & molecular biology 12 (2005), S. 965-971 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-9985
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Binding of Cdc6 to the origin recognition complex (ORC) is a key step in the assembly of a pre-replication complex (pre-RC) at origins of DNA replication. ORC recognizes specific origin DNA sequences in an ATP-dependent manner. Here we demonstrate cooperative binding of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb1002
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Note on the Best Invariant Estimator of a Distribution Function Under the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Loss (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics 49 (1997), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9052
    Keywords: Best invariant estimator ; Kolmogorov-Smirnov loss ; minimaxity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For the invariant decision problem of estimating a continuous distribution function with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov loss within the class of ‘proper– distribution functions, it is proved that the sample distribution function is the best invariant estimator only for the sample size n = 1 and 2. Further it is shown that the best invariant estimator is minimax. Exact jumps of the best invariant estimator are derived for n ≤ 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003154627756
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    Towards reliable Arctic sea ice prediction using multivariate data assimilation (2019)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Science Bulletin, Elsevier, 64, pp. 63-72
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-29
    Description: Rapid declines in Arctic sea ice have captured attention and pose significant challenges to a variety of stakeholders. There is a rising demand for Arctic sea ice prediction at daily to seasonal time scales, which is partly a sea ice initial condition problem. Thus, a multivariate data assimilation that integrates sea ice observations to generate realistic and skillful model initialization is needed to improve predictive skill of Arctic sea ice. Sea ice data assimilation is a relatively new research area. In this review paper, we focus on two challenges for implementing multivariate data assimilation systems for sea ice forecast. First, to address the challenge of limited spatiotemporal coverage and large uncertainties of observations, we discuss sea ice parameters derived from satellite remote sensing that (1) have been utilized for improved model initialization, including concentration, thickness and drift, and (2) are currently under development with the potential for enhancing the predictability of Arctic sea ice, including melt ponds and sea ice leads. Second, to strive to generate the “best” estimate of sea ice initial conditions by combining model simulations/forecasts and observations, we review capabilities and limitations of different data assimilation techniques that have been developed and used to assimilate observed sea ice parameters in dynamical models.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Estimating Three‐Dimensional Structures of Eddy in the South Indian Ocean From the Satellite Observations Based on the isQG Method (2023)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Key Points: The high-resolution eddy's 3D structures are estimated from the satellite observations based on the interior + surface quasigeostrophic (isQG) method Introducing the higher-resolution sea surface temperature observation to isQG method enhances the effective resolution of reconstruction A correction scheme in density reconstruction within the mixed layer is suggested to offset the absence of mixed layer dynamics By incorporating the high-resolution satellite remote sensing sea surface temperature (SST) with low-resolution sea level anomaly and sea surface salinity (SSS), this study explores the reconstructability of the three-dimensional (3D) eddy structures via the “interior + surface quasigeostrophic” (isQG) method in the South Indian Ocean. We apply the incorporation of high-resolution SST to improve the spatial resolution of the reconstruction. We also propose a correction scheme for density reconstruction within the mixed layer to offset the absence of mixed layer dynamics in the SQG framework. Comparison against the in situ observations demonstrates a satisfactory reconstructability for subsurface velocity and density anomalies. Statistically, the zonal velocity reconstructability outperforms its meridional counterpart and the corresponding velocity phase. The reconstructed shallow-layer velocity exhibits a superior skill in eddy-active regions, when compared with drogued drifter observations. Reconstructed subsurface velocities reproduce the spatial structures of eddy-induced velocity anomaly along the GO-SHIP observation transect, although present smaller magnitudes. Results demonstrate the potential applicability of the isQG method for reconstructing mesoscale eddies, particularly in the ocean at mid-to-high latitudes, where subsurface dynamics are strongly influenced by barotropic and the first baroclinic modes. With the upcoming high-advanced satellite observations, the isQG framework is expected to achieve better subsurface estimations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Kinematic features in patients with lateral discoid meniscus injury during walking (2018)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-23
    Description: Kinematic features in patients with lateral discoid meniscus injury during walking Kinematic features in patients with lateral discoid meniscus injury during walking, Published online: 22 March 2018; doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22935-0 Kinematic features in patients with lateral discoid meniscus injury during walking
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    The IL-8/CXCR1 axis is associated with cancer stem cell-like properties and correlates with clinical prognosis in human pancreatic cancer cases (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-02
    Description: CXCR1, a receptor for CXCL8/IL-8, has recently been demonstrated to be associated with cancer stem cell (CSC) populations in certain types of human cancers. However, the effect of CXCR1 on CSC and its prognostic value in human pancreatic cancer remain unknown. In this study, we evaluated the expression of CXCR1 in human pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and found that positive CXCR1 expression correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.017) and a poor survival rate (HR, 3.748; 95% CI, 1.822 to 7.712; P 〈 0.001) in patients with PDAC. In addition, we identified significant positive correlations between CXCR1 and CD44 (P = 0.002) and CD133 (P = 0.017). Further functional studies confirmed that IL-8 addition increased sphere formation, CSC populations, and cell invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and that these effects could be reversed by antagonizing CXCR1 with a CXCR1-specific antibody. Therefore, our study demonstrated that the IL-8/CXCR1 axis is associated with the CSC-like properties of pancratic cancer cells and prognosis in human pancreatic cancer. This suggested a way of targeting pancreatic CSCs by disrupting IL-8/CXCR1 axis. Scientific Reports 4 doi: 10.1038/srep05911
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Mapping high-resolution surface current by incorporating geostrophic equilibrium with surface quasigeostrophic theory using multi-source satellite observations (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: In the past three decades, altimeter-based remote sensing has been a widely used system to estimate ocean surface currents. However, it remains a great challenge to effectively resolve scales below ∼100 km at high latitudes and ∼ 300 km at mid-latitudes. In this study, we propose a scheme that utilizes geostrophic equilibrium and surface quasigeostrophy theory (SQG) to improve surface current resolution by incorporating remote sensing sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface height (SSH), and sea surface salinity (SSS) observations. The scheme separately characterizes the larger-scale flows and smaller-scale motions of surface currents. A case study encompassing the Agulhas surface current demonstrates that the smaller-scale motions associated with temperature fronts are well captured by introducing high spatial-temporal resolution SST data. Furthermore, the reconstructed surface current is systemically evaluated by using surface drogued drifters and a Lagrangian synthetic particle tracking tool throughout the South Indian Ocean (SIO) for 2011–2015. Notably, the reconstructed zonal velocity component is closer to the drifter observations than the meridional counterpart and corresponding velocity phase. Regionally, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) showcases superior reconstruction performance, with higher skill scores and lower Lagrangian separation distances. However, a relatively large uncertainty is observed around the Agulhas Retroflection (AR) and Greater Agulhas System (GAS), which are linked to complicated regional dynamic regimes. We finally conduct four simulation experiments to explore the effect of different SST products on surface current reconstruction within the subdomain AR. The results indicate the varying potentials of the four evaluated SST products for informing surface current applications. Specifically, the MWIRSST enhances the likelihood of particles reaching the target field, while DMI OI shortens the average deviation distance of the arrived particles.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Energies, Vol. 10, Pages 1569: A Stable and Fast-Transient Performance Switched-Mode Power Amplifier for a Power Hardware in the Loop (PHIL) System (2017)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Energies
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-12
    Description: Energies, Vol. 10, Pages 1569: A Stable and Fast-Transient Performance Switched-Mode Power Amplifier for a Power Hardware in the Loop (PHIL) System Energies doi: 10.3390/en10101569 Authors: Jianjun Sun Chenxu Yin Jinwu Gong Yewei Chen Zhiqiang Liao Xiaoming Zha Power Hardware in the Loop (PHIL) systems are used to test a power system with the help of combined software and hardware. Generally, to construct a PHIL system, a switched-mode power amplifier that has a stable performance is used, because of their large, linear signal control-to-output characteristics. However, the fundamental limitations of a switch-mode power amplifier (PA) are the dynamic performance and output bandwidth. In this paper, a compound controller has been used for the rectifier part of a PA, which can ensure the stability of a PA under transient or fault operating conditions. Moreover, a compound controller, which involves a feed-forward controller, a proportional controller and a repetitive controller, is proposed in the inverter part of a PA, and it can be used for PHIL applications. Experimental results are obtained under various operating conditions, such as transient responses under load step change, and output voltage bandwidth testing for a PHIL system, it is concluded that a proposed switched-mode power amplifier is useful for the PHIL system.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1073
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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