Anmerkung: Intro -- Foreword -- Series Editors -- Managing Editor -- Advisory Board -- Contents -- Contributors -- Setting the Stage -- 1 The Upper Vistula Basin-A Geographical Overview -- Abstract -- 1 Location in Europe -- 2 Geographical Diversity of the Upper Vistula Basin -- 3 Tradition and Culture -- 4 Population and Economy-Land Use and Functional Variety -- 5 Hydrological Significance of the Upper Vistula Basin in the Hydrology of Poland -- 6 Final Remarks -- References -- 2 Floods in Mountain Basins -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Physiographic and Meteorological Conditions of Flood Occurrence in the Swiss Alps -- 3 Physiographic and Meteorological Conditions of Flood Occurrence in the Polish Carpathians -- 4 Recent Advances in Flood Research in the Polish Carpathians -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 Anatomy of Flood Risk -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Flood Risk and Its Components -- 2.1 Flood Hazard -- 2.2 Exposure to Floods -- 2.3 Vulnerability to Floods -- 3 Changes in Flood Risk -- 3.1 Changes in Hazard -- 3.2 Changes in Exposure -- 3.3 Changes in Vulnerability -- 4 Managing and Reducing Flood Risk -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Factors Influencing Flood Risk (80) -- 4 Flood Generation Mechanisms and Changes in Principal Drivers -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Climate Track in Flood Generation -- 3 Flood-Generating Mechanisms-An Overview -- 4 Flood Generating Mechanisms in the Upper Vistula Basin -- 5 Changes in Terrestrial Drivers of Floods -- 5.1 Factors Regulating Flood Runoff -- 5.1.1 Reforestation of Catchments -- 5.1.2 Construction of Dam Reservoirs -- 5.2 Factors Accelerating Flood Runoff -- 5.2.1 Construction of Flood Embankments and Channel Regulation -- 5.2.2 Channel Incision -- 5.2.3 Loss of Channel Storage in the Impounded Reach of the Upper Vistula River. , 5.3 Expansion of Riparian Forests Increasing Large Wood Recruitment to River Channels -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5 Methods to Assess Large Wood Dynamics and the Associated Flood Hazard in Polish Carpathian Watercourses of Different Size -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Field Setting -- 3 Investigations of Large Wood Dynamics in Kamienica Stream -- 3.1 Monitoring of the Recruitment and Transport of Large Wood in a Mountain Stream -- 3.2 Wood Inventory in Kamienica Stream -- 4 Investigations of Large Wood Dynamics in the Czarny Dunajec River -- 4.1 Wood Inventories in a Wide Mountain River -- 4.2 Observations of the Vegetative Regeneration of Living Wood -- 4.3 Tracking Experiment with Radio Transmitter-Tagged Logs -- 4.4 Numerical Modelling of Large Wood Dynamics in Contrasting River Morphologies -- 5 Discussion and Conclusions -- 5.1 Suitability of the Used Methods for Examination of Large Wood Dynamics in the Watercourses -- 5.2 Large Wood Dynamics in the Mountain Stream and the Mountain River -- 5.3 Implication of Large Wood Dynamics in the Mountain Watercourses of Different Size to Flood Hazard -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Large Wood Transport, Deposition and Remobilization during Floods in the Czarny Dunajec River: Outcomes from Numerical Modelling -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Site: The Czarny Dunajec River -- 3 Methods -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Large Wood Transport -- 4.2 Large Wood Deposition -- 4.3 Large Wood Remobilization -- 4.4 Large Wood Dynamics Under Unsteady Flow Conditions -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 Modelling Hydraulic Parameters of Flood Flows for a Polish Carpathian River Subjected to Variable Human Impacts -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 3 Study Methods. , 3.1 Estimation of Flood Discharges of Given Recurrence Interval -- 3.2 Field-Derived Data -- 3.3 Hydraulic Modelling and Data Analysis -- 3.4 Analysis of Changes in Channel Conveyance -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Differences in Hydraulic Parameters Between Incised, Channelized and Multi-thread Cross-Sections -- 4.2 Patterns of the Variation in Hydraulic Parameters Among the Cross-Sections at Different Flood Frequencies -- 4.3 Differences Between Initial and Finally Used Roughness Values Indicated by the Calibration of Modelled Water Stages -- 4.4 Changes in the Conveyance of the Channelization Scheme -- 4.5 Development of Natural Levees in Channelized and Unmanaged River Reaches -- 5 Discussion -- 5.1 Hydraulic Conditions in the River Reaches of Different Morphology -- 5.2 Roughness Calibration as a Way to Integrate Various Effects on the Accuracy of Flood-Flow Modelling -- 5.3 Influence of Overbank Deposition on Channel Conveyance -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Deciphering Changes in Observation Records -- 8 Observed Changes in Air Temperature and Precipitation and Relationship between them, in the Upper Vistula Basin -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Changes in Air Temperature of the Upper Vistula Basin in the Light of Global Temperature Trends -- 3 Annual, Seasonal and Monthly Air Temperature -- 4 Changes in Precipitation of the Upper Vistula Basin -- 5 Links Between Temperature and Precipitation -- 6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 Change in Atmospheric Circulation Patterns -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Climatology of Circulation Types and Indices -- 3 Relation Between Flood Precipitation and Circulation Patterns -- 4 Variability and Trends in Circulation Types and Indices Impacting the Frequency of Flood Precipitation -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References. , 10 Climate Reconstruction from Tree-Rings in the Tatra Mountains -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Geographical Setting -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Tree-Ring Data -- 3.2 Climatic Data and Growth/Climate Response -- 3.3 The Climate Reconstruction -- 4 The Results and Discussion -- 4.1 The Tree-Ring Width Chronologies -- 4.2 Growth/Climate Response -- 4.3 The Climate Reconstruction -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11 Variability of Flood Frequency and Magnitude During the Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries in the Northern Foreland of the Tatra Mountains -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Site and Data Acquisition -- 3 Flood Trend Detection and Attribution -- 3.1 Flood Trend Detection -- 3.2 Flood Trend Attribution -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Annual Maximum Discharge -- 4.2 Flood Frequency and Seasonality -- 4.3 Summary of Flood Trends -- 4.4 Potential Drivers of Flood Trends -- 4.4.1 Meteorological Drivers -- 4.4.2 Large-Scale Climate Drivers -- 4.4.3 Other Potential Drivers -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 Deciphering Flood Event Information from Tree-Ring Data in the Tatra Mountains: Implications for Hazard Assessment -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fundamentals of Tree-Ring-Based Paleoflood Reconstructions -- 3 Paleoflood Reconstruction in Tatra Mountain Streams Using Tree Rings -- 3.1 Study Site -- 3.2 Temporal Reconstruction of Floods in Tatra Mountain Streams -- 3.3 Scar-Based Peak Discharge Reconstruction in Tatra Mountain Streams -- 4 Implications for Paleoflood Reconstructions in the Tatra Mountains -- 4.1 Climate Triggers and Flood Variability -- 4.2 Implications for Flood Hazard Assessments -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 History of Floods on the Upper Vistula -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 General Information on the Vistula and Its Floods. , 3 Sources of Information on Upper Vistula Floods -- 4 Floods in the Upper Vistula River Basin Until 1972 -- 5 Floods in the Upper Vistula River Basin After 1972 -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 14 Palaeohydrology of the Upper Vistula River Basin -- Abstract -- 1 History of the Landscape of the Upper Vistula River Basin -- 2 Changes in the Hydrological Regime Since the Late Glacial to the Present -- 3 The Role of Man in Transforming the Hydrological Regime in the Last Two Millennia -- References -- Projections and Adaptation -- 15 Projections of Precipitation in the Northern Foothills of the Tatra Mountains -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Study Site -- 3 Methods -- 3.1 Introduction to Downscaling -- 3.2 Dynamical and Statistical Downscaling -- 3.3 Delta-Change Method -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 16 Hydroclimatic Projections for the Upper Vistula Basin -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Projections of Temperature -- 3 Projections of Precipitation -- 4 Projections of Runoff -- 5 Changes in High Flow -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 17 Projections of Changes in Flood Hazard in Two Headwater Catchments of the Vistula in the Context of European-Scale Studies -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Review of Large-Scale (Global and European) Flood Hazard Projections -- 3 Flood Hazard Projections for Central Europe -- 4 Interpretation of Differences in Flood-Hazard Projections -- 5 Flood Hazard Detection and Projections for Poland -- 6 Flood Hazard Projections for the Two Headwater Catchments of the Vistula -- 7 Impact on Climate Change Adaptation and Flood Risk Reduction -- 8 Outlook and Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 18 Flood Risk Management in the Upper Vistula Basin in Perspective: Traditional versus Alternative Measures -- Abstract. , 1 Introduction.

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record