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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brown Tide blooms in Long Island’s coastal waters linked to interannual variability in groundwater flow (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 3 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: There has been a widespread increase in the reporting of harmful and ‘nuisance’ algal blooms in the coastal ocean over the past few decades. On the global scale this is suspected to be a consequence of coastal eutrophication, however, on a case-by-case basis there is usually insufficient evidence to discriminate between the effects of human and natural causal factors. Intense blooms of the ‘Brown Tide’ unicellular algae (Aureococcus anophagefferens) have occurred sporadically since 1985 in coastal waters of Eastern Long Island and have devastated the local commercial scallop fishery. Analysis of an 11-year time-series dataset from this region indicates that bloom intensity is correlated with higher salinities and inversely correlated with the discharge of groundwater. Laboratory and field studies suggest that whereas salinity is unlikely to represent a direct physiological control on Brown Tide blooms, the addition of inorganic nitrogen tends to inhibit Brown Tide blooms. Budget calculations indicate that the inorganic nitrogen supply from groundwater is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than any other external source of nitrogen for this ecosystem. Biweekly time series data collected in 1995 demonstrate that Brown Tide blooms utilize dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) for growth, as evidenced by a large decrease in DON parallel with an increase in cell abundance. On an interannual basis, bloom intensity was also positively correlated with mean DON concentrations. We hypothesize that bloom initiation is regulated by the relative supply of inorganic and organic nitrogen, determined to a large extent by temporal variability in groundwater flow. The 1980s and 1990s were characterized by exceptionally high and interannually variable groundwater discharge, associated with a large-scale climate shift over the North Atlantic. This, coupled with the time-lagged discharge of groundwater with high nitrate concentrations resulting from increased fertilizer use and population increase during the 1960s and 1970s, may have been a key factor in the initiation of Brown Tide blooms in 1985.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.00117.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mesoscale phytoplankton bloom in the polar Southern Ocean stimulated by iron fertilization (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 407 (2000), S. 695-702 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Changes in iron supply to oceanic plankton are thought to have a significant effect on concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide by altering rates of carbon sequestration, a theory known as the ‘iron hypothesis’. For this reason, it is important to understand the response of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35037500
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a major fucoxanthin-, chlorophylla/c-containing protein from the chrysophyteIsochrysis galbana: implications for evolution of thecab gene family (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 25 (1994), S. 355-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: cDNA ; cab ; chromophyte ; FCP ; Isochrysis galbana ; light-harvesting complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the primary structure of a cDNA encoding a light-harvesting protein from the marine chrysophyteIsochrysis galbana. Antibodies raised against the major fucoxanthin, chlorophylla/c-binding light-harvesting protein (FCP) ofI. galbana were used to select a cDNA clone encoding one of the FCP apoproteins. The nucleic acid and deduced amino acid sequences reveal conserved regions within the first and third transmembrane spans with Chla/b-binding proteins and with FCPs of another chromophyte. However, the amino acid identity betweenI. galbana FCP and othercab genes of FCPs is only ca. 30%. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the FCP genes of both diatoms and chrysophytes sequenced to date are more closely related tocab genes encoding LHC I, CP 29, and CP 24 of higher plants than tocab genes encoding LHC II of chlorophytes. We propose that LHC I, CP 24 and CP 29 and FCP might have originated from a common ancestral chl binding protein and that the major LHC II of Chla/b-containing organisms arose after the divergence between the chromophytes and the chlorophytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00043865
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  • 4
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    The effect of nutrients on carbon and nitrogen fixation by the UCYN-A–haptophyte symbiosis (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Nature Publishing Group for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in ISME Journal 9 (2015): 1635–1647, doi:10.1038/ismej.2014.253.
    Description: Symbiotic relationships between phytoplankton and N2-fixing microorganisms play a crucial role in marine ecosystems. The abundant and widespread unicellular cyanobacteria group A (UCYN-A) has recently been found to live symbiotically with a haptophyte. Here, we investigated the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe) and Saharan dust additions on nitrogen (N2) fixation and primary production by the UCYN-A-haptophyte association in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic Ocean using nifH expression analysis and stable isotope incubations combined with single cell measurements. N2 fixation by UCYN-A was stimulated by the addition of Fe and Saharan dust although this was not reflected in the nifH expression. CO2 fixation by the haptophyte was stimulated by the addition of ammonium nitrate as well as Fe and Saharan dust. Intriguingly, the single-cell analysis using nanoSIMS indicates that the increased CO2 fixation by the haptophyte in treatments without added fixed N is likely an indirect result of the positive effect of Fe and/or P on UCYN-A N2 fixation and the transfer of N2-derived N to the haptophyte. Our results reveal a direct linkage between the marine carbon and nitrogen cycles that is fuelled by the atmospheric deposition of dust. The comparison of single-cell rates suggests a tight coupling of nitrogen and carbon transfer that stays balanced even under changing nutrient regimes. However, it appears that the transfer of carbon from the haptophyte to UCYN-A requires a transfer of nitrogen from UCYN-A. This tight coupling indicates an obligate symbiosis of this globally important diazotrophic association.
    Description: We thank Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene (Sopran) and the Sonderforschungsbereich SFB754 for financial support. This study was funded by the Max Planck Society.
    Keywords: Diazotrophs ; Double CARD–FISH ; N2 fixation ; NanoSIMS ; Saharan dust ; Single–cell
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Dissolved organic nitrogen hydrolysis rates in axenic cultures of Aureococcus anophagefferens (Pelagophyceae) : comparison with heterotrophic bacteria (2005)
    American Society for Microbiology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Society for Microbiology, 2002. This article is posted here by permission of American Society for Microbiology for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68 (2002): 401-404, doi:10.1128/AEM.68.1.401-404.2002.
    Description: The marine autotroph Aureococcus anophagefferens (Pelagophyceae) was rendered axenic in order to investigate hydrolysis rates of peptides, chitobiose, acetamide, and urea as indicators of the ability to support growth on dissolved organic nitrogen. Specific rates of hydrolysis varied between 8 and 700% of rates observed in associated heterotrophic marine bacteria.
    Description: This work was supported by grants from the Suffolk County Department of Health Services, Office of Ecology, the Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation, and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
    Keywords: Aureococcus anophagefferens ; Hydrolysis rates
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: 87965 bytes
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  • 6
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    The ocean sampling day consortium (2015)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-18
    Description: © The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in GigaScience 4 (2015): 27, doi:10.1186/s13742-015-0066-5.
    Description: Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.
    Description: This work was supported by the Micro B3 project, which is funded from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; Joint Call OCEAN.2011‐2: Marine microbial diversity – new insights into marine ecosystems functioning and its biotechnological potential) under the grant agreement no 287589.
    Keywords: Ocean sampling day ; OSD ; Biodiversity ; Genomics ; Health index ; Bacteria ; Microorganism ; Metagenomics ; Marine ; Micro B3 ; Standards
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Day length is a significant driver of seasonal bacterial diversity in polar, temperate and tropical marine time-series (2022)
    In:  EPIC3Ocean Sciences Meeting, online event
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-30
    Description: Unravelling the relationship between biological diversity and ecosystem resilience is a timeless topic dating back to Alexander von Humboldt’s expeditions in the early 19th century. While global oceanographic expeditions and basin-wide transects show positive correlations between microbial diversity and temperature or productivity, they often lack temporal replication, and include few high latitude observations especially during winter months. Here, using seasonal amplicon sequence data from six time-series in the northern and southern hemispheres, we show that on a multiannual basis marine microbial alpha-diversity (species richness and evenness) correlate most strongly with day length, rather than with temperature and chlorophyll a (as proxy for primary production), independent of the targeted 16S rRNA hypervariable region. By integrating data from 2003 to 2020, our evidence suggests that microbial diversity and annually recurring community composition are governed by similar principles, from subtropic to polar oceans. These global trends are consistent regardless of the collection methods, DNA extraction chemistry, sequencing technologies or bioinformatic pipelines. Hence, to understand drivers of marine microbial diversity, larger-scale studies need to embed their analyses into the context of regional seasonal variations. Overall, our synthesis reframes the fundamental drivers of marine microbial diversity as phenological, and suggests that although the state of the temperature and chlorophyll spectra should be considered, it is regular sampling over seasonal cycles that can disentangle these effects. Our findings support the idea that microbial diversity patterns and ecosystem stability are regulated by holistic feedback systems. Or as Alexander von Humboldt already stated, Nature is interconnected, linking ‘the little things’ with global interactions and patterns will allow us to place the observed microbial diversity into the bigger picture.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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