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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Trauma und Berufskrankheit 1 (1999), S. 152-157 
    ISSN: 1436-6274
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Untere Extremität ; Marknagelung ; CT-Messung ; Rotationsfehler ; Derotationsosteotomie ; Key words Lower extremity ; Intramedullary nailing ; CT measurement ; Rotational malalignment ; Corrective osteotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Intraoperative control of torsion in closed intramedullary nailing of femur and tibia fractures is a well-known problem. Postoperative side-to-side rotational differences are quite common, but are not easily detected by clinical examination. Therefore, the results of 750 CT measurements of torsion and length following intramedullary nailing of fractures of the lower extremity were analysed. The patients affected were 619 men and 131 women. A rotational difference of more than 10° was measured in 42.2% of cases and a difference greater than 20° in 12.4%. These values are outside the range of intraindividual torsional differences, for which the maximum is 15 °. According to their clinical symptoms these patients need a corrective derotational osteotomy. Postoperative CT measurement allows accurate quality control and makes it possible to perform an early correction before fracture healing. The radiation exposure is low. In order to reduce the number of rotational malalignments following intramedullary nailing routine postoperative CT scanning is recommended.
    Notes: Die unzureichende intraoperative Torsionskontrolle bei geschlossener Marknagelung von Ober- und Unterschenkelfrakturen ist ein hinlänglich bekanntes Problem. Postoperative Drehdifferenzen zur gesunden Gegenseite sind daher nicht selten, klinisch jedoch häufig nicht exakt zu verifizieren. Daher wurden die Daten von 750 Patienten, 619 Männern und 131 Frauen, die nach Marknagelung von Ober- und Unterschenkelfrakturen ein CT zur Längen- und Drehdifferenzbestimmung erhielten, analysiert. 42,2% wiesen eine Rotationsdifferenz 〉 10°, 12,4% 〉 20° auf. Diese Werte liegen außerhalb der intraindividuellen Torsionsabweichungen von maximal 15° und sollten deshalb einer Derotation zugeführt werden, zumal wenn entsprechende klinische Beschwerden vorliegen. Neben einer objektiven Qualitätskontrolle eröffnet die postoperative CT-Messung die Möglichkeit einer Frühkorrektur vor knöcherner Konsolidierung. Die Strahlenbelastung ist dabei vertretbar gering. Aufgrund der relativ hohen Zahl von Drehfehlern nach Marknagelung wird die routinemäßige postoperative CT-Messung empfohlen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 221 (1969), S. 480-489 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using the Mössbauer-Spectroscopy the temperature dependence of the magnetic fieldH(T) at the site of the57Fe-nuclei in FeF3 has been measured fromT=78 K toT=400 K. From the experimental data the Néel-Temperature was determined to beT N =362,5(1) K. Measurements in the vicinity of the Néel-point (0,87≦T/T N ≦ 0.999) yield a critical exponentβ=0.354(6) and a value for the coefficient D=1.23(3).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The19F(p, p′ γ)19F reaction and a pulsed proton-beam have been used to measure the time spectra of the 197 keV-γ-radiation from various fluorine-powder-targets (BeF2, MgF2, CaF2, CrF2, MnF2, FeF2, CoF2, NiF2, CuF2, BaF2 and PbF2) in order to determine the static nuclear quadrupole-interaction parameters. Taking the valueQ=−(0.10±0.02) 10−24cm2 for the quadrupole-moment of the excited 5/2+-state of19F, the main-components of the fieldgradient at the site of the fluorine nuclei in the various crystal lattices have been obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The angular distribution of the 440 keV-γ-radiation following the reaction23Na(p, p′)23Na has been measured. The experimental results areW(Θ)=1-(0,147±0,05)P 2(cosΘ) in the resonanceE p =1281 keV andW(Θ)=1-(0,099 ± 0,06)P 2(cosΘ) in the resonanceE p =1456 keV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 199 (1967), S. 422-432 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The various methods of evaluating delayedγ—γ coincidence time spectra are discussed and used to determine the half-life of the 81 keV-level in133Cs. A value ofT 1/2=(6,25 ± 0,05) ns was obtained. It will be shown, that in the case of a momentum-analysis of background subtracted and strongly asymmetric time spectra one has to extrapolate the measured time spectrum in order to get consistent results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 217 (1968), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The nuclear half-life of the 287 keV second excited state of75Se, populated by the reaction75As(p, n)75Se* has been measured by the delayed coincidence technique. NaJ(Tl)- and Ge(Li)-detectors were used for measuringγ-energies and time-spectra. By slope analysis of the time-spectra we obtained a half-life of T1/2(75Se, 287 keV)=(30.0±0.4) ns. Possible spin assignments for the 287 keV state in75Se from logft-values derived fromβ +-decay data of75Br to this level byBaskova et al are 3/2− and 1/2−. Application of an external magnetic field of 24 kG to the target nuclei yielded no measurable perturbation of the time-spectra, thus a spin value of 1/2− for this level seems to be more probable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 231 (1970), S. 1-9 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using theγ-radiation of 748 and 28 keV the half-lives of the first two excited states in51Cr at 748 and 776 keV have been measured by a pulsed beam technique. The interesting states were populated by the reaction51V(p, nγ)51Cr at 4 MeV proton energy. The half-lives were found to beT 1/2(51Cr, 748 keV)=(7.35±0.03) ns andT 1/2(51Cr, 776 keV)=(5.53±0.07) ns. The influence of the 28 keV transition between the two levels upon the lifetime of the 748 keV state has been investigated. The 776 keV-state populates the 748 keV state only by 8.4%. The lifetime of the 776 keV state, therefore, cannot account for the anomalous long lifetime of the level at 748 keV as has been proposed by Bartholomew et al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 213 (1968), S. 202-214 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The half-life of the first excited states of150Nd,152Sm,154Sm,160Gd and170Er have been measured by pulsed beam-technique. Using the slope-method and a momentumanalysis we get the following results:150Nd 131 keV-levelT 1/2=(1.48±0.04) ns152Sm 122 keV-levelT 1/2=(1.44±0.03) ns154Sm 82 keV-levelT 1/2=(3.00±0.06) ns160Gd 75 keV-levelT 1/2=(2.68±0.06) ns170Er 79 keV-levelT 1/2=(1.88±0.05) ns
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Phagocytosis; cyclosporine A particles; morphometry; latex particles.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro model to estimate the clearance of pulmonary administered cyclosporine A (CsA). To do this we estimated the volume of CsA particles phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages (AM) lavaged from hamsters. AM were cultured with CsA particles at two doses of particles (0.1 mg or 0.5 mg) and at three incubation times (1 h, 6 h or 24 h). The AM were also incubated with or without latex particles. After incubation, AM were processed for light and electron microscopy and the mean volume of phagocytosed particles was esti mated stereologically from micrographs of the cells. Here, however, the CsA particles were dissolved during the embedding process and only their negative images (vacuoles) could be detected. An indirect method was therefore developed. The volume of cytoplasmic vacuoles (called 'background' vacuoles) was estimated in control macrophages (without particles or with latex particles and subtracted from the total volume of vac uoles in macrophages incubated with CsA, which gave the volume of phagocytosed CsA. The volume of the 'background' vacuoles remained constant in all study conditions. At a dose of 0.1 mg CsA the volume phagocytosed per macrophage was 13.83 μm3 at 1 h, 8.43 μm3 at 6 h and 4.50 μm3 at 24 h. At a dose of 0.5 mg CsA, the volume phagocytosed varied from 26.59 μm3 at 1 h, to 4.13 μm3 at 6 h and 49.10 μm3 at 24 h. These results show no statistically significant dependence on time for either dose, and a statistically significant dose effect only at 24 h. With latex particles, the phagocytosed volume increased significantly with time and dose and was significantly higher than for CsA particles. This study showed that CsA particles are phagocytosed by AM from hamsters but to a lesser extent than latex particles. This difference could be correlated with physical properties, i.e. a difference between particle size and shape and/or chemical properties, latex particles being inert and CsA particles being peptidic. Moreover, different surface receptors on AM could be involved in the process of phagocytosis of CsA and latex particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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