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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synthesis of Lipoamino Acids and Their Activity against Cerebral Ischemic Injury
    MDPI AG ; 2009
    In:  Molecules Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2009-10-12), p. 4051-4064
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2009-10-12), p. 4051-4064
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules14104051
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prognostic Significance of Primary Tumor Location in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Treated with Nephroureterectomy: A Retrospective, Multi-Center Cohort Study in Taiwan
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2020-11-27), p. 3866-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2020-11-27), p. 3866-
    Abstract: We sought to examine the effect of tumor location on the prognosis of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). This retrospective study came from the Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group, which consisted of 2658 patients at 15 institutions in Taiwan from 1988 to 2019. Patients with kidney-sparing management, both renal pelvic and ureteral tumors, as well as patients lacking complete data were excluded; the remaining 1436 patients were divided into two groups: renal pelvic tumor (RPT) and ureteral tumor (UT), with 842 and 594 patients, respectively. RPT was associated with more aggressive pathological features, including higher pathological T stage (p 〈 0.001) and the presence of lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.002), whereas patients with UT often had synchronous bladder tumor (p 〈 0.001), and were more likely to bear multiple lesions (p = 0.001). Our multivariate analysis revealed that UT was a worse prognostic factor compared with RPT (overall survival: HR 1.408, 95% CI 1.121–1.767, p = 0.003; cancer-specific survival: HR 1.562, 95% CI 1.169–2.085, p = 0.003; disease-free survival: HR 1.363, 95% CI 1.095–1.697, p = 0.006; bladder-recurrence-free survival: HR 1.411, 95% CI 1.141–1.747, p = 0.002, respectively). Based on our findings, UT appeared to be more malignant and had a worse prognosis than RPT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123866
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Current Status and Correlation of Physical Activity and Tendency to Problematic Mobile Phone Use in College Students
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 23 ( 2022-11-28), p. 15849-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 23 ( 2022-11-28), p. 15849-
    Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of problematic mobile phone use on college students’ physical activity and their relationships. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3980 college students from three universities in Jiangsu province by random cluster sampling. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short (IPAQ-SF) measured college students’ physical activity. The Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale for College Students (MPATS) measured problematic mobile phone use tendencies. College students’ physical activity was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short (IPAQ-SF), and the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale measured their mobile phone addiction tendency for College Students (MPATS). Results: (1) The proportions of the low-, medium-, and high-intensity physical activity were 83.5%, 10.7%, and 5.8%, respectively, with gender differences; The score of problematic mobile phone use tendency was 38.725 ± 15.139. (2) There were significant differences in problematic mobile phone use tendency among college students with different physical activity intensity (F = 11.839, p 〈 0.001, η2 = 0.007). (3) The level of physical activity was significantly correlated with the tendency of problematic mobile phone use (r = −0.173, p 〈 0.001). (4) Physical activity of college students could significantly predict the tendency of problematic mobile phone use (F (3,3605) = 11.296, p 〈 0.001). Conclusions: The physical activity of college students was mainly moderate to low intensity, while the tendency of problematic mobile phone use was high. College students’ physical activity level was one of the important constraints of problematic mobile phone use tendency.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315849
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Endophytic Burkholderia cenocepacia ETR-B22 by SPME-GC-MS and Their Inhibitory Activity against Various Plant Fungal Pathogens
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Molecules Vol. 25, No. 17 ( 2020-08-19), p. 3765-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 25, No. 17 ( 2020-08-19), p. 3765-
    Abstract: The use of antagonistic microorganisms and their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to control plant fungal pathogens is an eco-friendly and promising substitute for chemical fungicides. In this work, endophytic bacterium ETR-B22, isolated from the root of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep., was found to exhibit strong antagonistic activity against 12 fungal pathogens found in agriculture. Strain ETR-B22 was identified as Burkholderia cenocepacia based on 16S rRNA and recA sequences. We evaluated the antifungal activity of VOCs emitted by ETR-B22. The VOCs from strain ETR-B22 also showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against 12 fungal pathogens. The composition of the volatile profiles was analyzed based on headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Different extraction strategies for the SPME process significantly affected the extraction efficiency of the VOCs. Thirty-two different VOCs were identified. Among the VOC of ETR-B22, dimethyl trisulfide, indole, methyl anthranilate, methyl salicylate, methyl benzoate, benzyl propionate, benzyl acetate, 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol, allyl benzyl ether and nonanoic acid showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity, and are key inhibitory compounds produced by strain ETR-B22 against various fungal pathogens. Our results suggest that the endophytic strain ETR-B22 and its VOCs have high potential for use as biological controls of plant fungal pathogens.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173765
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cotreatment of MSWI Fly Ash and Granulated Lead Smelting Slag Using a Geopolymer System
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2019-01-08), p. 156-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2019-01-08), p. 156-
    Abstract: Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) and granulated lead smelting slag (GLSS) are toxic industrial wastes. In the present study, granulated lead smelting slag (GLSS) was pretreated as a geopolymer precursor through the high-energy ball milling activation process, which could be used as a geopolymeric solidification/stabilization (S/S) reagent for MSWI FA. The S/S process has been estimated through the physical properties and heavy metals leachability of the S/S matrices. The results show that the compressive strength of the geopolymer matrix reaches 15.32 MPa after curing for 28 days under the best parameters, and the physical properties meet the requirement of MU10 grade fly ash brick. In addition, the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test results show that arsenic and heavy metals are immobilized effectively in the geopolymer matrix, and their concentrations in the leachate are far below the US EPA TCLP limits. The hydration products of the geopolymer binder are characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared methods. The results show that the geopolymer gel and Friedel’s salt are the main hydration products. The S/S mechanism of the arsenic and heavy metals in the geopolymer matrix mainly involves physical encapsulation of the geopolymer gel, geopolymer adsorption and ion exchange of Friedel’s salt.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010156
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Retrieval and Evaluation of Chlorophyll-A Spatiotemporal Variability Using GF-1 Imagery: Case Study of Qinzhou Bay, China
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-04-22), p. 4649-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-04-22), p. 4649-
    Abstract: Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration is a measure of phytoplankton biomass, and has been used to identify ‘red tide’ events. However, nearshore waters are optically complex, making the accurate determination of the chlorophyll-a concentration challenging. Therefore, in this study, a typical area affected by the Phaeocystis ‘red tide’ bloom, Qinzhou Bay, was selected as the study area. Based on the Gaofen-1 remote sensing satellite image and water quality monitoring data, the sensitive bands and band combinations of the nearshore Chl-a concentration of Qinzhou Bay were screened, and a Qinzhou Bay Chl-a retrieval model was constructed through stepwise regression analysis. The main conclusions of this work are as follows: (1) The Chl-a concentration retrieval regression model based on 1/B4 (near-infrared band (NIR)) has the best accuracy (R2 = 0.67, root-mean-square-error = 0.70 μg/L, and mean absolute percentage error = 0.23) for the remote sensing of Chl-a concentration in Qinzhou Bay. (2) The spatiotemporal distribution of Chl-a in Qinzhou Bay is varied, with lower concentrations (0.50 μg/L) observed near the shore and higher concentrations (6.70 μg/L) observed offshore, with a gradual decreasing trend over time (−0.8).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su13094649
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Accurate Design of Solar Selective Absorber Based on Measured Optical Constants of Nano-thin Cr Film
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Coatings Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2020-09-30), p. 938-
    Details
    In: Coatings, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2020-09-30), p. 938-
    Abstract: Solar selective absorbers have significant applications in various photothermal conversion systems. In this work, a global optimization method based on genetic algorithm was developed by directly optimizing the solar photothermal conversion efficiency of a nano-chromium (Cr) film-based solar selective absorber aiming to work at the specified working temperature and solar concentration. In consideration of the semi-transparent metal absorption layer employed in multilayered solar selective absorbers, the optical constants of ultrathin Cr film were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometer and introduced into the optimization process. The ultrathin Cr film-based solar selective absorber was successfully designed and fabricated by the magnetron sputtering method for the working temperature at 600 K and a solar concentration of 1 Sun. The measured reflectance spectra of the sample show a good agreement with the numerical simulations based on measured optical constants of ultrathin Cr film. In comparison, the simulated results by using the optical constants of bulk Cr film or literature data exhibit a large discrepancy with the experimental results. It demonstrates the significance of considering the actual optical constants for the semi-transparent metal absorption layer in the design of nano-metal film-based solar selective absorber.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/coatings10100938
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662314-6
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Nucleus Accumbens Tac1 Neural Circuit Regulates Avoidance Responses to Aversive Stimuli
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2023-02-22), p. 4346-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2023-02-22), p. 4346-
    Abstract: Neural circuits that control aversion are essential for motivational regulation and survival in animals. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in predicting aversive events and translating motivations into actions. However, the NAc circuits that mediate aversive behaviors remain elusive. Here, we report that tachykinin precursor 1 (Tac1) neurons in the NAc medial shell regulate avoidance responses to aversive stimuli. We show that NAcTac1 neurons project to the lateral hypothalamic area (LH) and that the NAcTac1→LH pathway contributes to avoidance responses. Moreover, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) sends excitatory inputs to the NAc, and this circuit is involved in the regulation of avoidance responses to aversive stimuli. Overall, our study reveals a discrete NAc Tac1 circuit that senses aversive stimuli and drives avoidance behaviors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054346
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Doxorubicin–Gelatin/Fe3O4–Alginate Dual-Layer Magnetic Nanoparticles as Targeted Anticancer Drug Delivery Vehicles
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Polymers Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 1747-
    Details
    In: Polymers, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2020-08-05), p. 1747-
    Abstract: In this study, magnetic nanoparticles composed of a core (doxorubicin–gelatin) and a shell layer (Fe3O4–alginate) were developed to function as targeted anticancer drug delivery vehicles. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as a model drug and embedded in the inner gelatin core to obtain high encapsulation efficiency. The advantage of the outer magnetic layer is that it targets the drug to the tumor tissue and provides controlled drug release. The physicochemical properties of doxorubicin–gelatin/Fe3O4–alginate nanoparticles (DG/FA NPs) were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction. The mean diameter of DG/FA NPs, which was determined using a zeta potential analyzer, was 401.8 ± 3.6 nm. The encapsulation rate was 64.6 ± 11.8%. In vitro drug release and accumulation were also studied. It was found that the release of DOX accelerated in an acidic condition. With the manipulation of an external magnetic field, DG/FA NPs efficiently targeted Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and showed in the nucleus after 6 h of incubation. After 12 h of incubation, the relative fluorescence intensity reached 98.4%, and the cell viability of MCF-7 cells decreased to 52.3 ± 4.64%. Dual-layer DG/FA NPs could efficiently encapsulate and deliver DOX into MCF-7 cells to cause the death of cancer cells. The results show that DG/FA NPs have the potential for use in targeted drug delivery and cancer therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4360
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/polym12081747
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527146-5
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