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  • PANGAEA  (484)
  • Springer  (23)
  • MDPI  (5)
Document type
Keywords
Publisher
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity of the thermohaline circulation in coupled oceanic GCM – atmospheric EBM experiments (1996)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 12 (1996), S. 403-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We analyze the sensitivity of the oceanic thermohaline circulation (THC) regarding perturbations in fresh water flux for a range of coupled oceanic general circulation – atmospheric energy balance models. The energy balance model (EBM) predicts surface air temperature and fresh water flux and contains the feedbacks due to meridional transports of sensible and latent heat. In the coupled system we examine a negative perturbation in run-off into the southern ocean and analyze the role of changed atmospheric heat transports and fresh water flux. With mixed boundary conditions (fixed air temperature and fixed surface fresh water fluxes) the response is characterized by a completely different oceanic heat transport than in the reference case. On the other hand, the surface heat flux remains roughly constant when the air temperature can adjust in a model where no anomalous atmospheric transports are allowed. This gives an artificially stable system with nearly unchanged oceanic heat transport. However, if meridional heat transports in the atmosphere are included, the sensitivity of the system lies between the two extreme cases. We find that changes in fresh water flux are unimportant for the THC in the coupled system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050117
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity of the thermohaline circulation in coupled oceanic GCM — atmospheric EBM experiments (1996)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 12 (1996), S. 403-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We analyze the sensitivity of the oceanic thermohaline circulation (THC) regarding perturbations in fresh water flux for a range of coupled oceanic general circulation — atmospheric energy balance models. The energy balance model (EBM) predicts surface air temperature and fresh water flux and contains the feedbacks due to meridional transports of sensible and latent heat. In the coupled system we examine a negative perturbation in run-off into the southern ocean and analyze the role of changed atmospheric heat transports and fresh water flux. With mixed boundary conditions (fixed air temperature and fixed surface fresh water fluxes) the response is characterized by a completely different oceanic heat transport than in the reference case. On the other hand, the surface heat flux remains roughly constant when the air temperature can adjust in a model where no anomalous atmospheric transports are allowed. This gives an artificially stable system with nearly unchanged oceanic heat transport. However, if meridional heat transports in the atmosphere are included, the sensitivity of the system lies between the two extreme cases. We find that changes in fresh water flux are unimportant for the THC in the coupled system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00211686
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Biome changes and their inferred climatic drivers in northern and eastern continental Asia at selected times since 40 cal ka bp (2018)
    Springer
    In:  Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 27 (2). pp. 365-379.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-17
    Description: Recent global warming is pronounced in high-latitude regions (e.g. northern Asia), and will cause the vegetation to change. Future vegetation trends (e.g. the “arctic greening”) will feed back into atmospheric circulation and the global climate system. Understanding the nature and causes of past vegetation changes is important for predicting the composition and distribution of future vegetation communities. Fossil pollen records from 468 sites in northern and eastern Asia were biomised at selected times between 40 cal ka bp and today. Biomes were also simulated using a climate-driven biome model and results from the two approaches compared in order to help understand the mechanisms behind the observed vegetation changes. The consistent biome results inferred by both approaches reveal that long-term and broad-scale vegetation patterns reflect global- to hemispheric-scale climate changes. Forest biomes increase around the beginning of the late deglaciation, become more widespread during the early and middle Holocene, and decrease in the late Holocene in fringe areas of the Asian Summer Monsoon. At the southern and southwestern margins of the taiga, forest increases in the early Holocene and shows notable species succession, which may have been caused by winter warming at ca. 7 cal ka bp. At the northeastern taiga margin (central Yakutia and northeastern Siberia), shrub expansion during the last deglaciation appears to prevent the permafrost from thawing and hinders the northward expansion of evergreen needle-leaved species until ca. 7 cal ka bp. The vegetation-climate disequilibrium during the early Holocene in the taiga-tundra transition zone suggests that projected climate warming will not cause a northward expansion of evergreen needle-leaved species.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00334-017-0653-8
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Atmospheric bridge on orbital time scales (2017)
    Springer
    In:  Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 128 (3-4). pp. 709-718.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-17
    Description: Large-scale atmospheric patterns are examined on orbital timescales using a climate model which explicitly resolves the atmosphere–ocean–sea ice dynamics. It is shown that, in contrast to boreal summer where the climate mainly follows the local radiative forcing, the boreal winter climate is strongly determined by modulation of circulation modes linked to the Arctic Oscillation/North Atlantic Oscillation (AO/NAO) and the Northern/Southern Annular Modes. We find that during a positive phase of the AO/NAO the convection in the tropical Pacific is below normal. The related atmospheric circulation provides an atmospheric bridge for the precessional forcing inducing a non-uniform temperature anomalies with large amplitudes over the continents. We argue that this is important for mechanisms responsible for multi-millennial climate variability and glacial inception.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00704-015-1725-2
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Holocene Environmental Variability in the Arctic Gateway (2015)
    Springer
    In:  In: Integrated Analysis of Interglacial Climate Dynamics (INTERDYNAMIC). , ed. by Schulz, M. and Paul, A. Springer Briefs in Earth System Sciences . Springer, Berlin, pp. 37-42. ISBN 978-3-319-00692-5
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Environmental changes in the region connecting the Arctic Ocean and the northern North Atlantic were studied for the last 9,000 years (9 ka) by a combination of proxy-based paleoceanographic reconstructions as well as transient and time-slice simulations with climate models. Today, the area is perennially ice-covered in the west and ice-free in the east. Results show that sea-ice conditions were highly variable on short timescales in the last 9 ka. However, sea-ice proxies reveal an overall eastward movement of the sea-ice margin, in line with a decreasing influence of warm Atlantic Water advected to the Arctic Ocean. These cooling trends were rapidly reversed 100 years ago and replaced by the general warming in the Arctic. Model results show a consistently high freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean during the last 7 ka. The signal is robust against the Holocene cooling trend, however sensitive towards the warming trend of the last century. These results may play a role in the observed Arctic changes.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00693-2_7
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 6
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    Challenges in the Paleoclimatic Evolution of the Arctic and Subarctic Pacific since the Last Glacial Period—The Sino–German Pacific–Arctic Experiment (SiGePAX) (2019)
    MDPI
    In:  Challenges, 10 (1). Art.Nr. 13.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Arctic and subarctic regions are sensitive to climate change and, reversely, provide dramatic feedbacks to the global climate. With a focus on discovering paleoclimate and paleoceanographic evolution in the Arctic and Northwest Pacific Oceans during the last 20,000 years, we proposed this German–Sino cooperation program according to the announcement “Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) of the Federal Republic of Germany for a German–Sino cooperation program in the marine and polar research”. Our proposed program integrates the advantages of the Arctic and Subarctic marine sediment studies in AWI (Alfred Wegener Institute) and FIO (First Institute of Oceanography). For the first time, the collection of sediment cores can cover all climatological key regions in the Arctic and Northwest Pacific Oceans. Furthermore, the climate modeling work at AWI enables a “Data-Model Syntheses”, which are crucial for exploring the underlying mechanisms of observed changes in proxy records.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3390/challe10010013
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Biomarker data of four sediment cores from the Arctic Ocean (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Stein, Ruediger; Fahl, Kirsten; Gierz, Paul; Niessen, Frank; Lohmann, Gerrit (2017): Arctic Ocean sea ice cover during the penultimate glacial and the last interglacial. Nature Communications, 8(1), 13 pp, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00552-1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Coinciding with global warming, Arctic sea ice has rapidly decreased during the last four decades and climate scenarios suggest that sea ice may completely disappear during summer within the next about 50-100 years. Here we produce Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy records for the penultimate glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 6) and the subsequent last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e). The latter is a time interval when the high latitudes were significantly warmer than today. We document that even under such warmer climate conditions, sea ice existed in the central Arctic Ocean during summer, whereas sea ice was significantly reduced along the Barents Sea continental margin influenced by Atlantic Water inflow. Our proxy reconstruction of the last interglacial sea ice cover is supported by climate simulations, although some proxy data/model inconsistencies still exist. During late Marine Isotope Stage 6, polynya-type conditions occurred off the major ice sheets along the northern Barents and East Siberian continental margins, contradicting a giant Marine Isotope Stage 6 ice shelf that covered the entire Arctic Ocean.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    COSMOS model simulations of NAO-like variability during middle Oligocene (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; File format; File name; File size; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 12 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Satellite derived and ice model data off Western Antarctic Peninsula (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Keywords: Antarctic sea ice; AWI_Envi; File content; File format; File name; File size; highly branched isoprenoids; IPSO25; Paleoclimate; Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems @ AWI; sea ice proxy; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Climate model results of Fram Strait and Greenland-Scotland Ridge gateway sensitivity studies of COSMOS in NetCDF format (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Herein, we publish the simulated global annual mean temperature (THO), salinity (SAO), ice compactness (SICOMO), Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), Global Meridional Overturning Circulation (GMOC), zonal velocity (UKO), meridional velocity (VKE), 10m u-velocity (u10), 10m v-velocity (v10), mixed layer depth (zmld), horizontal barotropic streamfunction (PSIUWE) and sealevel (ZO) over a time period of 100 years retrieved from equilibrium climate simulations for the Miocene (~23-15 Ma) and use different Greenland-Scotland Ridge (GSR) and Fram Strait (FS) sill depths as a representative for different tectonic settings that occur during the subsidence interval and utilized in the publication by Hossain et al. (2020). The climate data has been produced with COSMOS (ECHAM5/JSBACH/MPIOM/OASIS3), utilized at a resolution of T31 in the atmosphere (19 hybrid sigma-pressure levels) and a resolution of GR30 (bipolar orthogonal curvilinear grid, formal resolution of ~3.0°x1.8°) in the ocean (40 z-coordinate levels). The model setup refers to boundary conditions (incl. changes in orography, bathymetry, physical land surface characteristics, ice sheets, atmospheric CO2) representative for the Miocene. Details on setup and identifiers of Miocene model simulations can be found in Table 1 and Supplementary Table 1 of Hossain et al., 2020.
    Keywords: AWI_PaleoClimate; Fram Strait; Greenland-Scotland Ridge; Miocene; Paleo-climate Dynamics @ AWI; Thermohaline Fingerprints
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 290.7 MBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
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