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  • Inter Research  (13)
  • Oxford Univ. Press  (7)
  • Nature Research  (4)
  • Instituto de Ciencias del Mar - CSIC  (3)
  • EU Bonusproject BIO-C3  (2)
Document type
Publisher
Years
  • 11
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    Characteristics of survivors: growth and nutritional condition of early stages of the hake species Merluccius paradoxus and M. capensis in the southern Benguela ecosystem (2012)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69 (4). pp. 553-562.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-15
    Description: Larval mortality in marine fish is strongly linked to characteristic traits such as growth and condition, but the variability in these traits is poorly understood. We tried to identify the variability in growth in relation to conditions leading to greater survival chances for early stages of Cape hake, Merluccius paradoxus and M. capensis, in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem. During two cruises in 2007 and one cruise in 2008, hake larvae and juveniles were caught. Otolith microstructures revealed a larval age ranging from 2 to 29 days post-hatching (dph), whereas juvenile age was 67–152 dph. RNA:DNA ratios, used to evaluate nutritional condition, were above the relevant threshold level for growth. No strong coupling between growth and condition was detected, indicating a complex relationship between these factors in the southern Benguela ecosystem. Merluccius paradoxus juveniles caught in 2007 (the surviving larvae of 2006) had significantly higher larval growth rates than larvae hatched in 2007 and 2008, possibly indicating selection for fast growth in 2006. High selection pressure on growth could be linked to predation avoidance, including cannibalism.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fss020
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 12
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    Improvements in the fluorimetric determination of the RNA and DNA content of individual marine fish larvae (1993)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 100 . pp. 177-183.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-07
    Description: The RNA/DNA ratio is a useful indicator of the nutritional condition of fish larvae. The presented analytical procedure is an improvement of Clemmesen's (Meeresforschung 32: 134-143, 1988) methodology which involves purification of fish larvae tissue homogenates and subsequent fluorescence-photometric measurements using specific nucleic acid dyes. The modifications concern the homogenization and nucleic acid extraction procedures. A 'shaking mill' was compared to a potter Elvehjem microhomogenizer and a reduction in the washing and purification steps was achieved. Treatment of samples with ribonuclease A and subsequent fluorescence measurement using ethidium bromide was given preference compared to the DNA-bisbenzimidazole determinations due to problems arising from high self-fluorescence of the samples and the influence of 'quenching' substances disturbing the DNA-bisbenzmidazole determinations. Different RNase concentrations and their influences on RNA and DNA were checked. Recovery rates of standard RNA and DNA 'spikes' were determined. Fish larvae samples were analysed with the previous and the improved modified procedure and a correction factor to compare results measured with the 2 procedures was calculated. With the presented method the physiological condition of individual larvae and the amount of variability can be determined.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 13
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    Temperature effects on growth and nucleic acids in laboratory-reared larval coregonid fish (2003)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 259 . pp. 285-293.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-28
    Description: Somatic growth and nucleic acid content were studied in North Sea houting Coregonus oxyrhinchus larvae fed exclusively on dry diets at 2 temperatures (8.4 and 17.5°C) during a 32 d rearing experiment. The higher temperature enhanced growth significantly. Mean dry weights at the end of the experiment were 3.6 mg (SD = 1.07, range 1.4 to 5.7 mg) and 31.5 mg (SD = 21.9, range 3.6 to 96.0 mg), and mean standard lengths were 17.7 ± mm (SD = 1.6, range 11.8 to 19.6 mm) and 25.5 mm (SD = 4.2, range 17.0 to 35 mm), respectively. Significant responses to temperature were also found in the nucleic acids. However, these differences were not as remarkable and gave indications that differences in protein growth between treatments was based on protein biosynthesis being driven by the activity of the ribosomes, rather than their number. The use of the degree-day approach to normalize the data clearly showed the temperature-dependence of somatic growth. Only small differences in growth and nucleic acid content were observed in the comparable range of the first 280 degree-days in fed fish. In non-fed fish, the starving potential was very similar (approx. 350 degree-days). Shifts in growth pattern from predominantly hyperplasia to predominantly hypertrophy were detected, with ongoing growth at both temperatures.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3354/meps259285
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 14
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    Invading Mnemiopsis leidyi as a potential threat to Baltic fish (2007)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 349 . pp. 303-306.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-01
    Description: The occurrence of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi as a new invasive species in the Baltic Sea and the potential consequences for fish stock recruitment was investigated in spring 2007. The study focused on the Bornholm Basin, which serves as the major spawning ground for cod and sprat, the commercially most important fish stocks in the Baltic. The distribution pattern of M. leidyi revealed a substantial overlap with cod eggs. The observed predation of M. leidyi on eggs has the potential to alter the recruitment success of cod, which is the top predator in the system and, thus, to change the Baltic food-web structure.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3354/meps07283
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 15
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    Depth-dependent nutritional condition of sprat Sprattus sprattus larvae in the central Bornholm Basin, Baltic Sea (2007)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 341 . pp. 217-228.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-01
    Description: Bimodal depth distribution patterns observed for sprat Sprattus sprattus larvae in previous field studies conducted in the deep basins of the Baltic Sea have led researchers to hypothesise that larval sprat condition was depth-dependent. We examined this hypothesis by measuring morphological, biochemical and otolith-based proxies for nutritional condition in sprat larvae collected in discrete 5 m depth intervals from the surface to the bottom in the central Bornholm Basin. Similar to earlier studies, larval sprat were most abundant in 2 depth strata (0 to 10 and 65 to 75 m). Their nutritional condition in surface and deep waters was not uniformly expressed by the different indices. For example, sprat larvae from 0 to 10 m could not be distinguished from conspecifics caught at 65 to 75 m by a long-latency condition proxy (otolith-based growth rates). Similarly, a medium-latency proxy (RNA:DNA) did not suggest differences in condition between the depths. However, short-latency proxies (protein:standard length and DNA:dry weight) supported the depth-dependent condition hypothesis. The lack of correspondence and pitfalls associated with the use and interpretation of multiple condition indices (e.g. the influences of temperature and body size) are discussed and recommendations to strengthen these various metrics are provided.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3354/meps341217
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 16
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    A comparison of the nutritional condition of herring larvae as determined by two biochemical methods - tryptic enzyme activity and RNA/DNA ratio measurements (1992)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 49 . pp. 245-249.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-15
    Description: Two biochemical methods for measuring larval fish condition – tryptic enzyme activity and RNA/DNA ratio measurement - were applied to laboratory-reared and wild-caught herring larvae. The comparison of both methods when applied to laboratory-reared herring larvae showed that tryptic enzyme activity and RNA/DNA ratio are linear and positively correlated under constant nutritional conditions. Wild-caught larvae were transferred to the laboratory and used to compare both indicators in relation to shortterm changes in food availability and long-term starvation periods (13 days). In the starvation experiments with the wild-caught larvae the lowest trypsin values were obtained after 3–4 days and a significant decrease in RNA/DNA ratios was obtained after 5–6 days. Prolongation of the starvation time did not result in a further significant change in either parameter. The results of the study demonstrate the usefulness of both methods in monitoring nutritional condition offish larvae in field samples.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/49.2.245
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 17
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    Lipids as a proxy for larval starvation and feeding condition in small pelagic fish: a field approach on match-mismatch effects on Baltic sprat (2015)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 531 . pp. 277-292.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-03
    Description: Sprat Sprattus sprattus larvae were used as model organisms to evaluate whether larval lipids reflect in situ feeding conditions and can thus identify match-mismatch situations. In detail, we determined larval lipid content, growth rates based on RNA:DNA ratios, and fatty acid (FA) composition during the spawning season in the Central Baltic Sea, and evaluated these in light of feeding, mortality and recruitment (which were determined in parallel within the project ‘GLOBEC Germany’). Based on the opposing trend of RNA:DNA and lipid content, as well as on previous observations, we hypothesized that lipid content and current feeding conditions are largely uncoupled in the early life stages of sprat due to reduced lipid anabolism. However, lipids still provide information in several ways: (1) segmented generalised linear models proved to be a suitable tool for identifying phases of lipid catabolism during development, with the slope reflecting size-specific environmental starvation pressure. This method detected a previously identified mismatch situation with suitable prey in the early spawning season, which increased mortality of larger larvae. (2) Estimated starvation resistance, a proxy that accounts for temperature- and size-dependent metabolism, reflected the likelihood of near future starvation of individual larvae. (3) Principal component analyses on FAs identified monthly differences in diet composition. Biomarkers indicated a dinoflagellate and/or microbial loop based carbon flux to the larvae. (4) Regression analyses revealed lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in spring, but no obvious effect on growth. Food quality was generally high, and its impact on larval survival was less evident than that of prey size suitability.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3354/meps11292
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 18
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    Review of environmental factors influencing distributions of selected Baltic species (2015)
    EU Bonusproject BIO-C3
    In:  BIO-C3 Deliverable, D1.1 . EU Bonusproject BIO-C3, 75 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-11
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3289/BIO-C3_D1.1
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 19
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    Growth and nutritional condition of anchovy larvae on the west and southeast coasts of South Africa (2020)
    Inter Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Cape anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus is an ecologically and economically important pelagic fish species occurring along the coast of South Africa. A recent eastward shift in Cape anchovy distribution indicates that environmental conditions are becoming more favorable for the species on the east coast. This shift is particularly important in the sheltered Algoa Bay region, a nursery area for fish larvae. However, the relatively low productivity of the Agulhas Current Large Marine Ecosystem on the eastern coast of South Africa may result in an anchovy population in poorer nutritional condition and with slower growth rates than the west coast population. Using otolith and nucleic acid analyses, the growth rates of anchovy larvae from the western and southeastern coasts of South Africa were compared. The otolith analysis results indicated that, at any given age, individual growth rates for anchovy larvae were higher on the southeast coast than on the west coast. The RNA:DNA values also indicated that instantaneous growth rates of anchovy larvae were higher in Algoa Bay than on the west coast. At the time of sampling, chlorophyll and zooplankton productivity were higher at sampling sites in Algoa Bay than sites on the west coast, potentially due to favorable oceanographic features in the bay. As such, the results suggest that Algoa Bay is a suitable and potentially favorable nursery area for the early stages of anchovy, highlighting the importance of separate management of the southeast coast region in a changing world.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 20
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    Transcriptome profiling reveals exposure to predicted end-of-century ocean acidification as a stealth stressor for Atlantic cod larvae (2019)
    Nature Research
    In:  Scientific Reports, 9 (1). Art.Nr. 16908.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA), a direct consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration dissolving in ocean waters, is impacting many fish species. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed physiological impacts in fish. We used RNAseq to characterize the transcriptome of 3 different larval stages of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to simulated OA at levels (1179 µatm CO2) representing end-of-century predictions compared to controls (503 µatm CO2), which were shown to induce tissue damage and elevated mortality in G. morhua. Only few genes were differentially expressed in 6 and 13 days-post-hatching (dph) (3 and 16 genes, respectively), during a period when maximal mortality as a response to elevated pCO2 occurred. At 36 dph, 1413 genes were differentially expressed, most likely caused by developmental asynchrony between the treatment groups, with individuals under OA growing faster. A target gene analysis revealed only few genes of the universal and well-defined cellular stress response to be differentially expressed. We thus suggest that predicted ocean acidification levels constitute a “stealth stress” for early Atlantic cod larvae, with a rapid breakdown of cellular homeostasis leading to organismal death that was missed even with an 8-fold replication implemented in this study.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52628-1
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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