Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Part I: Wastewater Treatment and Monitoring: Physico-Chemical Treatment -- Chapter 1: RSM and ANN-GA Experimental Design Optimization for Electrocoagulation Removal of Chromium -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Experimental Setup and Procedure -- 2.2 Analytical Techniques -- 2.3 Electrocoagulation Process -- 2.4 Experimental Design -- 2.4.1 Response Surface Methodology -- 2.4.2 Artificial Neural Network-Genetic Algorithm -- 2.5 Path Analysis -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 RSM Modelling and Optimization -- 3.2 Centre Composite Design -- 3.3 ANN-GA Modelling and Optimization -- 3.4 Path Analysis -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Sunlight-Assisted Photo-Fenton Process for Removal of Insecticide from Agricultural Wastewater -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Chemicals Used -- 2.2 Experimental Procedure -- 2.3 Analytical Methods -- 3 Result and Discussions -- 3.1 Effect of pH -- 3.2 Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration -- 3.3 Effect of Ferrous Sulphate Dosing Concentration -- 3.4 Effect of Initial Concentration of Insecticide -- 3.5 Rate Equation and Kinetics -- 3.6 FTIR Spectra Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Catalytic Reduction of Water Contaminant `4-Nitrophenol´ over Manganese Oxide Supported Ni Nanoparticles -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Materials -- 2.2 Synthesis -- 2.3 Characterizations -- 2.4 Catalytic Reduction -- 2.5 Computational Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Computational Studies -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Simulation of Nitrate Removal in a Batch Flow Electrocoagulation-Flotation (ECF) Process by Response Surface Method... -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 ECF Reactor -- 2.2 Experimental Procedure. , 2.3 Experimental Design and Data Analysis -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Development of Regression Model Equation -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Part II: Wastewater Treatment and Monitoring: Biological Treatment -- Chapter 5: Decolourization Studies of a Novel Textile Dye Degrading Bacterium -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Source of Sample -- 2.2 Isolation of Dye-Decolourizing Bacteria -- 2.3 Screening of Dye Decolourizing Bacteria and Decolourization Activity -- 2.4 Optimization of Different Parameters for Maximum Decolourization -- 2.5 Decolourization Analysis with Optimized Condition -- 2.6 Decolourization of Different Dyes -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Isolation and Screening of Dye Decolourizing Bacteria -- 3.2 Dye Decolourization Activity -- 3.3 Optimization for Maximum Decolourization -- 3.4 Decolourization Activity with Different Dyes -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Preliminary Study of Rapid Enhanced Effective Micro-organisms (REEM) in Oil and Grease Trap from Canteen Wastewater -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Wastewater Characteristics -- 2.2 Characteristics of Rapid Effective Enhancements Micro-organisms (REEM) -- 2.3 Experimental Set-up -- 2.4 REEM Batch Experiments -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Effects of REEM on Oil and Grease Removal -- 3.2 Effects of REEM on BOD Removal -- 3.3 Effect of REEM on SS Removal -- 3.4 Oil and Grease Removal in Batch Experiment -- 4 Conclusions -- 5 Recommendation -- References -- Chapter 7: Step-Feed Technology in SBR to Enhance the Treatment of Landfill Leachate -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Experimental Lab-Scale Reactor -- 2.2 Leachate Composition and Seed Sludge -- 2.3 Operating Strategy of Conventional SBR Cycle -- 2.4 Operating Strategy of Step-Feed SBR Cycle -- 2.5 Analytical Method -- 3 Results and Discussion. , 3.1 Overview of System Performance -- 3.2 Performance of Conventional SBR Cycle -- 3.3 Evaluation of Conventional SBR Cycle -- 3.4 Performance of Modified SBR Cycle (Step-Feed Process) -- 3.5 Evaluation of Modified SBR Cycle -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: Response Surface Optimization of Phosphate Removal from Aqueous Solution Using a Natural Adsorbent -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Adsorbent -- 2.2 Adsorbate -- 2.3 Analytical Methods -- 2.4 Adsorption Experiments -- 2.5 RSM-Based Experimental Design, Modelling and Statistical Analysis -- 2.6 Equilibrium Kinetics and Isotherms Studies -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Characterization of Adsorbent and Adsorption Process -- 3.2 RSM Model Fitting and ANOVA Analysis -- 3.3 Interaction of Variables and the Effect on Response -- 3.4 Process Optimization and Experimental Validation -- 3.5 Equilibrium Kinetics and Isotherms Studies -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Water Using Adsorption -- 1 Background -- 2 Adverse Effects of ECs -- 3 Treatment Technologies -- 4 Clay as Adsorbent -- 5 Experimental Studies on Organo Clay in Adsorbing Ciprofloxacin from Water -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Part III: Hydrological and Quality Issues: Surface Water -- Chapter 10: Hydrological Regimes and Zooplankton Ecology at Tempe Floodplains, Indonesia: Preliminary Study Before the Operati... -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Environmental Variables -- 3.2 Zooplankton -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11: Organics and Heavy Metals Content in River Receiving the Effluent of Municipal Landfill Leachate Treatment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Part IV: Hydrological and Quality Issues: Groundwater Contamination. , Chapter 12: Tracing the Significance of River for Arsenic Enrichment and Mobilization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Groundwater Sampling -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13: Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in 14 Districts in Sri Lanka: A Collaboration Research Between Sri Lanka and Jap... -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater Affecting Holocene Aquifers of India: A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Bengal Delta (West Bengal) -- 3.2 Middle Ganga Plain -- 3.3 Ghaghara Valley -- 3.4 Terai Plain of Nepal and West Bengal -- 3.5 Brahmaputra Valley -- 3.6 Barak Valley -- 3.7 Manipur Valley -- 4 Source and Release of Arsenic to Groundwater -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15: Water Quality Evaluation in a Rural Stretch of Tezpur, Assam (India) Using Water Quality Index and Correlation Mat... -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Material and Methods -- 2.1 Sampling Area -- 2.2 Sampling and Analysis -- 2.3 Ground Water Quality Index -- 2.4 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 Water Quality Parameters -- 3.2 Ground Water Quality Index -- 3.3 Statistical Analysis -- 3.3.1 Basic Statistics -- 3.3.2 Correlation Coefficient -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Part V: Hydrological and Quality Issues: Water Resource in Changing Paradigm -- Chapter 16: Meltwater Quality and Quantity Assessment in the Himalayan Glaciers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Assessment of Meltwater Quality -- 2.1 Chemical Weathering and Hydrogeochemical Processes -- 2.2 Input from Atmospheric Precipitation and Anthropogenic Activities -- 3 Assessment of Meltwater Quantity -- 3.1 Meltwater Runoff -- 3.2 Suspended Sediment Transport. , 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 17: Delineation of Point Sources of Recharge in Karst Settings -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Spring Hydrology -- 3.2 Hydrogeochemistry -- 3.3 Water Isotopes in Catchment Waters -- 3.4 Field Investigations -- 3.5 Tracer Test -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 18: Identify the Major Reasons to Cause Vulnerability to Mekong Delta Under the Impacts of Drought and Climate Change -- 1 Mekong Delta -- 2 Assessment Method of Drought Impacts to Eco-social Sectors -- 3 Identification of Drought Impact Types and Causes -- 3.1 The Identification of Drought Impact Types to Each Sector in Mekong Delta -- 3.2 Major Drought Impacts to Each Sector in Mekong Delta -- 3.3 The Causes of Major Drought Impact Types -- 3.4 The Sectors Vulnerable Caused by Drought Impacts in Mekong Delta -- 3.5 Importance of Identification of Major Drought Impact Types and Vulnerable Sector -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 19: Multi-pathway Risk Assessment of Trihalomethanes Exposure in Drinking Water Supplies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Analysis of THMs -- 2.2 Cancer Risk Estimation -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Concentration Range of THMs in Drinking Water Supplies -- 3.2 Risk Assessment -- 3.2.1 Cancer Risk Through Oral Ingestion -- 3.2.2 Cancer Risk from Dermal Absorption -- 3.2.3 Cancer Risk from Inhalation Route -- 3.2.4 Non-cancer Risk Assessment -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 20: The Study of Water Losses Using Knowledge Based System Approach -- 1 Water-Issues and Objectives -- 1.1 The Study Area -- 1.2 Water Balance -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Visual Basic Development -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Knowledge Base -- 3.2 User Interface -- 3.3 Non-revenue Water Expert System (NRWES) -- 3.4 NRW Detections. , 3.5 Non-revenue Water Estimation.

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Section I: Role of Fluvial Geomorphology and Sedimentology in Arsenic Distribution -- Chapter 1: Hydrogeochemical Evolution in the Different Shallow Aquifers of Central Gangetic Plain and Kosi Alluvial Fan and Their Implications for the Distribution of Groundwater Arsenic -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Study Area -- 1.3 Methodology -- 1.4 Groundwater Chemistry -- 1.5 Groundwater Arsenic Distribution and Fate -- 1.6 Conclusion and Synthesis -- References -- Chapter 2: Assessment of Subsurface Lithology by Resistivity Survey Coupled with Hydrochemical Study to Identify Arsenic Distribution Pattern in Central Gangetic Plain: A Case Study of Bhagalpur District, Bihar, India -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Study Area -- 2.2.1 Geology and Hydrogeology -- 2.3 Materials and Methods -- 2.3.1 Sampling Phase I: Groundwater and Core Sampling and Analysis -- 2.3.2 Sampling Phase II: Geophysical Survey -- 2.4 Results and Discussion -- 2.4.1 Arsenic and Its Speciation -- 2.4.2 Relationship Between VES and Hydrochemical Signature of the Aquifer -- 2.4.3 Stable Isotopic Chemistry -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater in the Middle Gangetic Plain, India: Its Relations to Fluvial Geomorphology and Quaternary Stratigraphy -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Study Area -- 3.3 Geological Setting -- 3.4 Materials and Methods -- 3.5 Results and Discussion -- 3.5.1 Distribution of Groundwater Arsenic in Middle Gangetic Basin -- 3.5.2 Distribution of Groundwater Arsenic in Ghaghara Basin -- 3.5.3 Groundwater Arsenic Contamination from Different Parts of Middle Gangetic Basin -- 3.5.4 Source and Release of Arsenic in Groundwater -- 3.6 Conclusions -- References -- Section II: Groundwater Arsenic Characterisations and Risk Assessments. , Chapter 4: Preliminary Assessment of Arsenic Distribution in Brahmaputra River Basin of India Based on Examination of 56,180 Public Groundwater Wells -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Study Area -- 4.3 Methodology -- 4.4 Results -- 4.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Problem, Perspective and Challenges of Arsenic Contamination in the Groundwater of Brahmaputra Flood Plains and Barak Valley Regions of Assam, India -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Study Area Characterisation -- 5.2.1 Geology -- 5.3 Distribution of As in the State of Assam -- 5.3.1 Distribution in the Brahmaputra Flood Plain -- 5.3.2 Arsenic Distribution in the Barak Valley Plain -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater in Barak Valley, Assam, India: Topography-Based Analysis and Risk Assessment -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Material and Methods -- 6.2.1 The Study Area -- 6.2.2 Collection and Analysis of Water Samples -- 6.3 Statistical Analysis -- 6.3.1 Risk Assessment -- 6.4 Results and Discussion -- 6.4.1 District-Wise Distribution of Arsenic in Groundwater -- 6.4.2 Topography-Based Distribution of Arsenic in Groundwater -- 6.4.3 Risk Assessment -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Hydrogeochemistry and Arsenic Distribution in the Gorakhpur District in the Middle Gangetic Plain, India -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Study Area -- 7.2.1 Geology and Geomorphology -- 7.3 Methodology -- 7.3.1 Groundwater Sampling -- 7.3.2 Analytical Techniques -- 7.4 Results and Discussion -- 7.4.1 Major Ion Geochemistry -- 7.4.2 Arsenic Concentration -- 7.4.3 Relationship Between Hydrogeochemical Variable -- 7.5 Conclusions -- References -- Section III: Arsenic Hydrogeochemistry and Processes -- Chapter 8: Arsenic Distribution and Mobilization: A Case Study of Three Districts of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar (India) -- 8.1 Introduction. , 8.1.1 Geological Setting and Location of Study Area -- 8.2 Material and Methods -- 8.2.1 Sampling and Field Parameter Analysis -- 8.2.2 Laboratory Analysis of Water Samples -- 8.3 Results and Discussion -- 8.3.1 Hydrochemistry -- 8.3.2 Hydrochemical Facies -- 8.3.3 Aquifer Vulnerability -- 8.3.4 Geochemical Modelling for Mineral Phases Identification Using PHREEQC -- 8.3.5 Log pCO2 vs State of Saturation -- 8.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Understanding Hydrogeochemical Processes Governing Arsenic Contamination and Seasonal Variation in the Groundwater of Buxar District, Bihar, India -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Methodology -- 9.2.1 Study Area Description -- 9.2.1.1 Hydrogeological Settings -- 9.2.2 Materials and Methods -- 9.3 Results and Discussion -- 9.3.1 General Expressions of Hydro-geochemical Data -- 9.3.2 Graphical Representation of Hydro-geochemical Data -- 9.3.3 Identification of Hydro-geochemical Process -- 9.3.4 Distribution of Arsenic -- 9.3.5 Statistical Analysis -- 9.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Chemical Characteristics of Arsenic Contaminated Groundwater in Parts of Middle-Gangetic Plain (MGP) in Bihar, India -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Materials and Methods -- 10.2.1 Site Description -- 10.2.2 Hydrogeological Settings -- 10.2.3 Sampling, Field Measurements and Laboratory Analyses -- 10.3 Results and Discussion -- 10.3.1 Groundwater Chemistry -- 10.3.1.1 Weathering Processes and Evolution of Groundwater Chemistry -- 10.3.2 Source and Distribution of Redox-Sensitive Parameters -- 10.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11: An Insight into the Spatio-vertical Heterogeneity of Dissolved Arsenic in Part of the Bengal Delta Plain Aquifer in West Bengal (India) -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Materials and Methods -- 11.2.1 Study Area -- 11.2.2 Sampling and Analytical Techniques. , 11.2.3 Statistical and Thermodynamic Calculations -- 11.3 Results -- 11.3.1 Groundwater Chemistry -- 11.3.2 Depth and Spatial Distribution of Arsenic -- 11.3.3 Heterogeneity of Arsenic in Relation to Land Use Characteristics -- 11.3.4 Factor Analysis -- 11.3.5 Mineral Saturation Index -- 11.4 Discussion -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Surface Generated Organic Matter: An Important Driver for Arsenic Mobilization in Bengal Delta Plain -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Concept of Investigation -- 12.3 Material and Methods -- 12.3.1 Field Site -- 12.3.2 Collection and Analysis of Water Samples -- 12.3.3 Collection and Analysis of Sediment Profile -- 12.3.4 Column Leaching Experiment -- 12.4 Results and Discussions -- 12.4.1 Water Samples -- 12.4.2 Elemental Composition and Grain Size Distribution Along the Sediment Profiles -- 12.4.3 Column Experiments -- 12.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13: A Comparative Study on the Arsenic Levels in Groundwaters of Gangetic Alluvium and Coastal Aquifers in India -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Study Area -- 13.2.1 Gangetic Alluvium -- 13.2.2 Southern Coast -- 13.3 Distribution of Arsenic -- 13.4 Depth -- 13.5 Variation in Source of Arsenic -- 13.6 Statistics -- 13.7 Conclusion -- References -- Section IV: Arsenic in Food Chain, Health and Its Remediation -- Chapter 14: Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in Bengal Delta and Its Health Effects -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Arsenic Contamination in Groundwater -- 14.2.1 West Bengal -- 14.2.1.1 Arsenic Concentration in Deeper Tube-Wells (> -- 100 m) -- 14.2.1.2 Estimation of the Number of As-Contaminated Hand Tube-Wells -- 14.2.1.3 Estimation of Population Exposed to As-Contaminated Drinking Water -- 14.2.2 Bangladesh -- 14.2.2.1 Arsenic Concentration in Deeper Tube-Wells (> -- 100 m). , 14.2.2.2 Estimation of the Number of As-Contaminated Hand Tube-Wells -- 14.2.2.3 Estimation of Population Exposed to As-Contaminated Drinking Water -- 14.3 Arsenic Concentration in Biological Samples and Sub-­clinically Affected Population -- 14.4 Evaluation of Clinical Signs and Symptoms in Bengal Delta -- 14.4.1 Arsenical Skin Lesions -- 14.4.2 Arsenic Affected Children -- 14.4.3 Neurological Involvements -- 14.4.4 Obstetric Outcome -- 14.4.5 Methylation Capacity of As-Exposed Adults and Children -- 14.5 How to Combat the Present Arsenic Crisis -- References -- Chapter 15: Impact of Arsenic Contaminated Irrigation Water on Some Edible Crops in the Fluvial Plains of Bihar -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Materials and Methods -- 15.2.1 Sample Collection -- 15.2.2 Preparation of Soil Samples for Arsenic Analysis -- 15.2.3 Plant Sample Digestion Procedure for Arsenic Analysis -- 15.2.4 GIS Applications for Spatial Analysis -- 15.3 Results and Discussion -- 15.3.1 Analysis of Field Work Data -- 15.3.2 Analysis of Pot Experiment Data -- 15.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: A Greenhouse Pot Experiment to Study Arsenic Accumulation in Rice Varieties Selected from Gangetic Bengal, India -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Materials and Methods -- 16.2.1 Experimental Condition -- 16.2.2 Soil Collection and Pot Preparation -- 16.2.3 Selection of Rice Varieties and Seedling Transplantation -- 16.2.4 Sample Collection, Preservation and Digestion -- 16.2.5 Analysis of Total Arsenic -- 16.3 Results and Discussion -- 16.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 17: Status of Arsenic Contamination Along the Gangetic Plain of Ballia and Kanpur Districts, Uttar Pradesh, India and Possible Remedial Measures -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Site Description, Materials and Methods -- 17.2.1 Site Description -- 17.2.2 Geomorphology of Ballia and Kanpur Districts. , 17.2.3 Sampling Methodology and Measurements.

Note: Intro -- Message from Alexander von Humboldt Foundation -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Section I: Water Resources Management -- 3D Geological and Hydrogeological Modelling - Integrated Approaches in Urban Groundwater Management -- Introduction -- 3D Geomodelling in Urban Management -- Model Concepts and Requirements -- Constructive Cross-section Net-based Interpolation -- Statistically Based 3D Interpolation -- Interactive 3D-modelling of the Subsurface Geology -- Geodata and Model Construction -- Interactive Modelling in Real Time -- Integrative Modelling Concepts of Contaminated Urban Aquifers -- Environmental Setting of the Former Industrial Mega-site -- GIS-based Multi-source Data Management -- Integrated Modelling of Urban Aquifers -- Conclusions -- References -- Long-term Saltwater Intrusion Modelling - Case Studies from North Africa, Mexico and Halle -- Introduction -- Nubian Aquifer System -- Yucatan Peninsula -- Saltwater Upconing, Halle (Saale) -- References -- Hydrogeochemical Characterisation and Evaluation of Seasonal Variation in Groundwater Chemistry in Upper Panda River Basin, In... -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Rock-chemical Analysis -- Major Ion Chemistry -- Inter-ionic Relationships and Saturation Indices -- Solute Acquisition Process -- Groundwater Quality Assessment -- Conclusions -- References -- Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability in the Borazjan Aquifer of Bushehr, South of Iran, Using GIS Technique -- Introduction -- Hydrogeological Setting of the Study Area -- The Borazjan Sampling Area -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Soggiacenza as Depth to Water -- Infiltrazione as Net Recharge -- Non Saturo as Impact of the Vadose Zone -- Tipologia Copertura as Soil Media -- Caratteristiche Acquifero as Aquifer Media. , Conducibilita Idraulica as Hydraulic Conductivity -- Acclivita Superficie Topografica as Slope -- The SINTACS Vulnerability Index -- SINTACS Model Validation -- Conclusions -- References -- Geochemical Variations of Groundwater Quality in Coastal and Karstic Aquifers in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Area -- Water Sampling and Analysis -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Water in Ancient Indian Perspective and Ponds of Varanasi as Water Harvesting Structures -- Introduction -- Results and Discussion -- The Case of Varanasi City -- Geomorphology of Varanasi vis-a-vis Ponds and Streams -- Conclusion and Suggestion -- References -- Glacier Mass Balance and Its Significance on the Water Resource Management in the Western Himalayas -- Introduction -- Geochemical Studies in the Western Himalayas -- Remote Sensing and Field-based Studies in the Western Himalayas -- Role of Western Himalayas in Water Resource Management -- References -- Seasonal Variations and Flux of Arsenic in Gomati River, Ganga Alluvial Plain, Northern India -- Introduction -- Study Area -- Methodology -- Results -- Dissolved As Concentration and Seasonal Variations -- Relationship between River Hydrology -- Dissolved as Flux and Its Seasonal Variations -- Discussions -- Comparative Study with the Ganga and Brahmaputra Rivers -- Empirical Modelling -- Conclusions -- References -- Stable Isotopic Signatures for Hydrogeochemical Characterisation of Ground Water from Pondicherry to Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu -- Introduction -- Study Area -- Sampling and Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- The delta2H-delta18O Relationship in Ground Water -- The delta18O-Deutrium - Excess Relationship -- Stable Isotopes (delta18O, deltaD) vs. Chloride -- Compositional Variations of Major Ions -- Stoichiometry of the Waters -- Conclusions. , References -- Assessment of Hydrochemical Evolution of Ground Water through Silica Geothermometry in a Part of Ganga Basin -- Introduction -- Study Area -- Hydrochemical Aspects -- Discussion -- General Alteration Trends -- Ionic Complexes and Possible Solute Acquisition Processes -- Silica Geothermometry -- Relationship of SiO2 with Other Chemical Species -- Conclusion -- References -- Electrical Resistivity Survey for Groundwater Investigation at Sumbli of Jammu District (JandK) -- Introduction -- Geology and Hydrogeology -- Electrical Resisitivity Survey -- Interpretation and Results -- Wenner Resistivity Profile (WRP) -- VES Curves -- Pseudo Geo-electrical Cross-section -- Geo-electrical Cross-sections -- Conclusions -- References -- Isotopic-Chemical Framework of Groundwater Aquifer to Study the Pollution Dynamics at Delhi, India -- Introduction -- Description of the Study Area -- Physiography of the Study Area -- Hydrogeology of the Study Area -- Material and Methods -- Field Investigations -- Chemical Techniques -- Nuclear Techniques -- Measurement of delta18O -- Measurement of deltaD -- Result and Discussion -- Isotope Hydrochemistry -- Major Ion Hydrochemistry -- Conclusion -- References -- Helium and Natural Gas Anomalies in Tubewells around Southern Fringes of Bundelkhand Region, Sagar-Damoh District, Madhya Prad... -- Introduction -- Geology -- Observations -- Geochemical Analysis -- At ONGC, Dehradun -- At NGRI, Hyderabad -- Conclusion -- References -- Section II: Energy and Bio-resources Management -- Production of Renewable Energy and Waste Water Management from Vetiver Grass -- Introduction -- Experiment -- Experimental Setup -- Pyrolysis of Biomass -- Gasification of Char by Production of Water Gas -- Determination of Calorific Value of Biomass -- Result and Discussion -- Analysis of Gas Collected on Pyrolysis of Vetiver Grass. , Calorific Value of Vetiver Grass -- Pyrolysis of Powdered Material of Various Parts of Vetiver Grass -- Effect of Catalyst (Na2CO3) on Pyrolysis of Powdered Material of Various Parts of Vetiver Grass -- Optimization of Catalyst Concentration for Pyrolysis of Stem of Vetiver Grass -- Water Gas Production -- Removal of Chromium -- Conclusion -- References -- Replacing Conventional Fuels through Biogas for Mitigating the Threats related to Climate Change in India: A State-wise Assess... -- Introduction -- Bio-energy as an Alternative Domestic Fuel -- Climate Change Mitigation Dimension -- Methodology -- Biogas Yield Capacity -- Methane Emission Factors -- Conventional Fuels and Energy Content -- Loss of Carbon Sequestration -- Estimation of Emission Reduction -- Mapping of Distribution of Bio-energy Potential -- Results -- Discussion -- References -- Chronic Arsenicosis Induced Oxidative Stress in Cattle: Role of Zn and Se -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Design of Experiment -- Chemicals -- Enzymatic Assays -- Hormone Analysis -- Total Arsenic Analysis -- Statistical Analysis -- Results -- Stress Enzymes Status -- Hormonal Status -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Macro-benthos Diversity in a Headwater Stream Affected by Tea and Paddy Agricultural Runoff, Sri Lanka -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Study Site -- Measurement of Physico-chemical Parameters -- Macro-benthos Sampling and Analysis -- Data Analysis -- Results -- Physico-chemical Parameters -- Macro-benthos Diversity and Other Indices -- Macro-benthos Secondary Productivity -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Bioremediation and Detoxification of Xenobiotic Organic Compounds in Landfill Leachate by Pseudomonas sp. ISTDF1 -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Chemicals -- Sampling and Sampling Site -- Extraction of Compounds from Leachate. , Microorganism and Culture Conditions -- Utilization of Recalcitrant Organic Contaminants by Pseudomonas sp. Strain ISTDF1 -- Treatment of Crude Organic Extract of Leachate by the Bacterial Strain -- Sample Extraction and GC-MS Analysis -- Toxicological Analysis -- Cell Culture -- Cell Viability -- Alkaline Single-cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet Assay) -- Results and Discussion -- Utilization of Aromatic Contaminants by Pseudomonas sp. Strain ISTDF1 -- Growth of Bacterial Strain in MSM Containing Crude Leachate Organic Extract -- Microbial Degradation of Major Contaminants Present in Landfill Leachate -- Cell Viability -- Comet Assay -- Conclusion -- References -- Identifying Knowledge Gaps in Assessing Health Risks due to Exposures of Nanoparticles from Contaminated Edible Plants -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Hazard Identification -- Exposure Assessment -- Scenario Description -- Estimation of Average Daily Dose (ADD) of NPs -- Dose-response Assessment -- Risk Estimation and Characterization -- Example Calculation for Exposures of Ag NPs through Ingestion of Sorghum Seeds -- Results and Discussion -- Identified Gaps at Different Stages of Risk Assessment -- Example Risk Estimation for Ingestion of Sorghum -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Conservation Issues and Possible Solutions for Sustainability of Faunal Diversity of Arunachal Pradesh -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Vertebrate Fauna -- Invertebrate Fauna -- Conservation Issues -- Possible Solutions -- References -- Ambient Noise Levels after CNG Implementation in Transport Sector in Delhi -- Introduction -- Methodology and Experimental Details -- Study Area: Delhi -- Sampling Sites -- Measurement Details -- Modelling Procedure -- Results and Discussion -- Model Development for Residential Zone -- Model Development for Commercial Zone. , Model Development for Industrial Zone.