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  • PANGAEA  (101)
  • Cham : Springer  (3)
  • Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel  (2)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Geology ; Oceanography ; Geomorphology ; Meereskunde ; Meeresboden ; Meeresgeologie ; Meeressediment ; Geomorphologie ; Meeresboden ; Sonar ; Topografie ; Hydroakustik ; Relief ; Geomorphographie
    Description / Table of Contents: This book on the current state of knowledge of submarine geomorphology aims to achieve the goals of the Submarine Geomorphology working group, set up in 2013, by establishing submarine geomorphology as a field of research, disseminating its concepts and techniques among earth scientists and professionals, and encouraging students to develop their skills and knowledge in this field. Editors have invited 30 experts from around the world to contribute chapters to this book, which is divided into 4 sections - (i) Introduction & history, (ii) Data & methods, (ii) Submarine landforms & processes and (iv) Conclusions & future directions. Each chapter provides a review of a topic, establishes the state-of-the-art, identifies the key research questions that need to be addressed, and delineates a strategy on how to achieve this. Submarine geomorphology is a priority for many research institutions, government authorities and industries globally. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students, and professionals with limited training in this field
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 556 p. 195 illus., 55 illus. in color, online resource)
    ISBN: 9783319578521
    Series Statement: Springer Geology
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Geography ; Oceanography ; Sedimentology ; Physical geography ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Meereskunde ; Massenbewegung
    Description / Table of Contents: Submarine mass movements are a hidden geohazard with large destructive potential for submarine installations and coastal areas. This hazard and associated risk is growing in proportion with increasing population of coastal urban agglomerations, industrial infrastructure, and coastal tourism. Also, the intensified use of the seafloor for natural resource production, and deep sea cables constitutes an increasing risk. Submarine slides may alter the coastline and bear a high tsunamogenic potential. There is a potential link of submarine mass wasting with climate change, as submarine landslides can uncover and release large amounts greenhouse gases, mainly methane, that are now stored in marine sediments. The factors that govern the stability of submarine slopes against failure, the processes that lead to slope collapses and the collapse processes by themselves need to be better understood in order to foresee and prepare society for potentially hazardous events. This book volume consists of a collection of cutting edge scientific research by international experts in the field, covering geological, geophysical, engineering and environmental aspects of submarine slope failures. The focus is on understanding the full spectrum of challenges presented by this major coastal and offshore geohazard
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XVI, 683 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9783319009711
    Series Statement: Advances in natural and technological hazards research 37
    DDC: 551.46
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturangaben , Physical properties of sedimentsGas hydrates and role of interstitial fluids in submarine slope failure -- Slope stability and risk assessment -- Monitoring, observation and repeated surveys of active slope failure processes -- Understanding failure processes from submarine landslide geomorphology -- Interaction between ocean circulation and MTDs -- Landslide generated tsunamis -- Long-term record of submarine landslides and MTD paleoseismology -- Outcrops of ancient submarine landslides.
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  • 3
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Sedimentology ; Oceanography ; Natural disasters ; Geotechnical engineering ; Physical geography ; Earth sciences ; Sedimentology ; Oceanography ; Natural disasters ; Geotechnical engineering ; Physical geography ; Konferenzschrift 2015 ; Submarine Gleitung ; Meeresgeologie ; Submarine Gleitung ; Massenbewegung ; Meeresgeologie ; Meeresboden ; Suspensionsströmung ; Submarine Gleitung ; Turbidit
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: Progress and Challenges -- Part I Submarine Mass Movement in Margin Construction and Economic Significance2. The Role of Submarine Landslides in the Law of the Sea -- 3. Fabric Development and Pore-Throat Reduction in a Mass-Transport Deposit in the Jubilee Gas Field, Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Consequences for the Sealing Capacity of MTDs -- 4. Seismic geomorphology of the Israel Slump Complex in the central Levant Basin (SE Mediterranean) -- 5. Multiple Megaslide Complexes and their Significance for the Miocene stratigraphic evolution of the offshore Amazon Basin -- 6. Kinematics of submarine slope failures in the deepwater Taranaki Basin, New Zealand -- Part II Failure dynamics from landslide geomorphology -- 7. Postglacial Mass Failures in the Inner Hardangerfjorden System, Western Norway -- 8. Onshore and offshore geomorphological features of the El Golfo debris avalanche (El Hierro, Canary Islands) -- 9. New insights on failure and post-failure dynamics of submarine landslides on the intra-slope Palmarola ridge (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 10. Assessment of Canyon Wall Failure Process from Multibeam Bathymetry and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Observations, U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin -- 11. The Chuí Megaslide Complex: regional-scale submarine landslides on the Southern Brazilian Margin -- 12. Submarine landslides and incised canyons of the southeast Queensland continental margin -- 13. Novel method to map the morphology of submarine landslide headwall scarps using Remotely Operated Vehicles -- 14. Flow behaviour of a giant landslide and debris flow entering Agadir Canyon, NW Africa -- 15. Fine-Scale Morphology of Tubeworm Slump, Monterey Canyon -- 16. Submarine slide topography and the Distribution of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Ionian Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) -- Part III Geotechnical aspects of mass movement -- 17. Shear Strength of Siliciclastic Sediments from Passive and Active Margins (0-100 meters below seafloor): Insights into Seismic Strengthening -- 18. A small volume calibration chamber for cone penetration testing (CPT) on submarine soils -- 19. Underwater Mass Movements in Lake Mjøsa, Norway -- 20. In situ cyclic softening of marine silts by vibratory CPTU at Orkdalsfjord test site, mid Norway -- 21. First results of the geotechnical in situ investigation for soil characterisation along the upper slope off Vesterålen - Northern Norway -- 22. A novel micro-shear tester for failure analysis of fine and cohesive granular matter -- 23. Knickpoint migration induced by landslide: Evidence from laboratory to field observations in Wabush Lake -- 24. Multiple flow slide experiment in the Westerschelde Estuary, The Netherlands -- Part IV Multidisciplinary case studies -- 25. Submarine mass wasting on Hovgaard Ridge, Fram Strait, European Arctic -- 26. 3D seismic investigations of Pleistocene Mass Transport Deposits and Glacigenic Debris Flows on the North Sea Fan, NE Atlantic Margin -- 27. Do embedded volcaniclastic layers serve as potential glide planes? – An integrated analysis from the Gela Basin offshore southern Sicily -- 28. Sediment failure affecting muddy contourites on the continental slope offshore northern Norway – lessons learned and some outstanding issues -- 29. Mass Wasting History within Lake Ohrid Basin (Albania/Macedonia) over the last 600ka -- 30. Implications of Sediment Dynamics in Mass Transport along the Pianosa Ridge (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 31. Late-Holocene Mass Movements in High Arctic East Lake, Melville Island (Western Canadian Arctic Archipelago) -- 32. Pleistocene Mass Transport Complexes off Barbados accretionary prism (Lesser Antilles) -- 33. Exploring the Influence of Deepwater Currents as Potential Triggers for Slope Instability -- Part V Tectonics and mass movements -- 34. French alpine foreland Holocene paleoseismicity revealed by coeval mass wasting deposits in glacial lakes -- 35. Spatial and temporal relation of submarine landslides and faults along the Israeli continental slope, eastern Mediterranean -- 36. Earthquake induced landslides in Lake Éternité, Québec, Canada -- 37. Large Mass Transport Deposits in Kumano Basin, Nankai Trough, Japan -- 38. Insights into Effectiveness of Simplified Seismic Displacement Procedures to Evaluate Earthquake Behavior of a Deepwater Slope -- Part VI Fluid flow and gas hydrates -- 39. Deriving the Rate of Salt Rise at the Cape Fear Slide Using New Seismic Data -- 40. Submarine slope instabilities coincident with shallow gas hydrate systems: insights from New Zealand examples -- 41. Eel Canyon Slump Scar and Associated Fluid Venting -- 42. Shallow gas and the development of a weak layer in submarine spreading, Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) -- 43. Stability of fine-grained sediments subject to gas hydrate dissociation in the Arctic continental margin -- Part VII Mass transport deposits in modern and outcrop sedimentology -- 44. Soft-sediment deformation associated with mass transport deposits of the aAnsa basin (Spanish Pyrenees) -- 45. Synsedimentary tectonics and mass wasting along the Alpine margin in Liassic time -- 46. Meso-scale kinematic indicators in exhumed mass transport deposits: definitions and implications -- 47. Morphodynamics of supercritical turbidity currents in the channel-lobe transition zone -- 48. Tiny fossils, big impact: the role of foraminifera-enriched condensed section in arresting the movement of a large retrogressive submarine landslide in the Gulf of Mexico -- 49. Inclusion of substrate blocks within a mass transport deposit: A case study from Cerro Bola, Argentina -- Part VIII Numerical and statistical analysis -- 50. GIS catalogue of submarine landslides in the Spanish Continental Shelf: potential and difficulties for susceptibility assessment -- 51. Tempo and triggering of large submarine landslides – Statistical analysis for hazard assessment -- 52. Morphological controls on submarine slab failures -- 53. Incorporating Correlated Variables into GIS-Based Probabilistic Submarine Slope Stability Assessments -- 54. Quantifying the key role of slope material peak strength – using Discrete Element simulations -- 55. Correction Factors for 1-D Runout Analyses of Selected Submarine Slides -- Part IX Tsunami generation from slope failure -- 56. Volcanic generation of tsunamis: Two New Zealand palaeo-events -- 57. Tsunami-genesis due to retrogressive landslides on an inclined seabed -- 58. Geothermal System as the Cause of the 1979 Landslide Tsunami in Lembata Island, Indonesia -- 59. Towards a spatial probabilistic submarine landslide hazard model for submarine canyons -- 60. Coupled modelling of the failure and tsunami of a submarine debris avalanche offshore central New Zealand -- 61. Observations of coastal landslide-generated tsunami under an ice cover: the case of Lac-des-Seize-Îles, Québec, Canada -- Index.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 621 p. 256 illus., 219 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2016
    ISBN: 9783319209791
    Series Statement: Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research 41
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: 1. Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: Progress and ChallengesPart  I Submarine Mass Movement in Margin Construction and Economic Significance2. The Role of Submarine Landslides in the Law of the Sea -- 3. Fabric Development and Pore-Throat Reduction in a Mass-Transport Deposit in the Jubilee Gas Field, Eastern Gulf of Mexico: Consequences for the Sealing Capacity of MTDs -- 4. Seismic geomorphology of the Israel Slump Complex in the central Levant Basin (SE Mediterranean) -- 5. Multiple Megaslide Complexes and their Significance for the Miocene stratigraphic evolution of the offshore Amazon Basin -- 6. Kinematics of submarine slope failures in the deepwater Taranaki Basin, New Zealand -- Part II Failure dynamics from landslide geomorphology -- 7. Postglacial Mass Failures in the Inner Hardangerfjorden System, Western Norway -- 8. Onshore and offshore geomorphological features of the El Golfo debris avalanche (El Hierro, Canary Islands) -- 9. New insights on failure and post-failure dynamics of submarine landslides on the intra-slope Palmarola ridge (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 10. Assessment of Canyon Wall Failure Process from Multibeam Bathymetry and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Observations, U.S. Atlantic Continental Margin -- 11. The Chuí Megaslide Complex: regional-scale submarine landslides on the Southern Brazilian Margin -- 12. Submarine landslides and incised canyons of the southeast Queensland continental margin -- 13. Novel method to map the morphology of submarine landslide headwall scarps using Remotely Operated Vehicles -- 14. Flow behaviour of a giant landslide and debris flow entering Agadir Canyon, NW Africa -- 15. Fine-Scale Morphology of Tubeworm Slump, Monterey Canyon -- 16. Submarine slide topography and the Distribution of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study in the Ionian Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) -- Part III Geotechnical aspects of mass movement -- 17. Shear Strength of Siliciclastic Sediments from Passive and Active Margins (0-100 meters below seafloor): Insights into Seismic Strengthening -- 18. A small volume calibration chamber for cone penetration testing (CPT) on submarine soils -- 19. Underwater Mass Movements in Lake Mjøsa, Norway -- 20. In situ cyclic softening of marine silts by vibratory CPTU at Orkdalsfjord test site, mid Norway -- 21. First results of the geotechnical in situ investigation for soil characterisation along the upper slope off Vesterålen - Northern Norway -- 22. A novel micro-shear tester for failure analysis of fine and cohesive granular matter -- 23. Knickpoint migration induced by landslide: Evidence from laboratory to field observations in Wabush Lake -- 24. Multiple flow slide experiment in the Westerschelde Estuary, The Netherlands -- Part IV Multidisciplinary case studies -- 25. Submarine mass wasting on Hovgaard Ridge, Fram Strait, European Arctic -- 26. 3D seismic investigations of Pleistocene Mass Transport Deposits and Glacigenic Debris Flows on the North Sea Fan, NE Atlantic Margin -- 27. Do embedded volcaniclastic layers serve as potential glide planes? - An integrated analysis from the Gela Basin offshore southern Sicily -- 28. Sediment failure affecting muddy contourites on the continental slope offshore northern Norway - lessons learned and some outstanding issues -- 29. Mass Wasting History within Lake Ohrid Basin (Albania/Macedonia) over the last 600ka -- 30. Implications of Sediment Dynamics in Mass Transport along the Pianosa Ridge (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea) -- 31. Late-Holocene Mass Movements in High Arctic East Lake, Melville Island (Western Canadian Arctic Archipelago) -- 32. Pleistocene Mass Transport Complexes off Barbados accretionary prism (Lesser Antilles) -- 33. Exploring the Influence of Deepwater Currents as Potential Triggers for Slope Instability -- Part V Tectonics and mass movements -- 34. French alpine foreland Holocene paleoseismicity revealed by coeval mass wasting deposits in glacial lakes -- 35. Spatial and temporal relation of submarine landslides and faults along the Israeli continental slope, eastern Mediterranean -- 36. Earthquake induced landslides in Lake Éternité, Québec, Canada -- 37. Large Mass Transport Deposits in Kumano Basin, Nankai Trough, Japan -- 38. Insights into Effectiveness of Simplified Seismic Displacement Procedures to Evaluate Earthquake Behavior of a Deepwater Slope -- Part VI Fluid flow and gas hydrates -- 39. Deriving the Rate of Salt Rise at the Cape Fear Slide Using New Seismic Data -- 40. Submarine slope instabilities coincident with shallow gas hydrate systems: insights from New Zealand examples -- 41. Eel Canyon Slump Scar and Associated Fluid Venting -- 42. Shallow gas and the development of a weak layer in submarine spreading, Hikurangi margin (New Zealand) -- 43. Stability of fine-grained sediments subject to gas hydrate dissociation in the Arctic continental margin -- Part VII Mass transport deposits in modern and outcrop sedimentology -- 44. Soft-sediment deformation associated with mass transport deposits of the aAnsa basin (Spanish Pyrenees) -- 45. Synsedimentary tectonics and mass wasting along the Alpine margin in Liassic time -- 46. Meso-scale kinematic indicators in exhumed mass transport deposits: definitions and implications -- 47. Morphodynamics of supercritical turbidity currents in the channel-lobe transition zone -- 48. Tiny fossils, big impact: the role of foraminifera-enriched condensed section in arresting the movement of a large retrogressive submarine landslide in the Gulf of Mexico -- 49. Inclusion of substrate blocks within a mass transport deposit: A case study from Cerro Bola, Argentina -- Part VIII Numerical and statistical analysis -- 50. GIS catalogue of submarine landslides in the Spanish Continental Shelf: potential and difficulties for susceptibility assessment -- 51. Tempo and triggering of large submarine landslides - Statistical analysis for hazard assessment -- 52. Morphological controls on submarine slab failures -- 53. Incorporating Correlated Variables into GIS-Based Probabilistic Submarine Slope Stability Assessments -- 54. Quantifying the key role of slope material peak strength - using Discrete Element simulations -- 55. Correction Factors for 1-D Runout Analyses of Selected Submarine Slides -- Part IX Tsunami generation from slope failure -- 56. Volcanic generation of tsunamis: Two New Zealand palaeo-events -- 57. Tsunami-genesis due to retrogressive landslides on an inclined seabed -- 58. Geothermal System as the Cause of the 1979 Landslide Tsunami in Lembata Island, Indonesia -- 59. Towards a spatial probabilistic submarine landslide hazard model for submarine canyons -- 60. Coupled modelling of the failure and tsunami of a submarine debris avalanche offshore central New Zealand -- 61. Observations of coastal landslide-generated tsunami under an ice cover: the case of Lac-des-Seize-Îles, Québec, Canada -- Index.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-01-28
    Description: The cruise AL527 took place in the Western Baltic Sea in the period 6. – 14.09.2019. The cruise was carried out as a marine geophysical field course of Kiel University, supported by BONUS ECOMAP project. Starting and ending point of the cruise was Kiel. One stopover in Kiel took place during the cruise due to an exchange of parts of the scientific party (10.09.2019). The main aim of the cruise was to introduce marine geophysical acquisition to the students including hands-on experience in collecting marine geophysical data. This approach also included a first processing and interpretation of the data as well as the presentation of the first results. Two areas in the Western Baltic Sea were the main working areas of AL527. The first survey area was at Boknis Eck, a part of the Eckernförde Bay. The main objective in this area was to search for an underwater observatory from the Coastal Observing System for Northern and Arctic Seas Project (COSYNA), which was operated by GEOMAR and disappeared end of August 2019. For this purpose, a survey with a bathymetric multibeam system from the ”Marine Geophysics and Hydroacoustics” working group (Kiel University) was carried out. Furthermore, an underwater camera system was used for visual inspections. The second survey area was in the Mecklenburger Bay. The main objective was a pre-investigation of a buried beach for an upcoming cruise within the EU-funded project ACT-SENSE. Therefore, 2D reflections seismic, sediment echo sounder, and multibeam data were acquired. Additionally, 7 gravity cores were taken for ground trothing and sampling of the buried beach. In order to analyze major tectonic structures in the Fehmarn Belt and the Mecklenburger Bay, 12 additional seismic profiles were collected when transiting between the survey areas. Our investigations showed that a buried beach is located in the Mecklenburger Bay beneath a layer of mud. The sand deposits have an estimated variable thickness between 1m and 9m in the survey area. The top of the beach was successfully sampled with several gravity cores. Further investigations of these cores, together with the geophysical data, will be take place in the frame of the ACT-SENSE project. In the acquired bathymetric dataset from Boknis Eck some conspicuous zones could be identified, where possibly remaining parts of the missing underwater observatory are located. Unfortunately, it was not possible to validate these zones by the used underwater camera. These zones should be investigated by divers in the near future, for a reliable validation.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-01-28
    Description: The cruise AL542 took place in the Western Baltic Sea in the period 14. – 21.08.2020. The cruise was carried out as a marine geophysical field course of Kiel University. Starting and ending point of the cruise was Kiel. One stopover in Kiel took place during the cruise due to an exchange of parts of the scientific party (18.08.2020). The main aim of the cruise was to introduce marine geophysical acquisition to the students including hands-on experience in collecting marine geophysical data. This approach also included a first processing and interpretation of the data as well as the presentation of the first results. The main survey area of the first leg of the cruise AL 542 was the Bay of Mecklenburg. In the eastern part of the bay seismic and acoustic data were collected with the aim to identify historical coastlines and buried glacial structures. Further, the central part of the bay was mapped with the multibeam echosounder to find the Blinkerhügel, a small mound with reported accumulation of manganese nodules, investigated in 2002 by Hlawatsch et al. The Blinkerhügel was clearly identified as an outcropping ground moraine. Seafloor samples at eight locations were collected with a grab from the area of the Blinkerhügel. At one location stones with manganese crusts were successfully retrieved. The four survey areas of the second leg of the cruise were Mittelgrund, Noer and Damp which are located in the Eckernförde Bay and an area near Fehmarn which is located in the northwest of the island in the Fehmarn Sund. In the region Mittelgrund in the Eckernförde Bay a wellknown, developing pockmark field was surveyed with hydroacoustic and seismic methods. Furthermore, a known pockmark near Noer was surveyed with hydroacoustic methods. From the third survey area Damp Laminaria agitate algae have been reported. The aim in this area was to check, if it is possible to detect the algae with the hydroacoustic systems. Additionally, some video transects and seafloor samples were gathered for ground truthing in this region. In the survey area near Fehmarn a dynamic dune field was surveyed with hydroacoustic methods. This dune field is surveyed every year to document changes in the submarine environment.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Steinle, Lea; Graves, Carolyn; Treude, Tina; Ferre, Benedicte; Biastoch, Arne; Bussmann, Ingeborg; Berndt, Christian; Krastel, Sebastian; James, Rachael H; Behrens, Erik; Böning, Claus W; Greinert, Jens; Sapart, Célia-Julia; Scheinert, Markus; Sommer, Stefan; Lehmann, Moritz F; Niemann, Helge (2015): Water column methanotrophy controlled by a rapid oceanographic switch. Nature Geoscience, 8(5), 378–382, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2420
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Large amounts of the greenhouse gas methane are released from the seabed to the water column where it may be consumed by aerobic methanotrophic bacteria. This microbial filter is consequently the last marine sink for methane before its liberation to the atmosphere. The size and activity of methanotrophic communities, which determine the capacity of the water column methane filter, are thought to be mainly controlled by nutrient and redox dynamics, but little is known about the effects of ocean currents. Here, we report measurements of methanotrophic activity and biomass (CARD-FISH) at methane seeps west of Svalbard, and related them to physical water mass properties (CTD) and modelled current dynamics. We show that cold bottom water containing a large number of aerobic methanotrophs was rapidly displaced by warmer water with a considerably smaller methanotrophic community. This water mass exchange, caused by short-term variations of the West Spitsbergen Current, constitutes a rapid oceanographic switch severely reducing methanotrophic activity in the water column. Strong and fluctuating currents are widespread oceanographic features common at many methane seep systems and are thus likely to globally affect methane oxidation in the ocean water column.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 7
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Riedinger, Natascha; Brunner, Benjamin; Krastel, Sebastian; Arnold, Gail Lee; Wehrmann, Laura Mariana; Formolo, Michael J; Beck, Antje; Bates, Steven M; Henkel, Susann; Kasten, Sabine; Lyons, Timothy W (2017): Sulfur cycling in an iron oxide-dominated, dynamic marine depositional system: The Argentine continental margin. Frontiers in Earth Science, 5, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2017.00033
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: The interplay between sediment deposition patterns, organic matter type and the quantity and quality of reactive mineral phases determines the accumulation, speciation and isotope composition of pore water and solid phase sulfur constituents in marine sediments. Here, we present the sulfur geochemistry of siliciclastic sediments from two sites along the Argentine continental slope--a system characterized by dynamic deposition and reworking, which result in non-steady state conditions. The two investigated sites have different depositional histories but have in common that reactive iron phases are abundant and that organic matter is refractory--conditions that result in low organoclastic sulfate reduction rates. Deposition of reworked, isotopically light pyrite and sulfurized organic matter appear to be important contributors to the sulfur inventory, with only minor addition of pyrite from organoclastic sulfate reduction above the sulfate-methane transition (SMT). Pore-water sulfide is limited to a narrow zone at the SMT. The core of that zone is dominated by pyrite accumulation. Iron monosulfide and elemental sulfur accumulate above and below this zone. Iron monosulfide precipitation is driven by the reaction of low amounts of hydrogen sulfide with ferrous iron and is in competition with the oxidation of sulfide by iron (oxyhydr)oxides to form elemental sulfur. The intervals marked by precipitation of intermediate sulfur phases at the margin of the zone with free sulfide are bordered by two distinct peaks in total organic sulfur. Organic matter sulfurization appears to precede pyrite formation in the iron-dominated margins of the sulfide zone, potentially linked to the presence of polysulfides formed by reaction between dissolved sulfide and elemental sulfur. Thus, SMTs can be hotspots for organic matter sulfurization in sulfide-limited, reactive iron-rich marine sedimentary systems. Furthermore, existence of elemental sulfur and iron monosulfide phases meters below the SMT demonstrates that in sulfide-limited systems metastable sulfur constituents are not readily converted to pyrite but can be buried to deeper sediment depths. Our data show that in non-steady state systems, redox zones do not occur in sequence but can reappear or proceed in inverse sequence throughout the sediment column, causing similar mineral alteration processes to occur at the same time at different sediment depths.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 12 datasets
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Berndt, Christian; Feseker, Tomas; Treude, Tina; Krastel, Sebastian; Liebetrau, Volker; Niemann, Helge; Bertics, Victoria J; Dumke, Ines; Dünnbier, Karolin; Ferre, Benedicte; Graves, Carolyn; Gross, Felix; Hissmann, Karen; Hühnerbach, Veit; Krause, Stefan; Lieser, Kathrin; Schauer, Jürgen; Steinle, Lea (2014): Temporal constraints on hydrate-controlled methane seepage off Svalbard. Published Online January 2 2014, Science, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1246298
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Methane hydrate is an ice-like substance that is stable at high-pressure and low temperature in continental margin sediments. Since the discovery of a large number of gas flares at the landward termination of the gas hydrate stability zone off Svalbard, there has been concern that warming bottom waters have started to dissociate large amounts of gas hydrate and that the resulting methane release may possibly accelerate global warming. Here, we can corroborate that hydrates play a role in the observed seepage of gas, but we present evidence that seepage off Svalbard has been ongoing for at least three thousand years and that seasonal fluctuations of 1-2°C in the bottom-water temperature cause periodic gas hydrate formation and dissociation, which focus seepage at the observed sites.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; GEOMAR; Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 29 datasets
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Urlaub, Morelia; Petersen, Florian; Gross, Felix; Bonforte, Alessandro; Puglisi, Giuseppe; Guglielmino, Francesco; Krastel, Sebastian; Lange, Dietrich; Kopp, Heidrun (2018): Gravitational collapse of Mount Etna's southeastern flank. Science Advances, 4(10), eaat9700, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat9700
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Acoustic direct line-of-sight distance measurements offshore Etna volcano by means of a network of five transponders. The data include travel times between all transponders, pressure, temperature (inside pressure tube), sound velocity, and inclination.
    Keywords: Event label; File format; File name; File size; GDS; GDS 1; GDS 2; GDS 3; GDS 4; GDS 5; Geodesy station; POS496; POS496_59-1; POS496_61-1; POS496_62-1; POS496_63-1; POS496_65-1; Poseidon; Uniform resource locator/link to raw data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 24 data points
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pierau, Roberto; Hanebuth, Till J J; Krastel, Sebastian; Henrich, Rüdiger (2010): Late Quaternary climatic events and sea-level changes recorded by turbidite activity, Dakar Canyon, NW Africa. Quaternary Research, 73(2), 385-392, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.07.010
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The relationship of sea-level changes and short-term climatic changes with turbidite deposition is poorly documented, although the mechanisms of gravity-driven sediment transport in submarine canyons during sea-level changes have been reported from many regions. This study focuses on the activity of the Dakar Canyon off southern Senegal in response to major glacial/interglacial sea-level shifts and variability in the NW-African continental climate. The sedimentary record from the canyon allows us to determine the timing of turbidite events and, on the basis of XRF-scanning element data, we have identified the climate signal at a sub-millennial time scale from the surrounding hemipelagic sediments. Over the late Quaternary the highest frequency in turbidite activity in the Dakar Canyon is confined to major climatic terminations when remobilisation of sediments from the shelf was triggered by the eustatic sea-level rise. However, episodic turbidite events coincide with the timing of Heinrich events in the North Atlantic. During these times continental climate has changed rapidly, with evidence for higher dust supply over NW Africa which has fed turbidity currents. Increased aridity and enhanced wind strength in the southern Saharan-Sahelian zone may have provided a source for this dust.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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