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  • 1
    Keywords: Food science ; Agriculture ; Chemistry ; Trockenlebensmittel ; Pulver ; Lebensmitteltechnologie
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 372 p, digital)
    ISBN: 9780387276137
    Series Statement: Food Engineering Series
    RVK:
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of food quality 27 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Three cheeses were treated by (1) blast, (2) precooling plus blast, (3) liquid nitrogen and (4) precooling plus liquid nitrogen freezing methods. Mozzarella I and Cheddar cheeses treated by all methods had lower shear strength than their controls, excepting Mozzarella I treated by (1) was similar to its control. Mozzarella II treated by (1) and (2) had higher shear strength than its control but by (3) and (4) it had less. The failure stresses of Cheddar and Mozzarella I cheeses treated by (1) and (2) were significantly lower than their controls, while treated Mozzarella II had opposite results. Mozzarella I treated by (2) had meltability similar to its control and by (1) had lower meltability. Mozzarella II meltability was significantly reduced by (1) and (2). Stretchability was greatly improved using both methods for Mozzarella I but not for Mozzarella II. Cryo-stage Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the microstructural differences caused by (1) and (2) were apparent in Cheddar and Mozzarella II but not in Mozzarella I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Iridium ; Selenium ; Diselenolenes ; Carboranes ; X-ray crystal structure analysis ; NMR spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of [Cp*IrCl2]2 with dilithium 1,2-ortho-carborane-1,2-diselenolate 3 leads to the green 16-electron diselenolene complex [Cp*Ir{Se2C2(B10H10)}] (4) which takes up two-electron ligands such as trimethylphosphane to give the 18-electron diselenolate derivative [Cp*Ir(PMe3){Se2C2(B10H10)}] (5). The molecular structures of 4 and 5 were determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The 77Se-nuclear shielding in 4 is lower by almost 500 ppm relative to that in 5.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-06-01
    Description: The deep sea is one of the most extensive ecosystems on earth. Organisms living there survive in an extremely harsh environment, and their mitochondrial energy metabolism might be a result of evolution. As one of the most important organelles, mitochondria generate energy through energy metabolism and play an important role in almost all biological activities. In this study, the mitogenome of a deep-sea sea anemone ( Bolocera sp.) was sequenced and characterized. Like other metazoans, it contained 13 energy pathway protein-coding genes and two ribosomal RNAs. However, it also exhibited some unique features: just two transfer RNA genes, two group I introns, two transposon-like noncanonical open reading frames (ORFs), and a control region-like (CR-like) element. All of the mitochondrial genes were coded by the same strand (the H-strand). The genetic order and orientation were identical to those of most sequenced actiniarians. Phylogenetic analyses showed that this species was closely related to Bolocera tuediae . Positive selection analysis showed that three residues (31 L and 42 N in ATP6 , 570 S in ND5 ) of Bolocera sp. were positively selected sites. By comparing these features with those of shallow sea anemone species, we deduced that these novel gene features may influence the activity of mitochondrial genes. This study may provide some clues regarding the adaptation of Bolocera sp. to the deep-sea environment. The deep sea is regarded as the most extensive ecosystem on earth, and the organisms living there survive in an extremely harsh environment. The mitochondrial energy metabolism of some organisms may be different from that of shallow sea species. We uncovered a number of mitochondrial genome features that may provide some clues for Bolocera sp. on the adaptation of the seamount Bolocera sp. to the deep-sea environment.
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-7758
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-12-27
    Description: Ericerus pela Chavannes (Hemiptera: Coccoidae) is an economically important scale insect because the second instar males secrete a harvestable wax-like substance. In this study, we report the molecular cloning of a fatty acyl-CoA reductase gene ( EpFAR ) of E. pela . We predicted a 520-aa protein with the FAR family features from the deduced amino acid sequence. The EpFAR mRNA was expressed in five tested tissues, testis, alimentary canal, fat body, Malpighian tubules, and mostly in cuticle. The EpFAR protein was localized by immunofluorescence only in the wax glands and testis. EpFAR expression in High Five insect cells documented the recombinant EpFAR reduced 26-0:(S) CoA and to its corresponding alcohol. The data illuminate the molecular mechanism for fatty alcohol biosynthesis in a beneficial insect, E. pela .
    Print ISSN: 0739-4462
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6327
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-08-25
    Description: Abstract. Sodium ethene-bis-nitrobenzenesulfonate, [Na 2 (ENS) · 6H 2 O] n ( 1 ) was synthesized through coupling reaction of o -nitrotoluenesulfonic acid in NaOH solution and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy, XRPD, DSC and TGA (where ENS 2– = ethene-bis-nitrobenzenesulfonate). The asymmetrical unit of ( 1 ) consists of two octahedral Na I ions, and the neighboring metal centers are bridged by μ 2 water molecules resulting in the formation of an inorganic tetranuclear unit. The tetranuclear units were connected through the ENS 2– ligands into a 2D topology net. The weak π–π stacking and H-bonding interactions further stabilized the structure. The crystals of (C 7 H 6 NO 5 S) – · (H 5 O 2 ) + ( 2 ) were obtained by post-processing the unreacted raw material to recycle. Furthermore, the rigidity and the conjugation effect of the aromatic system in compound 1 were increased through the coordination interactions of metal atoms to ligands, resulting in the emission coming from ligand enhanced with red-shifting about 9 nm of the maximal wavelength. The conjugation effects and the steric arrangement of the substituent groups play the main role to the luminescence intensity and red-shift effect.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: ABSTRACT This study was the first to investigate the genetic abnormalities and structural dysplasia of anorectal malformations (ARMs) in male rats induced by di( n -butyl) phthalate (DBP). DBP was administered to timed-pregnant rats to establish the ARM rat model. The incidence of ARMs in male offspring was 39.5%. In neonatal period, decreased body weight and anogenital distance were observed. The general image and histological analysis of male offspring confirmed the presence of ARMs. Anatomical examination of the ARM male rats revealed the dysplasia in solid organs (heart-lung, liver, spleen, and kidney). The decreases of serum testosterone concentration and androgen receptor expression in terminal rectum were indicative of the antiandrogenic effects of DBP. Moreover, significant decreased mRNA expressions of these androgen-related genes such as sonic hedgehog, Gli2, Gli3, bone morphogenetic protein 4, Wnt5a, Hoxa13, Hoxd13, fibroblast growth factor 10, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 were found in terminal rectum of the ARM male pubs. These results demonstrated that development of ARM rats was impaired by maternal exposure to DBP. The antiandrogenic effects of DBP disturbing the androgen-related signaling networks might play an important role in the occurrence of ARMs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2014.
    Print ISSN: 1520-4081
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-7278
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-12-24
    Description: Solid tumors often suffer from suboptimal oxygen and nutrient supplies. This stress underlies the requirement for metabolic adaptation. Aberrantly activated de novo lipogenesis is critical for development and progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether de novo lipogenesis influences biologic behaviors of HCCs under conditions of metabolic stress are still poorly understood. Here we show that HCCs display distinct levels of glucose-derived de novo lipogenesis, which are positively correlated with their survival responses to glucose limitation. The enhanced lipogenesis in HCCs is characterized by an increased expression of rate-limiting enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCα). ACCα-mediated fatty acid synthesis determines the intracellular lipid content that is required to maintain energy hemostasis and inhibit cell death by means of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) during metabolic stress. In accordance, overexpression of ACCα facilitates tumor growth. ACCα forms a complex with carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1A) and prevents its mitochondria distribution under nutrient-sufficient condition. During metabolic stress, phosphorylation of ACCα leads to dissociation of the complex and mitochondria localization of CPT1A, thus promoting FAO-mediated cell survival. Therefore, ACCα could provide both the substrate and enzyme storage for FAO during glucose deficiency. Upregulation of ACCα is also significantly correlated with poorer overall survival and disease recurrence after surgery. The multivariate Cox regression analysis identified ACCα as an effective predictor of poor prognosis. Conclusion : These results present novel mechanistic insight into a pivotal role of ACCα in maintaining HCCs survival under metabolic stress. It could be exploited as novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-08-13
    Description: To understand the differences of the bacteria associated with different mosses, a phylogenetic study of bacterial communities in three mosses was carried out based on 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA sequencing. The mosses used were Hygroamblystegium noterophilum , Entodon compressus and Grimmia montana , representing hygrophyte, shady plant and xerophyte, respectively. In total, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs), richness and diversity were different regardless of the moss species and the library level. All the examined 1183 clones were assigned to 248 OTUs, 56 genera were assigned in rDNA libraries and 23 genera were determined at the rRNA level. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were considered as the most dominant phyla in all the libraries, whereas abundant Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were detected in the rDNA library of Entodon compressus and approximately 24.7% clones were assigned to Candidate division TM7 in Grimmia montana at rRNA level. The heatmap showed the bacterial profiles derived from rRNA and rDNA were partly overlapping. However, the principle component analysis of all the profiles derived from rDNA showed sharper differences between the different mosses than that of rRNA-based profiles. This suggests that the metabolically active bacterial compositions in different mosses were more phylogenetically similar and the differences of the bacteria associated with different mosses were mainly detected at the rDNA level. Obtained results clearly demonstrate that combination of 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA sequencing is preferred approach to have a good understanding on the constitution of the microbial communities in mosses.
    Print ISSN: 0233-111X
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4028
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-01-19
    Description: A chemical investigation of the roots of Pteroxygonum giraldii led to the isolation of a new arborane-type triterpene, pteroxygonumnol A ( 1 ), a new myricetin glycoside, myricetin 3- O - β - D -galactopyranoside 3′- O - β - D -xylopyranoside ( 2 ), and a group of phenolic lipids, 3 – 6 , along with four known phenolic compounds, (−)-epigallocatechin, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate, gallic acid, and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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