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  • 1
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    South China Sea hydrological changes and Pacific Walker Circulation variations over the last millennium (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2011. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Nature Communications 2 (2011): 293, doi:10.1038/ncomms1297.
    Description: The relative importance of north–south migrations of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) versus El Niño-Southern Oscillation and its associated Pacific Walker Circulation (PWC) variability for past hydrological change in the western tropical Pacific is unclear. Here we show that north–south ITCZ migration was not the only mechanism of tropical Pacific hydrologic variability during the last millennium, and that PWC variability profoundly influenced tropical Pacific hydrology. We present hydrological reconstructions from Cattle Pond, Dongdao Island of the South China Sea, where multi-decadal rainfall and downcore grain size variations are correlated to the Southern Oscillation Index during the instrumental era. Our downcore grain size reconstructions indicate that this site received less precipitation during relatively warm periods, AD 1000–1400 and AD 1850–2000, compared with the cool period (AD 1400–1850). Including our new reconstructions in a synthesis of tropical Pacific records results in a spatial pattern of hydrologic variability that implicates the PWC.
    Description: This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (40730107) and the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) (No.2010CB428902). DWO acknowledges support from the US NSF.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ATTRITION EVALUATION FOR SELECTED AGGLOMERATED FOOD POWDERS: THE EFFECT OF AGGLOMERATE SIZE AND WATER ACTIVITY (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food process engineering 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4530
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Investigation of the attrition of agglomerates is very important for assessing the agglomerate strength, compaction characteristics, and quality control. A one-term exponential attrition index model and the Hausner ratio were used to study the effects of agglomerate size and water activity on the attrition kinetics of some selected agglomerated food powders. It was found that the agglomerate size and water activity played significant roles in affecting the attrition: the larger the agglomerate size and the higher the water activity, the higher the attrition index under the same tap number. The Hausner ratio was well correlated with the attrition index at high tap numbers and might be used as a simple index to evaluate attrition severity for agglomerates. Knowing the effects of agglomerate size and water activity is very useful to minimize the attrition phenomenon during the handling and processing of agglomerated powders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.2001.tb00530.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Mg-chelatase H subunit is an abscisic acid receptor (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 443 (2006), S. 823-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Abscisic acid (ABA) is a vital phytohormone that regulates mainly stomatal aperture and seed development, but ABA receptors involved in these processes have yet to be determined. We previously identified from broad bean an ABA-binding protein (ABAR) potentially involved in stomatal signalling, the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05176
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The NMR-Spectroscopic and X-ray Crystal-Structural Characterization of Two Cp*Ir Halfsandwich Complexes Containing the 1,2-Dicarba-closo-dodecaborane-1,2-diselenolato Ligand (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 873-875 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Iridium ; Selenium ; Diselenolenes ; Carboranes ; X-ray crystal structure analysis ; NMR spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of [Cp*IrCl2]2 with dilithium 1,2-ortho-carborane-1,2-diselenolate 3 leads to the green 16-electron diselenolene complex [Cp*Ir{Se2C2(B10H10)}] (4) which takes up two-electron ligands such as trimethylphosphane to give the 18-electron diselenolate derivative [Cp*Ir(PMe3){Se2C2(B10H10)}] (5). The molecular structures of 4 and 5 were determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The 77Se-nuclear shielding in 4 is lower by almost 500 ppm relative to that in 5.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    Comparative analysis of bacteria associated with different mosses by 16S rRNA and 16S rDNA sequencing (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-13
    Description: To understand the differences of the bacteria associated with different mosses, a phylogenetic study of bacterial communities in three mosses was carried out based on 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA sequencing. The mosses used were Hygroamblystegium noterophilum , Entodon compressus and Grimmia montana , representing hygrophyte, shady plant and xerophyte, respectively. In total, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs), richness and diversity were different regardless of the moss species and the library level. All the examined 1183 clones were assigned to 248 OTUs, 56 genera were assigned in rDNA libraries and 23 genera were determined at the rRNA level. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were considered as the most dominant phyla in all the libraries, whereas abundant Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were detected in the rDNA library of Entodon compressus and approximately 24.7% clones were assigned to Candidate division TM7 in Grimmia montana at rRNA level. The heatmap showed the bacterial profiles derived from rRNA and rDNA were partly overlapping. However, the principle component analysis of all the profiles derived from rDNA showed sharper differences between the different mosses than that of rRNA-based profiles. This suggests that the metabolically active bacterial compositions in different mosses were more phylogenetically similar and the differences of the bacteria associated with different mosses were mainly detected at the rDNA level. Obtained results clearly demonstrate that combination of 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA sequencing is preferred approach to have a good understanding on the constitution of the microbial communities in mosses.
    Print ISSN: 0233-111X
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4028
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
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    Isolation and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites from Rhododendron microphyton (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-13
    Description: Four new iridoids, incarvoids D–F ( 1 – 3 , resp.) and incarvoid B 9- O - β - D -glucopyranoside ( 4 ), and one new monoterpenoid, argutoid B ( 5 ), along with 14 known compounds, were isolated from Rhododendron microphyton. Their structures were established by comprehensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 7
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    Expression of FGF4 mRNA is mediated by mating behaviours in mice (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-22
    Description: In mammals, breeding is preceded by species-specific mating behaviours. In this study, we investigated whether parthenogenetic embryo quality could be improved by mating behaviours in mice. To investigate this hypothesis, female mice were mated with vasectomized Kunming white male mice after superovulation. Oocytes were collected and counted at 16 h after superovulation. The oocytes were then artificially activated by medium containing 10 mM strontium chloride and 5 µg/ml cytochalasin B. Blastocysts were obtained by cultivating activated oocytes in vitro . Expression levels of reprogramming transcription factors (i.e. Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc ) in oocytes, apoptosis-related genes (i.e. Bax, Bcl2 and c-Myc) in cumulus cells and pluripotency-related transcription factors (i.e. Oct4, Nanog and FGF4 ) in blastocysts were analysed in samples collected from mated and unmated mice. Additionally, developmental competence of parthenogenetic embryos was used to assess following fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) treatment. The results showed that the formation rate of blastocysts in unmated mice was significantly higher than that in mated mice ( p  〈 0.05). Embryo development was primarily blocked at the eight-cell stage in mated mice; however, the blastocyst formation rate did not differ significantly between groups after the addition of 25 ng/ml FGF4 to the medium at the four-cell stage ( p  〉 0.05). Moreover, the expression of the reprogramming factor Sox2 was significantly different in oocytes collected from mated versus unmated mice. Taken together, our results demonstrated that mating behaviours influenced embryonic development in vitro by decreasing FGF4 expression. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0263-6484
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-0844
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 8
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    Oral vaccination with inhibin DNA delivered using attenuated Salmonella choleraesuis for improving reproductive traits in mice (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-05
    Description: The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of a novel inhibin vaccine containing inhibin α (1–32) fragments in mice. A recombinant plasmid pVAX-asd-IS was constructed by inserting recombinant inhibin α (1–32) and the hepatitis B surface antigen S into the plasmid in which the asd gene, rather than the kanamycin gene, was a selection marker. Ninety Kuming mice were divided into six groups consisting of 15 mice each. First group was (C1) injected with 200 µl of PBS, second (C2) received 1 × 10 10 CFU of crp − / asd − C500/pVAX-asd and served as vector control, third did not receive any treatment (C3), while fourth, fifth, and sixth group received 1 × 10 10 , 1 × 10 9 , 1 × 10 8 CFU of the recombinant inhibin vaccine crp − / asd − C500/pVAX-asd-IS (group T1, T2, T3), respectively. Western blotting demonstrated that recombinant expressed inhibin protein possessed immune function and that this plasmid could replicate for up to 40 generations stably. Vaccination with this strain at a dose of 1 × 10 10 CFU/200 µl per mouse induced high anti-inhibin antibody levels, significantly increased large-follicle production in T1 group ( p  〈 0.05) and average litter size ( p  〉 0.05) compared with control groups. Integration studies showed no evidence of inhibin fusion gene integrated into mice's genome 2-month after immunization. These results suggest that the vaccine described in the present study may provide a safe method to improve reproductive traits in animals. A trend towards increased litter size and significant increase in large follicle population depict that this vaccine may have direct application in large animal industry.
    Print ISSN: 0233-111X
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-4028
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 9
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    Genetic research and structural dysplasia assessment of anorectal malformations in neonatal male rats induced by di(n-butyl) phthalate (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2014-09-13
    Description: ABSTRACT This study was the first to investigate the genetic abnormalities and structural dysplasia of anorectal malformations (ARMs) in male rats induced by di( n -butyl) phthalate (DBP). DBP was administered to timed-pregnant rats to establish the ARM rat model. The incidence of ARMs in male offspring was 39.5%. In neonatal period, decreased body weight and anogenital distance were observed. The general image and histological analysis of male offspring confirmed the presence of ARMs. Anatomical examination of the ARM male rats revealed the dysplasia in solid organs (heart-lung, liver, spleen, and kidney). The decreases of serum testosterone concentration and androgen receptor expression in terminal rectum were indicative of the antiandrogenic effects of DBP. Moreover, significant decreased mRNA expressions of these androgen-related genes such as sonic hedgehog, Gli2, Gli3, bone morphogenetic protein 4, Wnt5a, Hoxa13, Hoxd13, fibroblast growth factor 10, and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 were found in terminal rectum of the ARM male pubs. These results demonstrated that development of ARM rats was impaired by maternal exposure to DBP. The antiandrogenic effects of DBP disturbing the androgen-related signaling networks might play an important role in the occurrence of ARMs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2014.
    Print ISSN: 1520-4081
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-7278
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
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    A New Triterpene and Phenolic Compounds from the Roots of Pteroxygonum giraldii (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-19
    Description: A chemical investigation of the roots of Pteroxygonum giraldii led to the isolation of a new arborane-type triterpene, pteroxygonumnol A ( 1 ), a new myricetin glycoside, myricetin 3- O - β - D -galactopyranoside 3′- O - β - D -xylopyranoside ( 2 ), and a group of phenolic lipids, 3 – 6 , along with four known phenolic compounds, (−)-epigallocatechin, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate, gallic acid, and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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