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  • Elsevier  (5)
  • American Meteorological Society  (1)
  • Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University and by the Institute of Geography of RAS  (1)
  • 1
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    The penetrative mixing in the Laptev Sea coastal polynya pycnocline layer (2013)
    Elsevier
    In:  Continental Shelf Research, 63 . pp. 34-42.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The large recurrent areas of open water and/or thin ice (polynyas) producing cold brine-enriched waters off the fast-ice edge are evident in the Laptev Sea in winter time. A number of abrupt positively correlated transitions in temperature and salinity were recorded in the bottom and intermediate layers at a mooring station in the West New Siberian (WNS) polynya in February-March 2008. Being in the range of -0.5 degrees C and -1.6 psu these changes are induced by horizontal motions across the polynya and correspond to temperature and salinity horizontal gradients in the range of 0.3-1.0 degrees C/10 km and 1.4-3.5 psu/10 km, respectively. The events of distinct freshening and temperature decrease coincide with a northward current off the fast-ice edge, while southward currents brought saltier and warmer waters at intermediate depths. We suggest that the observed transitions are connected to altering pycnocline depths across the polynya. The source of relatively fresher waters at the intermediate depths in polynya is supposed to originate from penetrative mixing of surface low salinity waters to intermediate water depth. Several forcing processes that could be responsible for a penetrative mixing through the density interface in polynya are discussed. These are penetrative convection and shear-driven mixing that originates from two-layer water dynamics and/or baroclinic tidal motions. The heavily ridged seaward fast-ice edge could produce an additional source of turbulent mixing even through a shear-free density interface due to the increased roughness at the ice-water interface
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2013.04.040
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Wind-driven diversion of summer river runoff preconditions the Laptev Sea coastal polynya hydrography: Evidence from summer-to-winter hydrographic records of 2007–2009 (2010)
    Elsevier
    In:  Continental Shelf Research, 30 (15). pp. 1656-1664.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: This paper examines the role of atmospheric forcing in modifying the pathways of riverine water on the Laptev Sea shelf, using summer-to-winter hydrographic surveys from 2007 to 2009. Over the two consecutive winter seasons of 2007–2008 and 2008–2009 in the area of the winter coastal polynya, our data clearly link winter surface salinity fields to the previous summer conditions, with substantially different winter salinity patterns preconditioned by summer atmospheric forcing. In the summer of 2007, dominant along-shore westerly winds in the cyclonic regime force the Lena River runoff to flow eastward. In contrast, in the summer of 2008, dominant along-shore easterly winds over the East Siberian Sea and on-shore northerly winds over the Laptev Sea in the anticyclonic regime lock the riverine water in the vicinity of the Lena Delta. Over the coastal polynya area in the southeastern Laptev Sea these patterns precondition a surface salinity difference of 8–16 psu between the winters of 2008 and 2009. Overall, this indicates a residence time of at least half a year for riverine water on the Laptev Sea shelf. Future climate change associated with an enhanced summer cyclonicity over the eastern Arctic may turn more riverine water eastward along the eastern Siberian coast, resulting in weaker vertical density stratification over the Laptev Sea shelf, with possible impact on the efficiency of vertical mixing and polynya dense water production.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2010.06.012
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Selected physical, biological and biogeochemical implications of a rapidly changing Arctic Marginal Ice Zone (2015)
    Elsevier
    In:  Progress in Oceanography, 139 . pp. 122-150.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-25
    Description: The Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) of the Arctic Ocean is changing rapidly due to a warming Arctic climate with commensurate reductions in sea ice extent and thickness. This Pan-Arctic review summarizes the main changes in the Arctic ocean–sea ice–atmosphere (OSA) interface, with implications for primary- and secondary producers in the ice and the underlying water column. Changes in the Arctic MIZ were interpreted for the period 1979–2010, based on best-fit regressions for each month. Trends of increasingly open water were statistically significant for each month, with quadratic fit for August–November, illustrating particularly strong seasonal feedbacks in sea-ice formation and decay. Geographic interpretations of physical and biological changes were based on comparison of regions with significant changes in sea ice: (1) The Pacific Sector of the Arctic Ocean including the Canada Basin and the Beaufort, Chukchi and East Siberian seas; (2) The Canadian Arctic Archipelago; (3) Baffin Bay and Hudson Bay; and (4) the Barents and Kara seas. Changes in ice conditions in the Barents sea/Kara sea region appear to be primarily forced by ocean heat fluxes during winter, whereas changes in the other sectors appear to be more summer–autumn related and primarily atmospherically forced. Effects of seasonal and regional changes in OSA-system with regard to increased open water were summarized for photosynthetically available radiation, nutrient delivery to the euphotic zone, primary production of ice algae and phytoplankton, ice-associated fauna and zooplankton, and gas exchange of CO2. Changes in the physical factors varied amongst regions, and showed direct effects on organisms linked to sea ice. Zooplankton species appear to be more flexible and likely able to adapt to variability in the onset of primary production. The major changes identified for the ice-associated ecosystem are with regard to production timing and abundance or biomass of ice flora and fauna, which are related to regional changes in sea-ice conditions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2015.09.003
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Russian-German collaboration in the arctic environmental research (2011)
    Faculty of Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University and by the Institute of Geography of RAS
    In:  Geography, Environment, Sustainability, 4 (3). pp. 85-113.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The overview of the 20-years joint Russian-German multidisciplinary researches in the Arctic are represented in this article. Data were obtained during numerous marine and terrestrial expeditions, all-year-round measurements and observations. On the basis of modern research methods including satellite observation, radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating of the Arctic sea sediments, isotope, biochemical and other methods, the new unique records were obtained. Special emphasis devoted to the latest data concerning modern sea-ice, ocean and sedimentation processes, evolution of the permafrost and paleoenvironments in the Laptev Sea System.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2011-4-3-85-113
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Seasonal variability in Atlantic water off Spitsbergen (2009)
    Elsevier
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 56 (1). pp. 1-14.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-01
    Description: A combination of 2-year-long mooring-based measurements and snapshot conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) observations at the continental slope off Spitsbergen (81°30′N, 31°00′E) is used to demonstrate a significant hydrographic seasonal signal in Atlantic Water (AW) that propagates along the Eurasian continental slope in the Arctic Ocean. At the mooring position this seasonal signal dominates, contributing up to 50% of the total variance. Annual temperature maximum in the upper ocean (above 215 m) is reached in mid-November, when the ocean in the area is normally covered by ice. Distinct division into ‘summer’ (warmer and saltier) and ‘winter’ (colder and fresher) AW types is revealed there. Estimated temperature difference between the ‘summer’ and ‘winter’ waters is 1.2 °C, which implies that the range of seasonal heat content variations is of the same order of magnitude as the mean local AW heat content, suggesting an important role of seasonal changes in the intensity of the upward heat flux from AW. Although the current meter observations are only 1-year long, they hint at a persistent, highly barotropic current with little or no seasonal signal attached.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2008.07.013
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Impact of flaw polynyas on the hydrography of the Laptev Sea (2005)
    Elsevier
    In:  Global and Planetary Change, 48 (1-3). pp. 9-27.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Based on hydrological data from 1979 to 1999 the average long-term salinity of the flaw polynya in the Eastern Laptev Sea is estimated. A new method to evaluate ice production based on hydrological rather than sea-ice observations is proposed. Average annual ice production in the polynya ranges between 3 and 4 m. The probability of convective mixing penetrating down to the seafloor is highest in the regions of the flaw polynya, but does not exceed 20% in the Eastern and 70% in the Western Laptev Sea. Conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) measurements and observations of currents carried out in April-May 1999 allowed us to investigate the surface circulation along the margins of the Laptev Sea flaw polynya. The convective nature of the surface currents, with velocities measured as high as 62 cm/s, is discussed. Currents are most likely part of circulation cells, which arise as a result of brine rejection due to intensive ice formation in the polynya. It is shown that the spatial alignment of sea ice crystals in the marginal part of the polynya is most likely a consequence of the quasi-stationary cellular circulation
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.12.016
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Arctic Ocean warming contributes to reduced polar ice cap (2011)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2010. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 40 (2010): 2743–2756, doi:10.1175/2010JPO4339.1.
    Description: Analysis of modern and historical observations demonstrates that the temperature of the intermediate-depth (150–900 m) Atlantic water (AW) of the Arctic Ocean has increased in recent decades. The AW warming has been uneven in time; a local 1°C maximum was observed in the mid-1990s, followed by an intervening minimum and an additional warming that culminated in 2007 with temperatures higher than in the 1990s by 0.24°C. Relative to climatology from all data prior to 1999, the most extreme 2007 temperature anomalies of up to 1°C and higher were observed in the Eurasian and Makarov Basins. The AW warming was associated with a substantial (up to 75–90 m) shoaling of the upper AW boundary in the central Arctic Ocean and weakening of the Eurasian Basin upper-ocean stratification. Taken together, these observations suggest that the changes in the Eurasian Basin facilitated greater upward transfer of AW heat to the ocean surface layer. Available limited observations and results from a 1D ocean column model support this surmised upward spread of AW heat through the Eurasian Basin halocline. Experiments with a 3D coupled ice–ocean model in turn suggest a loss of 28–35 cm of ice thickness after 50 yr in response to the 0.5 W m−2 increase in AW ocean heat flux suggested by the 1D model. This amount of thinning is comparable to the 29 cm of ice thickness loss due to local atmospheric thermodynamic forcing estimated from observations of fast-ice thickness decline. The implication is that AW warming helped precondition the polar ice cap for the extreme ice loss observed in recent years.
    Description: This study was supported by JAMSTEC (IP and VI), NOAA (IP, VI, and ID), NSF (IP,VA,VI, ID, JT, andMS),NASA(IP andVI), BMBF (ID), and UK NERC (SB) grants.
    Keywords: Arctic ; Forcing ; Temperature ; Sea ice ; Heating ; Coupled models
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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