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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (16)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (5)
  • Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,  (2)
  • Boston, MA : Springer US  (1)
  • 1
    Keywords: Machine learning -- Congresses. ; Cybernetics -- Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (1128 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783540335856
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series ; v.3930
    DDC: 006.31
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Table of Contents -- Author Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Keywords: Engineering. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (286 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783662484470
    DDC: 681.111
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 A Sketch of Ancient Western Astronomy -- 1.1 Historical Development of Western Astronomy -- 1.1.1 Egyptian Civilization -- 1.1.2 Mesopotamian Civilization -- 1.1.3 Aegean Civilization -- 1.1.3.1 Minoan and Mycenaean Civilization -- 1.1.3.2 Dark Age -- 1.1.3.3 Classical Age -- 1.1.3.4 Ionia School -- 1.1.3.5 Pythagoras School -- 1.1.3.6 Plato School -- 1.1.3.7 Hellenistic Age -- 1.2 Astronomical Cycles and Calendars -- 1.2.1 Egyptian Calendar -- 1.2.2 Metonic Cycle -- 1.2.3 Callippic Cycle -- 1.2.4 Saros Cycle -- 1.2.5 Exeligmos Cycle -- 1.3 Ancient Astronomical Theories -- 1.3.1 Solar Theory -- 1.3.2 Lunar Theory -- 1.3.3 Planetary Theory -- 1.4 Remarks -- References -- 2 Ancient Astronomical Instruments -- 2.1 Classifications Based on Functions -- 2.1.1 Observation Application -- 2.1.2 Measuring Position and Distance Application -- 2.1.3 Measuring Time Application -- 2.1.4 Computing Application -- 2.1.5 Demonstration Application -- 2.2 Jacob's Staff -- 2.3 Astrolabe -- 2.4 Sundial -- 2.5 Calendrical Device -- 2.5.1 Astrolabe with Calendrical Gearing -- 2.5.2 Sundial with Calendrical Gearing -- 2.6 Planetarium, Astrarium, and Astronomical Clock -- 2.7 Orrery -- 2.8 Comparisons of Astronomical Instruments -- 2.9 Remarks -- References -- 3 Amazing Discovery of Archaeology -- 3.1 Origination and Process of the Discovery -- 3.1.1 Historical Background of Salvage -- 3.1.2 Story of the Antikythera Finding -- 3.2 Introduction of the Excavations -- 3.3 Known Antikythera Astronomical Device -- 3.3.1 Front Plate -- 3.3.2 Back Plate -- 3.3.3 Display Pointers -- 3.3.3.1 Axial Rotation -- 3.3.3.2 Radial Rotation -- 3.3.3.3 Axial Rotation and Radial Sliding -- 3.3.4 Interior Structure of Mechanisms -- 3.4 Relative Historical Background and Records -- 3.5 Remarks -- References -- 4 Modern Reconstruction Research. , 4.1 Early Mentions -- 4.2 Reconstruction Work by Price -- 4.3 Reconstruction Work by Edmund and Morgan -- 4.4 Reconstruction Work by Wright -- 4.5 Reconstruction Work by Freeth et al. -- 4.6 Others' Research After AD 2000 -- References -- 5 Reconstruction Design Methodology -- 5.1 Reconstruction Research -- 5.2 Reconstruction Design Methodology -- 5.2.1 Design Specifications -- 5.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 5.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 5.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 5.3 Historical Archives of Antikythera Device -- 5.3.1 Detected Evidence -- 5.3.2 Decoded Information -- 5.3.3 Ancient Astronomy -- 5.3.4 Ancient Astronomical Instruments -- 5.3.5 Modern Kinematic and Mechanism Analyses -- 5.4 Reconstruction Research by Yan and Lin -- 5.4.1 Concepts of Mechanical Designs -- 5.4.1.1 Mechanical Members -- Link or Kinematic Link (KL) -- Gear (KG) -- 5.4.1.2 Joints -- Revolute Joint (JR) -- Pin-in-Slot Joint (JA) -- Gear Joint () -- 5.4.1.3 Degrees of Freedom -- 5.4.1.4 Topological Structure -- 5.4.2 Date Subsystem -- 5.4.3 Eclipse Prediction Subsystem -- 5.4.4 Calendrical Subsystem -- 5.4.5 Lunar Subsystem -- 5.4.6 Solar Subsystem -- 5.4.7 Planetary Subsystem -- 5.4.8 Summary -- 5.5 Comparisons Among Different Reconstruction Researches -- 5.5.1 Comparison with Price's Design -- 5.5.2 Comparison with Edmund and Morgan's Design -- 5.5.3 Comparison with Wright's Design -- 5.5.4 Comparison with the Design of Freeth et al. -- 5.6 Remarks -- References -- 6 Reconstruction Designs of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.1 Historical Archives of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.2 Design Process of the Calendrical Subsystem -- 6.2.1 Design Specifications -- 6.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 6.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 6.2.3.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 6.2.3.2 Callippic Cycle Link (Member 5) -- 6.2.3.3 Olympiad Cycle Link (Member 4) -- 6.2.3.4 Input Link (Member 2). , 6.2.3.5 Metonic Cycle Link (Member 3) -- 6.2.3.6 Transmission Link (Link 6) -- 6.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 6.2.4.1 Tooth Calculation of the Feasible Designs -- Feasible Reconstruction Design of Fig. a -- Feasible Reconstruction Design of Fig. b -- 6.3 Remarks -- References -- 7 Reconstruction Designs of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.1 Historical Archives of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.1.1 Kinematic Analysis of the Lunar Theory -- 7.1.2 Kinematic Analysis of Epicyclic Gear Trains -- 7.2 Design Process of the Lunar Subsystem -- 7.2.1 Design Specifications -- 7.2.2 Generalized Chains -- 7.2.3 Specialized Chains -- 7.2.3.1 Pin-in-Slot Device (Members 3, 5, and 6, and Joint JA) -- 7.2.3.2 Anomalistic Link (Member 4) -- 7.2.3.3 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 7.2.3.4 Sidereal Link and Output Link (Members 2 and 7) -- 7.2.3.5 Revolute Joints (Joints JR) -- 7.2.3.6 Gear Joints (JG) -- 7.2.4 Reconstruction Designs -- 7.3 Remarks -- References -- 8 Reconstruction Designs of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.1 Historical Archives of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.1.1 Possible Arrangements of the Driving Power -- 8.1.2 Kinematic Analysis of the Solar Theory -- 8.1.3 Eccentric System of the Solar Motion -- 8.1.4 Epicyclic System of the Solar Motion -- 8.1.4.1 Four-Bar Mechanism with 5 Joints -- 8.1.4.2 Five-Bar Mechanism with 7 Joints -- 8.2 Design Process of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.1 Type 1 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.2 Type 2 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.3 Type 3 Design of the Solar Subsystem -- 8.2.3.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 8.2.3.2 Input Link (Member 2) -- 8.2.3.3 Output Link (Member 3) -- 8.2.3.4 Transmission Links (Members 4 and 5) -- 8.2.3.5 Pin-in-Slot Joint (Joint JA) -- 8.2.3.6 Revolute Joints (Joint JR) -- 8.2.3.7 Gear Joints (Joint JG) -- 8.3 Remarks -- References -- 9 Reconstruction Designs of the Planetary Subsystem. , 9.1 Historical Archives of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.1.1 Type 1 Design: Mechanism with One Gear Joint -- 9.1.2 Type 2 Design: Mechanism with Two Gear Joints -- 9.1.2.1 All Planet Gears Are Adjacent to Each Other by a Gear Joint -- 9.1.2.2 Two Planet Gears Are Adjacent to Each Other by a Pin-in-Slot Joint -- 9.2 Design Process of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.1 Type 1 Design of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.2 Type 2 Design of the Planetary Subsystem -- 9.2.2.1 Ground Link (Member 1) -- 9.2.2.2 Output Link (Member 3) -- 9.2.2.3 Input Link (Member 2) -- 9.2.2.4 Transmission Links (Members 4 and 5) -- 9.2.2.5 Pin-in-Slot Joint (Joint JA) -- 9.2.2.6 Gear Joints (Joint JG) -- 9.2.2.7 Revolute Joints (Joint JR) -- 9.3 Remarks -- References -- 10 Reconstruction Designs of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.1 Historical Archives of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.1.1 Related Evidence and Available Designs -- 10.1.2 Possible Driving Power Arrangements -- 10.1.3 Possible Design Types -- 10.2 Design Process of the Moon Phase Display Device -- 10.2.1 Example 1: Ordinary Gear Trains -- 10.2.2 Example 2: Epicyclic Gear Trains with 1-DOF -- 10.2.3 Example 3: Epicyclic Gear Trains with 2-DOF -- References -- 11 Assembly Work and Models -- 11.1 Complete Interior Mechanisms -- 11.1.1 Assembly Constraints of the Lost Mechanisms -- 11.1.1.1 Driving Power of Lost Mechanisms -- 11.1.1.2 Gear Sizes -- 11.1.1.3 Types of Planets -- 11.1.1.4 Epicyclic System of Superior Planets -- 11.1.2 Assembly Work -- 11.2 3D Reconstruction Model -- 11.2.1 Tooth Calculation -- 11.2.1.1 Calendrical Subsystem -- 11.2.1.2 Solar Subsystem -- 11.2.1.3 Planetary Subsystem -- 11.2.2 Detail Designs of Gears -- 11.2.3 Space Arrangement -- 11.2.4 Simulation Model -- References -- Appendix A All 48 Feasible Designs of CompleteInterior Mechanisms -- Appendix B Detailed Design of Model 9. , Index.
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  • 3
    Keywords: Food science ; Agriculture ; Chemistry ; Trockenlebensmittel ; Pulver ; Lebensmitteltechnologie
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 372 p, digital)
    ISBN: 9780387276137
    Series Statement: Food Engineering Series
    RVK:
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 4324-4331 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A computer simulation study of a two-dimensional two-component resistor network model is presented. The model is constructed to elucidate the relationship between interfacial dynamics and formation of porous structures. The interfacial dynamics, which are stochastic in nature, have been studied and the effect of both global and regional characteristics in interfacial dynamics on the resulting morphologies has been investigated. In the simulation, the advancing interface exhibits either an unstable front as dictated by the Mullins–Sekerka instability, or a stable one that is roughened by kinetic noise. The relevance of the simulation to the experimental observations of porous silicon formation is demonstrated and the implications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 32 (1991), S. 3241-3245 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: In the classical q-deformed oscillators system, the Poisson bracket realizations of the quantum enveloping algebras of An−1 and Cn types are given in the symplectic space (V,Ω) (without deformation). When the oscillators system is canonically quantized, the Lie bracket realizations of the quantum enveloping algebras of An−1 and Cn types are obtained. The Hopf structures of these quantum enveloping algebras are supplied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Iridium ; Selenium ; Diselenolenes ; Carboranes ; X-ray crystal structure analysis ; NMR spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of [Cp*IrCl2]2 with dilithium 1,2-ortho-carborane-1,2-diselenolate 3 leads to the green 16-electron diselenolene complex [Cp*Ir{Se2C2(B10H10)}] (4) which takes up two-electron ligands such as trimethylphosphane to give the 18-electron diselenolate derivative [Cp*Ir(PMe3){Se2C2(B10H10)}] (5). The molecular structures of 4 and 5 were determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The 77Se-nuclear shielding in 4 is lower by almost 500 ppm relative to that in 5.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2012-01-19
    Description: A chemical investigation of the roots of Pteroxygonum giraldii led to the isolation of a new arborane-type triterpene, pteroxygonumnol A ( 1 ), a new myricetin glycoside, myricetin 3- O - β - D -galactopyranoside 3′- O - β - D -xylopyranoside ( 2 ), and a group of phenolic lipids, 3 – 6 , along with four known phenolic compounds, (−)-epigallocatechin, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate, gallic acid, and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-03-31
    Description: Aims Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists has been applied into cancer immunotherapy, but the heterogeneity of tumor renders TLR7 behaves versatile in tumor microenvironment and the characteristic of TLR7 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unclear. Methods and results 20 healthy oral tissues, 50 oral leukoplakia tissues and 166 retrospective primary OSCC samples were collected for immunohistochemical staining of TLR7 and showed up-regulated expression during carcinogenesis. Moreover, patients with high expression of TLR7 in tumor cells (TCs) had poor differentiation and prognosis. Interestingly, patients with high expression of TLR7 in stroma fibroblast-like cells (FLCs) had low tumor stage, no lymph node metastasis (LNM) and better prognosis. Furthermore, ki-67, CD3, CD4, CD8 and Foxp3 + tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes were assessed and found that TLR7 high TCs were infiltrated with fewer CD3 + CD4 + but more Foxp3 + lymphocytes. Importantly, patients with TLR7 low TCs and TLR7 high FLCs had less Foxp3 + lymphocytes infiltration and longer survival time than those who with TLR7 high TCs/TLR7 low FLCs, although TLR7 was not an independent prognostic factor for OSCC. Conclusions The low expression of TLR7 in tumor and high expression of TLR7 in stroma predict a good clinical outcome for OSCC patients and stroma FLCs might be conducive to immunotherapy by TLR7 agonist. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0309-0167
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2559
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-03-27
    Description: Soil respiration in water-limited ecosystems is affected intricately by soil water content (SWC), temperature, and soil properties. Eight sites on sand-fixed dunes revegetated in different years since1950s, with several topographical positions and various biological soil crusts (BSCs) and soil properties, were selected, as well as a moving sand dune (MSD) and a reference steppe in the Tengger Desert of China. Intact soil samples of 20 cm in depth were taken and incubated randomly at twelve levels of SWC (0 to 0.4 m 3 m −3 ) and at nine levels of temperature (5 to 45 °C) in a growth chamber; additionally, cryptogamic and microbial respiration (R M ) were measured. Total soil respiration (R T , including cryptogamic, microbial, and root respiration) was measured for two years at the MSD and five sites of sand-fixed dunes. The relationship between R M and SWC under the optimal SWC condition (0.25 m 3 m −3 ) is linear, as is the entire range of R T and SWC. The slope of linear function describes sensitivity of soil respiration to water (SRW) and reflects to soil water availability, which is related significantly to soil physical properties, BSCs, and soil chemical properties, in decreasing importance. Inversely, Q 10 for R M is related significantly to abovementioned factors in increasing importance. However, Q 10 for R T and respiration rate at 20 °C are related significantly to soil texture and depth of BSCs and subsoil only. In conclusion, through affecting SRW, soil physical properties produce significant influences on soil respiration, especially for R T . This indicates that a definition of the biophysical meaning of SRW is necessary, considering the water-limited and coarse-textured soil in most desert ecosystems.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2015-08-18
    Description: A scheme for enhancing the electron injection charge in a laser-driven bubble acceleration is proposed. In this scheme, a thin foil target is placed in front of a gas target. Upon interaction with an ultra-intense laser pulse, the foil emits electrons with large longitudinal momenta, allowing them to be trapped into the transmitted shaped laser-excited bubble in the gaseous plasma target. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is used to demonstrate this scheme, and an electron beam with a total electron number of 4.21 × 10 8   μ m − 1 can be produced, which is twice the number of electrons produced without the foil. Such scheme may be widely used for applications that require high electron yields such as positron and gamma ray generation from relativistic electron beams interacting with solid targets.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
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