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  • Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research  (2)
  • PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  (2)
  • Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung  (1)
  • Nature  (1)
Document type
Keywords
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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Distribution and role of microprotozoa in the Southern Ocean : = Verteilung und Einfluß von herbivoren Protozoen auf Phytoplanktonbestände und Vertikalflüsse im Südpolarmeer (1997)
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Forschungsbericht ; Südpolarmeer ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Antarktis ; Polarmeer ; Mikroplankton ; Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilung ; Südpolarmeer ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Antarktis ; Polarmeer ; Mikroplankton ; Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilung ; Phytoplankton ; Südpolarmeer
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 119 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polarforschung 253
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/238836916.pdf
    RVK:
    RZ 95507
    RVK:
    RY 20075
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 105 - 119 , Intermediärsprache: Deutsch , Teilw. zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 1996
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  • 2
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    High particulate organic carbon export during the decline of a vast diatom bloom in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean (2017)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 138, pp. 102-115, ISSN: 0967-0645
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-29
    Description: Carbon fixation by phytoplankton plays a key role in the uptake of atmospheric CO2 in the Southern Ocean. Yet, it still remains unclear how efficiently the particulate organic carbon (POC) is exported and transferred from ocean surface waters to depth during phytoplankton blooms. In addition, little is known about the processes that control the flux attenuation within the upper twilight zone. Here, we present results of downward POC and particulate organic nitrogen fluxes during the decline of a vast diatom bloom in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in summer 2012. We used thorium-234 (234Th) as a particle tracer in combination with drifting sediment traps (ST). Their simultaneous use evidenced a sustained high export rate of 234Th at 100 m depth in the weeks prior to and during the sampling period. The entire study area, of approximately 8000 km2, showed similar vertical export fluxes in spite of the heterogeneity in phytoplankton standing stocks and productivity, indicating a decoupling between production and export. The POC fluxes at 100 m were high, averaging 26±15 mmol C m−2 d−1, although the strength of the biological pump was generally low. Only 〈20% of the daily primary production reached 100 m, presumably due to an active recycling of carbon and nutrients. Pigment analyses indicated that direct sinking of diatoms likely caused the high POC transfer efficiencies (~60%) observed between 100 and 300 m, although faecal pellets and transport of POC linked to zooplankton vertical migration might have also contributed to downward fluxes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Distribution and role of microprotozoa in the Southern Ocean = Verteilung und Einfluß von herbivoren Protozoen auf Phytoplanktonbestände und Vertikalflüsse im Südpolarmeer (1997)
    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3Berichte zur Polarforschung (Reports on Polar Research), Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 253, 119 p., ISSN: 0176-5027
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-09-03
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: "Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung" , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Interactions for algae-degrading benthic microbial communities in deep-sea sediments along the Antarctic Polar Front. (2014)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 108, pp. 6-16, ISSN: 0967-0645
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-25
    Description: Phytoplankton blooms in surface waters of the oceans are known to influence the food web and impact microbial as well as zooplankton communities. Numerous studies have investigated the fate of phytoplankton-derived organic matter in surface waters and shelf sediments, however, little is known about the effect of sinking algal biomass on microbial communities in deep-sea sediments. Here, we analyzed sediments of four regions in the Southern Atlantic Ocean along the Antarctic Polar Front that had different exposures to phytoplankton bloom derived organic matter. We investigated the microbial communities in these sediments using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA molecules to determine microorganisms that were active and catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization to infer their abundance and distribution. The sediments along the Antarctic Polar Front harbored microbial communities that were highly diverse and contained microbial clades that seem to preferably occur in regions of high primary productivity. We showed that organisms affiliated with the gammaproteobacterial clade NOR5/OM60, which is known from surface waters and coastal sediments, thrive in the deep-sea. Benthic deep-sea NOR5 were abundant, diverse, distinct from pelagic NOR5 and likely specialized on the degradation of phytoplankton-derived organic matter, occupying a similar niche as their pelagic relatives. Algal detritus seemed to not only fuel the benthic microbial communities of large areas in the deep-sea, but also to influence communities locally, as we found a peak in Flavobacteriaceae-related clades that also include degraders of algal biomass. The results strongly suggest that phytoplankton-derived organic matter was rapidly exported to the deep-sea, nourished distinct benthic microbial communities and seemed to be the main energy source for microbial life in the seafloor of vast abyssal regions along the Antarctic Polar Front.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 5
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    Deep carbon export from a Southern Ocean iron-fertilized diatom bloom. (2012)
    Nature
    In:  EPIC3Nature, Nature, 487(7407), pp. 313-319
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Fertilization of the ocean by adding iron compounds has induced diatom-dominated phytoplankton blooms accompanied by considerable carbon dioxide drawdown in the ocean surface layer. However, because the fate of bloom biomass could not be adequately resolved in these experiments, the timescales of carbon sequestration from the atmosphere are uncertain. Here we report the results of a five-week experiment carried out in the closed core of a vertically coherent, mesoscale eddy of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, during which we tracked sinking particles from the surface to the deep-sea floor. A large diatom bloom peaked in the fourth week after fertilization. This was followed by mass mortality of several diatom species that formed rapidly sinking, mucilaginous aggregates of entangled cells and chains. Taken together, multiple lines of evidence—although each with important uncertainties—lead us to conclude that at least half the bloom biomass sank far below a depth of 1,000 metres and that a substantial portion is likely to have reached the sea floor. Thus, iron-fertilized diatom blooms may sequester carbon for timescales of centuries in ocean bottom water and for longer in the sediments.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    Expedition Programme 133/1 (2022)
    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3Expeditionsprogramm Polarstern, Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 51 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Expedition program , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: application/pdf
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