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  • 1
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    Barotropic tides in the Northeast Atlantic inferred from moored current meter data (1985)
    Springer
    In:  Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, 38 (1). pp. 7-22.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-02
    Description: Current data obtained from 7 moorings in the Northeast Atlantic in the course of many years are analysed with respect to semi-diurnal barotropic and baroclinic tides and diurnal barotropic tides. For semi-diurnal tides M2 and S2 the energy distribution is usually dominated by the barotropic mode; only in a few cases does the first-order baroclinic mode contain higher energy. Barotropic tidal ellipse orientations are found to be consistent with results from earlier tide gauge observations in this area. Significant deviations occur, however, in amplitudes. Results for the diurnal component K1 are also presented. With few exceptions, tides are found to be progressive waves in this area. The current ellipse pattern is similar to results obtained indirectly by Cartwright, Edden, Spencer et al. [1980] from tide gauge observations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/BF02226433
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung bestimmter Tonfrequenzbänder für die Verständlichkeit synthetischer Sprache und über Änderungen der Sprachverständlichkeit bei Kanalvertauschungen (1961)
    Springer
    In:  Zeitschrift für Angewandte Physik, 13 (6). pp. 275-283.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    The zonal WOCE sections in the South Atlantic (1996)
    Springer
    In:  In: The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. , ed. by Wefer, G., Berger, W. H., Siedler, G. and Webb, D. J. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 83-104. ISBN 3-540-62079-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-03
    Description: The data from six zonal sections in the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) in the tropical and southem Atlantic are used to describe the distribution of water masses. Due to the high spatial resolution, the structure oftemperature, salinity, oxygen, silicate and nitrate displays details related to transport and mixing in this region. Temperature-salinity diagrams are also presented which indicate the effects ofbranching and recirculation loops in the water mass flow.
    Type: Book chapter , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 4
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    On Bathymetry of the Hunter Channel (1996)
    Springer
    In:  In: The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. , ed. by Wefer, G., Berger, W. H., Siedler, G. and Webb, D. J. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 355-361.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-15
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Physical properties (general)of sea water (1986)
    Springer
    In:  In: Landolt-Börnstein Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaften und Technik: Neue Serie = Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology: new series / Ed.-in-chief: O. Madelung Gruppe 5, Geophysik und Weltraumforschung = Geophysics and space research Bd. 3, Ozeanographie = Oceanography, Teilband a. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 233-264. ISBN 3-540-15092-7
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-05
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 6
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    Variability of the thermohaline staircase (1973)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 244 (131). pp. 11-12.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-02
    Description: STEP-LIKE structures in temperature and salinity beneath the Mediterranean water have been observed in the Eastern Atlantic1–6. In Fig. 1 we show the stations where steps have been found in the area to the west of Gibraltar. Salt fingering as a result of double diffusive processes has been suggested as a possible cause for the generation of such step-like structures7. During cruise No. 23 of RV Meteor in 1971 we intended to study the small scale features of such structures8. Some previous observations6 in August/September 1970 had revealed an extensive zone where a “thermohaline staircase” existed (Fig. 1). We therefore selected stations in this area and close to it for the proposed study. A high resolution in situ conductivity-temperature-depth meter of the “Kieler Multi-Meeressonde” type was used for the vertical profiling of temperature and salinity.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/physci244011a0
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Langzeitige Änderungen des Salzgehaltes in der Unterweser (1983)
    Springer
    In:  Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, 36 (2). pp. 61-77.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-02
    Description: Anhand hundertjähriger Meßreihen wurden langfristige Salzgehaltsänderungen in der Unterweser und ihre möglichen Ursachen untersucht. Dabei wurde angestrebt, die natürlichen und die anthropogenen Einflüsse auf den Salzgehalt zu trennen. Trotz des unvollständigen Datensatzes konnten der Einfluß des Einzugsgebietes und Salzgehaltsschwankungen des angrenzenden Meeresgebietes nahezu eliminiert werden. Wegen der langzeitigen Änderungen der Gezeiten in der Nordsee waren genaue Aussagen über die Auswirkung der in den letzten hundert Jahren in der Unterweser durchgeführten Baumaßnahmen auf den Salzgehalt nicht möglich. Unsere Ergebnisse geben Hinweise für moderne Meßnetze zur Bestimmung der Wasserqualität.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/BF02313285
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Meandering of the subtropical front south-east of the Azores (1982)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 300 (5889). pp. 245-246.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-08
    Description: A subtropical front was observed in the area south and southeast of the Azores during cruises of FS Meteor and FS Poseidon in early 1982. The front has a basically west–east extension, with considerable meandering observed. Meso-scale eddies are found on both sides. The overall flow pattern corresponds to earlier results on geopotential differences in the upper northeast Atlantic, but the baroclinic transport of the order of 107 m3 s−1 is found to be concentrated in a 60-km wide jet. We suggest here that the current band is part of the gyre circulation, resulting from a branching of the North Atlantic Current.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/300245a0
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    South Atlantic heat transport at 11°S (1996)
    Springer
    In:  In: The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. , ed. by Wefer, G., Berger, W. H., Siedler, G. and Webb, D. J. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 105-120. ISBN 3-540-62079-6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-03
    Description: Hydrographic data along 11°S occupied in 1983 by the R.V. OCEANUS are used together with various wind climatologies to estimate the annual average transport of heat at this latitude. Some motivation for expecting fairly well-defined estimates at this latitude compared to others comes from the absence of a strong western boundary current. Results include flow in four layers representing the thermocline, Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, and Antarctic Bottom Water, using zero velocity reference level choices based on property distributions. The annual average heat transport is estimated to be 0.6 ± 0.17 x 1015 W. Previous estimates of the transport at 8–16°S range from 0.2 PW to greater than 1 PW. Interannual variability from the wind field alone leads to interannual heat transport variability of about 0.05 PW. Comparisons with other recent studies at 45–30°S and 11°N are made.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-80353-6_6
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 10
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    Circulation in the Deep Brazil Basin (1996)
    Springer
    In:  In: The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. , ed. by Wefer, G., Berger, W. H., Siedler, G. and Webb, D. J. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 249-260.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-12
    Description: The Deep Basin Experiment (DBE), a part of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE), is presently underway in the Brazil Basin of the South Atlantic. The program objectives and design philosophy are reviewed and early results are presented. Observations from a moored array along the southern boundary and neutrally buoyant float trajectories in the North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water are described with emphasis on their relationship to the recent flow schemes offered by Reid (1989). Also discussed are the process of cross isotherm mixing within the intense flow regime of the Verna Channel and observations of long period warming of the bottom water.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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