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Hydrologic controls on seasonal and inter-annual variability of Congo River particulate organic matter source and reservoir age (2017)

Hemingway, Jordon D. ; Schefuß, Enno ; Spencer, Robert G. M. ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2022-05-26

Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here under a nonexclusive, irrevocable, paid-up, worldwide license granted to WHOI. It is made available for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Chemical Geology 466 (2017): 454-465, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.06.034.

Description: We present dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, particulate organic matter (POM) composition (δ13C, δ15N, ∆14C, N/C), and particulate glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) distributions from a 34-month time-series near the mouth of the Congo River. An end-member mixing model using δ13C and N/C indicates that exported POM is consistently dominated by C3 rainforest soil sources, with increasing contribution from C3 vegetation and decreasing contribution from phytoplankton at high discharge. Large C4 inputs are never observed despite covering ≈ 13 % of the catchment. Low and variable ∆14C values during 2011 [annual mean = (-148 ± 82) ‰], when discharge from left-bank tributaries located in the southern hemisphere reached record lows, likely reflect a bias toward pre-aged POM derived from the Cuvette Congolaise swamp forest. In contrast, ∆14C values were stable near -50 ‰ between January and June 2013, when left-bank discharge was highest. We suggest that headwater POM is replaced and/or diluted by C3 vegetation and pre-aged soils during transit through the Cuvette Congolaise, whereas left-bank tributaries export significantly less pre-aged material. GDGT distributions provide further evidence for seasonal and inter-annual variability in soil provenance. The cyclization of branched tetraethers and the GDGT-0 to crenarchaeol ratio are positively correlated with discharge (r ≥ 0.70; p-value ≤ 4.3×10-5) due to the incorporation of swamp-forest soils when discharge from right-bank tributaries located in the northern hemisphere is high. Both metrics reach record lows during 2013, supporting our interpretation of increased left-bank contribution at this time. We conclude that hydrologic variability is a major control of POM provenance in the Congo River Basin and that tropical wetlands can be a significant POM source despite their small geographic coverage.

Description: J.D.H. was supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant number 2012126152; E.S. was supported by the DFG Research Center/Cluster of Excellence “The Ocean in the Earth System” at MARUM – Center for Environmental Sciences; V.V.G. was partly supported by the US National Science Foundation, grants OCE-0851015 and OCE-0928582; R.G.M.S. was partly supported by the US National Science Foundation, grants OCE-0851101, OCE-1333157, and OCE-1464396; and T.I.E. was partly supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF Grant No. 200021_140850).

Keywords: Biomarkers ; Congo River ; GDGTs ; Particulate Organic Matter ; Radiocarbon

Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server

Type: Preprint

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(Appendix B) Long-chain alkyl diol, GDGT and XRF data from marine surface sediments off shore the Amazon River estuary (2019)

Häggi, Christoph ; Schefuß, Enno ; Sawakuchi, André Oliveira ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2024-06-25

Keywords: 053-1; 054-2; 055-1; 056-3; 067-2; 075-2; 076-1; 078-2; 080-1; 086-1; 088-2; 1,13-1,14-and 1,15-diols; AMADEUS; Amazon Submarine Delta; Bc_17; Bc_24; Bc_44; Bc_61; Bc_82; Bc_90; BIT index; Branched and isoprenoid tetraether index; C32 1,15-diol; CaFe index; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Continental Slope Northeast Brazil; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Elevation of event; Event label; French Guiana; GDGT; GeoB16202-1; GeoB16203-2; GeoB16204-1; GeoB16205-3; GeoB16212-2; GeoB16216-2; GeoB16217-1; GeoB16218-2; GeoB16220-1; GeoB16223-1; GeoB16225-2; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Latitude of event; Long chain alkyl diols; Long chain diol, C28 1,13-diol; Long chain diol, C28 1,14-diol; Long chain diol, C30 1,13-diol; Long chain diol, C30 1,14-diol; Long chain diol, C30 1,15-diol; Long chain diol, C32 1,15-diol; Long chain diol index; Longitude of event; Maria S. Merian; MARUM; Mc_12; Mc_33; MSM20/3; MUC; MultiCorer; Sea surface temperature, annual mean; SL; δ13C, organic carbon

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 237 data points

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Highly branched isoprenoids and sterols in surface sedimentsfrom southern Drake Passage and the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula, sampled during POLARSTERN cruise PS97 (ANT-XXXI/3) (2019)

Vorrath, Maria-Elena ; Müller, Juliane ; Esper, Oliver ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2024-06-26

Keywords: (9E)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene, per unit mass total organic carbon; (9Z)-2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-7-(3-methylpent-4-enyliden)pentadeca-9-ene, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene, per unit mass total organic carbon; 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene, δ13C; 2,10,14-Trimethyl-6-enyl-7-(3-methylpent-1-enyl)pentadecene, δ13C, standard deviation; 24-Methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; 4alpha,23,24-Trimethyl-5alpha-cholest-22E-en-3beta-ol, per unit mass total organic carbon; ANT-XXXI/3; Bransfield Strait; Calculated; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Drake Passage; Elevation of event; Event label; Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); GBG; GC; Giant box corer; Giant box grab; GKG; Gravity corer; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MUC; MultiCorer; Phytoplankton biomarker Brassicasterol IPSO25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker Dinosterol IPSO25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker HBI E-Triene IPSO25 index; Phytoplankton biomarker HBI Z-Triene IPSO25 index; Polarstern; PS97; PS97/042-1; PS97/044-1; PS97/045-1; PS97/046-6; PS97/048-1; PS97/049-2; PS97/052-3; PS97/053-1; PS97/054-2; PS97/056-1; PS97/059-1; PS97/060-1; PS97/061-1; PS97/062-1; PS97/065-2; PS97/067-2; PS97/068-2; PS97/069-1; PS97/072-2; PS97/073-2; PS97/074-1; PS97/077-1; PS97/079-1; PS97/080-2; PS97/083-1; PS97/084-2; Satellite derived; Scotia Sea; Sea ice concentration, autumn; Sea ice concentration, autumn, standard deviation; Sea ice concentration, spring; Sea ice concentration, spring, standard deviation; Sea ice concentration, summer; Sea ice concentration, summer, standard deviation; Sea ice concentration, winter; Sea ice concentration, winter, standard deviation

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 445 data points

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dD of C29 and C31 plant wax n-alkanes from sediment core GeoB16202-2 (2017)

Mulitza, Stefan ; Chiessi, Cristiano Mazur ; Schefuß, Enno ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2024-06-25

Keywords: 053-2; AGE; Age, calculated calendar years; Age, error to older; Age, error to younger; AMADEUS; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Continental Slope Northeast Brazil; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Error; GeoB16202-2; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Maria S. Merian; MARUM; MSM20/3; n-Alkane C29, δD; n-Alkane C31, δD; SL

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 550 data points

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δ¹³C of C29 and C31 plant wax n-alkanes from sediment core GeoB16202-2 (2017)

Mulitza, Stefan ; Chiessi, Cristiano Mazur ; Schefuß, Enno ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2024-06-25

Keywords: 053-2; AGE; Age, calculated calendar years; AMADEUS; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Continental Slope Northeast Brazil; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Error; GeoB16202-2; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Maria S. Merian; MARUM; MSM20/3; n-Alkane C29, δ13C; n-Alkane C31, δ13C; SL

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 590 data points

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