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  • INTER-RESEARCH  (2)
  • Springer  (2)
  • Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer  (1)
  • German Society for Marine Research  (1)
  • 2015-2019  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Keywords: Life sciences ; Aquatic ecology ; Nature ; Environment ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Life Sciences ; Oceanography. ; Ecology . ; Life sciences ; Aquatic ecology ; Nature ; Environment ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Meereskunde ; Meeresbiologie ; Meeresökologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Meereskunde ; Meeresbiologie ; Meeresökologie
    Description / Table of Contents: Prolog -- 1 Die physikalische Umwelt „Meer“ -- 2 Der marine Kohlenstoffkreislauf -- 3 Das Pelagial -- 4 Eine virtuelle Reise durch den Atlantik – Energieflüsse, Nahrungswege und Anpassungspfade -- 5 Das Leben im Eispalast: Flora und Fauna des arktischen Meereises -- 6. Wechselwirkungen zwischen Meeresboden und Ozean: Die pelago-benthische Kopplung im Südpolarmeer -- 7 Auftriebsgebiete und El Niño -- 8 Das Bakterioplankton – Riese und Regulator im marinen Stoffumsatz -- 9 Das Phytoplankton im Überblick -- 10 Die wichtigsten Gruppen des Zooplanktons -- 11 Krill und Salpen prägen das antarktische Ökosystem -- 12 Mikroplastikmüll im Meer -- 13 Tintenfische – die Spitzenathleten der Weltmeere,- 14 Meeresschildkröten haben es schwer -- 15 Fischbrut im Nahrungsnetz -- 16 Der arktische Polardorsch und der Antarktische Silberfisch: Erfolgsgeschichten im Eismeer -- 17 Seevögel und ihre Ernährungsweisen als Spiegel der Meeresumwelt -- 18. Schweinswale in der Ostsee – Forschung für den Artenschutz -- 19 Leben am Meeresboden -- 20 Mikroorganismen des Tiefseebodens: Vielfalt, Verteilung, Funktion -- 21 Stabilität, Störungen oder Zufall: Was steuert marine Biodiversität? -- 22 Dunkle Energie: Symbiosen zwischen Tieren und chemosynthetischen Bakterien -- 23 Meeresküsten – ein Überblick -- 24 Leben auf festem Grund – Hartbodengemeinschaften -- 25 Muschelbänke, Seegraswiesen und Watten an Sand- und Schlickküsten -- 26 Mikroalgen in der Grenzschicht zwischen Sediment und Wasser -- 27 Wälder unter Wasser – Großalgengemeinschaften -- 28 Mangroven – Wälder zwischen Land und Meer -- 29 Ökosystem Korallenriff – Schatzkammer der Meere -- 30 Die Ostsee -- 31. Belastungen unserer Meere durch den Menschen -- 32 Wie wirkt der Klimawandel auf das Leben im Meer? -- 33 Ozeanversauerung: Gewinner und Verlierer im Plankton -- 34 CO2-Wirkung auf Meerestiere -- 35 Helgoland, Krill und Klimawandel -- 36 Klimaflüchtlinge, Migranten und Invasoren -- 37 Die Weltfischerei – mit weniger Aufwand fängt man mehr -- 38 Nachhaltiges Fischereimanagement – kann es das geben? -- 39 Zum Beispiel Kabeljau und Hering: Fischerei, Überfischung und Fischereimanagement im Nordatlantik -- 40 Der tote Leviathan – ein Streifzug durch die Geschichte des antarktischen Walfangs -- 41 Sushi und die Algenfarmen -- 42 Kultur von Meerestieren– mehr Eiweißnahrung aus dem Meer -- 43 Über Forschungsschiffe -- 44 Der Hausgarten in der Framstraße: Von der Momentaufnahme zur Langzeituntersuchung -- 45 Neue Methoden der Artbestimmung -- 46 Zeitmaschine DNA – die verschlüsselte Evolutionsgeschichte im Erbgut -- 47 Computermodelle als Werkzeuge der Meeresökologen -- 48 Meeresbiologische Forschungsinstitute in Deutschland -- Epilog.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 573 S. 220 Abb. in Farbe, online resource)
    Edition: 2. Aufl. 2017
    ISBN: 9783662497142
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Language: German
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: We conducted a year-round mesozooplankton study in the Arctic Kongsfjord from August 1998 until July 1999 to investigate seasonal abundance and vertical as well as stage distributions of the prevalent taxa. It is the first investigation in Kongsfjord that covers the Arctic winter season and provides reasonable estimates also of small-sized copepod species. Abundant smaller copepods comprised Oithona similis, Pseudocalanus minutus, Microcalanus spp., Triconia borealis and Acartia longiremis. Among the larger copepods, Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, C. hyperboreus and Metridia longa dominated. The thecosome pteropod Limacina helicina was also an important component. Abundance maxima occurred in November (988,669 ind. m−2) with one to two orders of magnitude higher numbers as compared to all other months (39,832–200,067 ind. m−2). The summers of 1998 and 1999 were characterized by intrusions of Atlantic water, but the community was not entirely dominated by advected boreal species. During winter, the majority of the mesozooplankton occurred below 100 m. Advection is the most likely reason for the accumulation of zooplankton at depth in winter, but local production may also contribute to high overwintering numbers. Much lower abundances of most species in spring suggest high winter mortality and emphasize the importance of sufficient reproductive success during the previous summer to ensure enough winter survivors as seed stock for the coming reproductive season. This study was conducted prior to the recent warming trend in the Arctic. Therefore, it provides valuable baseline data and allows comparing present and future states of the zooplankton community in Kongsfjord.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    INTER-RESEARCH
    In:  EPIC3Marine Ecology-Progress Series, INTER-RESEARCH, 625, pp. 41-52, ISSN: 0171-8630
    Publication Date: 2019-10-09
    Description: Environmental fluctuations can impose energetic constraints on organisms in terms of food shortage or compensation for metabolic stress. To better understand the biochemical strategies that support adaptive physiological processes in variable environments, we studied the lipid dynamics of the brown shrimp Crangon crangon and the pink shrimp Pandalus montagui by analysing their midgut glands during an annual cycle. Both species have an overlapping distribu- tion range in the southern North Sea, but differ in their habitat preferences, reproductive strate- gies, and life-history traits. C. crangon showed minor total lipid accumulation in their midgut glands, ranging between 14 and 17% of dry mass (DM), dominated by phospholipids. In contrast, P. montagui stored significantly larger amounts of total lipid (47−70% DM, mainly triacylglycer- ols) and showed a distinct seasonal cycle in lipid accumulation with a maximum in summer. Fatty acid trophic markers indicated a wide food spectrum for both species, with higher preferences of P. montagui for microalgae. In C. crangon, feeding preferences were less distinct due the low total lipid levels in the midgut gland. PCA based on fatty acid compositions of both species suggested that C. crangon has a broader dietary spectrum than P. montagui. C. crangon seems to have the capacity to use sufficient energy directly from ingested food to fuel all metabolic requirements, including multiple spawnings, without building up large lipid reserves in the midgut gland. P. montagui, in contrast, relies more on the energy storage function of the midgut gland to over- come food scarcity and to allocate lipids for reproduction.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
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    German Society for Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3YOUMARES 7, Hamburg, Germany, 2016-09-11-2016-09-13Hamburg, Germany, German Society for Marine Research
    Publication Date: 2016-11-21
    Description: The intertidal Asian shore crab H. sanguineus was initially found on the French coast in the late 1990’s. It rapidly extended its range further north and is now well established in the German Wadden Sea. Recently, it was also found in western Sweden. In its intertidal habitat, it co-occurs with the European green crab C. maenas. The ecophysiology of H. sanguineus is virtually unknown. In this study, the physiological capacities of both species and their potential for intra-guild competition were investigated. We specifically compared the energy deposition and dietary preferences of ovigerous females of both species. Females of both species carrying immature or mature eggs were collected in April, June, August and October 2015 in an intertidal site on the Island of Helgoland, North Sea, Germany. Total lipid levels of midgut glands and eggs were acquired via extraction. Subsequently, fatty acid compositions were determined through gas chromatography. Total lipid levels of H. sanguineus midgut glands were clearly higher than those of C. maenas (40% vs. 10% dry mass, DM). Immature eggs of both species were quite lipid-rich with 30% and 25%DM, respectively. In mature eggs, lipid levels decreased to ~15%DM each. A Principal Component Analysis of the fatty acid compositions of midgut glands and eggs revealed separate clusters for both species. Lipids of C. maenas were characterized more by membrane fatty acids. Fatty acids of C. maenas midgut glands and eggs clustered together. They were largely dominated by carnivory biomarkers. Contrastingly, fatty acids of midgut glands and all eggs of H. sanguineus formed separate clusters and trophic markers indicated a more herbivorous diet. Higher lipid levels and thus more pronounced energy deposition in H. sanguineus midgut glands indicate higher starvation tolerance for females, a potential competitive advantage over C. maenas. Direct food competition, however, seems negligible, as H. sanguineus prefers a more herbivorous diet than C. maenas. Deviating fatty acid compositions among H. sanguineus midgut glands and eggs suggests that this species may represent an income breeder, utilizing energy from both the midgut gland and dietary input. In contrast, most brachyuran crabs are capital breeders, relying exclusively on internal reserves.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 5
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    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Handbook on Marine Environment Protection, Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 21 p., pp. 353-373, ISBN: 978-3-319-60156-4
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: In this chapter, the effects of temperature change—as a main aspect of climate change—on marine biodiversity are assessed. Starting from a general discussion of species responses to temperature, the chapter presents how species respond to warming. These responses comprise adaptation and phenotypic plasticity as well as range shifts. The observed range shifts show more rapid shifts at the poleward range edge than at the equator-near edge, which probably reflects more rapid immigration than extinction in a warming world. A third avenue of changing biodiversity is change in species interactions, which can be altered by temporal and spatial shifts in interacting species. We then compare the potential changes in biodiversity to actual trends recently addressed in empirical synthesis work on local marine biodiversity, which lead to conceptual issues in quantifying the degree of biodiversity change. Finally we assess how climate change impacts the protection of marine environments.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 6
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    INTER-RESEARCH
    In:  EPIC3Marine Ecology-Progress Series, INTER-RESEARCH, 602, pp. 169-181, ISSN: 0171-8630
    Publication Date: 2018-08-24
    Description: The invasive Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus and the native European green crab Carcinus maenas share intertidal habitats along European North Atlantic shores and may compete for food. We evaluated the energy-storing capacities of the 2 species and determined their dietary preferences by means of lipid analysis and fatty acid trophic marker indices. Specimens of both sexes and various sizes were sampled in the rocky intertidal of the island of Helgoland (North Sea) in April, June, August, and October 2015. Total lipids of the midgut glands were significantly higher in H. sanguineus than in C. maenas and followed a distinct seasonal cycle in both sexes (ca. 20−50% of dry mass, DM). The lower lipid contents of C. maenas (ca. 20% of DM) remained at a similar level throughout the seasons. The seasonal differences in the females of H. sanguineus may be due to higher reproductive output and, consequently, lipid turnover, but remain unexplained in males. Trophic indices for Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyta, and especially Phaeophyceae were higher in H. sanguineus than in C. maenas, suggesting a higher degree of herbivory of the invader. In contrast, the Rhodophyta index was higher in C. maenas. Thus, competition for food between the 2 species will probably be low in habitats rich in macroalgae. The ability of H. sanguineus to utilize mainly energy-poor algae but accumulate high-energy reserves may be an advantage for successfully establishing persistent populations in new habitats.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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