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  • 2020-2024  (15)
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  • 1
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    The Transpolar Drift as a Source of Riverine and Shelf-Derived Trace Elements to the Central Arctic Ocean (2020)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: A major surface circulation feature of the Arctic Ocean is the Transpolar Drift (TPD), a current that transports river‐influenced shelf water from the Laptev and East Siberian Seas toward the center of the basin and Fram Strait. In 2015, the international GEOTRACES program included a high‐resolution pan‐Arctic survey of carbon, nutrients, and a suite of trace elements and isotopes (TEIs). The cruises bisected the TPD at two locations in the central basin, which were defined by maxima in meteoric water and dissolved organic carbon concentrations that spanned 600 km horizontally and ~25‐50 m vertically. Dissolved TEIs such as Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Hg, Nd, and Th, which are generally particle‐reactive but can be complexed by organic matter, were observed at concentrations much higher than expected for the open ocean setting. Other trace element concentrations such as Al, V, Ga, and Pb were lower than expected due to scavenging over the productive East Siberian and Laptev shelf seas. Using a combination of radionuclide tracers and ice drift modeling, the transport rate for the core of the TPD was estimated at 0.9 ± 0.4 Sv (106 m3 s‐1). This rate was used to derive the mass flux for TEIs that were enriched in the TPD, revealing the importance of lateral transport in supplying materials beneath the ice to the central Arctic Ocean and potentially to the North Atlantic Ocean via Fram Strait. Continued intensification of the Arctic hydrologic cycle and permafrost degradation will likely lead to an increase in the flux of TEIs into the Arctic Ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Intensification of Near‐Surface Currents and Shear in the Eastern Arctic Ocean (2020)
    AGU | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: A 15-year (2004–2018) record of mooring observations from the upper 50 m of the ocean in the eastern Eurasian Basin reveals increased current speeds and vertical shear, associated with an increasing coupling between wind, ice, and the upper ocean over 2004–2018, particularly in summer. Substantial increases in current speeds and shears in the upper 50 m are dominated by a two times amplification of currents in the semidiurnal band, which includes tides and wind-forced near-inertial oscillations. For the first time the strengthened upper ocean currents and shear are observed to coincide with weakening stratification. This coupling links the Atlantic Water heat to the sea ice, a consequence of which would be reducing regional sea ice volume. These results point to a new positive feedback mechanism in which reduced sea ice extent facilitates more energetic inertial oscillations and associated upper-ocean shear, thus leading to enhanced ventilation of the Atlantic Water.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Weakening of Cold Halocline Layer Exposes Sea Ice to Oceanic Heat in the Eastern Arctic Ocean (2020)
    AMS (American Meterological Society)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: A 15-yr duration record of mooring observations from the eastern (〉70°E) Eurasian Basin (EB) of the Arctic Ocean is used to show and quantify the recently increased oceanic heat flux from intermediate-depth (~150–900 m) warm Atlantic Water (AW) to the surface mixed layer and sea ice. The upward release of AW heat is regulated by the stability of the overlying halocline, which we show has weakened substantially in recent years. Shoaling of the AW has also contributed, with observations in winter 2017–18 showing AW at only 80 m depth, just below the wintertime surface mixed layer, the shallowest in our mooring records. The weakening of the halocline for several months at this time implies that AW heat was linked to winter convection associated with brine rejection during sea ice formation. This resulted in a substantial increase of upward oceanic heat flux during the winter season, from an average of 3–4 W m−2 in 2007–08 to 〉10 W m−2 in 2016–18. This seasonal AW heat loss in the eastern EB is equivalent to a more than a twofold reduction of winter ice growth. These changes imply a positive feedback as reduced sea ice cover permits increased mixing, augmenting the summer-dominated ice-albedo feedback.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Strong Margin Influence on the Arctic Ocean Barium Cycle Revealed by Pan‐Arctic Synthesis (2022)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Early studies revealed relationships between barium (Ba), particulate organic carbon and silicate, suggesting applications for Ba as a paleoproductivity tracer and as a tracer of modern ocean circulation. But, what controls the distribution of barium (Ba) in the oceans? Here, we investigated the Arctic Ocean Ba cycle through a one-of-a-kind data set containing dissolved (dBa), particulate (pBa), and stable isotope Ba ratio (δ138Ba) data from four Arctic GEOTRACES expeditions conducted in 2015. We hypothesized that margins would be a substantial source of Ba to the Arctic Ocean water column. The dBa, pBa, and δ138Ba distributions all suggest significant modification of inflowing Pacific seawater over the shelves, and the dBa mass balance implies that ∼50% of the dBa inventory (upper 500 m of the Arctic water column) was supplied by nonconservative inputs. Calculated areal dBa fluxes are up to 10 μmol m−2 day−1 on the margin, which is comparable to fluxes described in other regions. Applying this approach to dBa data from the 1994 Arctic Ocean Survey yields similar results. The Canadian Arctic Archipelago did not appear to have a similar margin source; rather, the dBa distribution in this section is consistent with mixing of Arctic Ocean-derived waters and Baffin Bay-derived waters. Although we lack enough information to identify the specifics of the shelf sediment Ba source, we suspect that a sedimentary remineralization and terrigenous sources (e.g., submarine groundwater discharge or fluvial particles) are contributors.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Physical properties of sea ice cores for biogeochemistry studies measured on legs 1 to 3 of the MOSAiC expedition (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: We present sea ice temperature and salinity data from first-year ice (FYI) and second-year ice (SYI) relevant to the temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from the early growth phase in October 2019 to the onset of spring warming in May 2020. Our dataset was collected in the central Arctic Ocean during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 to 2020. MOSAiC was an international transpolar drift expedition in which the German icebreaker RV Polarstern anchored into an ice floe to gain new insights into Arctic climate over a full annual cycle. In October 2019, RV Polarstern moored to an ice floe in the Siberian sector of the Arctic at 85 degrees north and 137 degrees east to begin the drift towards the North Pole and the Fram Strait via the Transpolar Drift Stream. The data presented here were collected during the first three legs of the expedition, so all the coring activities took place on the same floe. The end dates of legs 1, 2, and 3 were 13 December, 24 February, and 4 June, respectively. The dataset contributed to a baseline study entitled, Deciphering the properties of different Arctic ice types during the growth phase of the MOSAiC floes: Implications for future studies. The study highlights downward directed gas pathways in FYI and SYI by inferring sea ice permeability and potential brine release from several time series of temperature and salinity measurements. The physical properties presented in this paper lay the foundation for subsequent analyses on actual gas contents measured in the ice cores, as well as air-ice and ice-ocean gas fluxes. Sea ice cores were collected with a Kovacs Mark II 9 cm diameter corer. To measure ice temperatures, about 4.5 cm deep holes were drilled into the core (intervals varied by site and leg) . The temperatures were measured by a digital thermometer within minutes after the cores were retrieved. The ice cores were placed into pre-labelled plastic sleeves sealed at the bottom end. The ice cores were transported to RV Polarstern and stored in a -20 degrees Celsius freezer. Each of the cores was sub-sampled, melted at room temperature, and processed for salinity within one or two days. The practical salinity was estimated by measuring the electrical conductivity and temperature of the melted samples using a WTW Cond 3151 salinometer equipped with a Tetra-Con 325 four-electrode conductivity cell. The practical salinity represents the the salinity estimated from the electrical conductivity of the solution. The dataset also contains derived variables, including sea ice density, brine volume fraction, and the Rayleigh number.
    Keywords: AC3; Arctic Amplification; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; brine; first-year ice; HAVOC; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_BGC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC_SNOW; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Sea ice; second-year ice; Temperature and Salinity
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Second-year sea-ice salinity, temperature, density, oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition from the main coring site (MCS-SYI) during MOSAiC legs 1 to 4 in 2019/2020 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Second-year sea-ice thickness, draft, salinity, temperature, and density were measured during near-weekly surveys at the main second-year ice coring site (MCS-SYI) during the MOSAiC expedition (legs 1 to 3) and new second-year ice coring site leg 4, since the earlier site was not accessible any longer. The ice cores were extracted either with a 9-cm (Mark II) or 7.25-cm (Mark III) internal diameter ice corers (Kovacs Enterprise, US). This data set includes data from 18 coring site visits and were performed from 28 October 2019 to 20 July 2020 at coring locations within 50 m to each other in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. During each coring event, ice temperature was measured in situ from a separate temperature core, using Testo 720 thermometers in drill holes with a length of half-core-diameter at 5-cm vertical resolution. Ice bulk practical salinity was measured from melted core sections at 5-cm resolution using a YSI 30 conductivity meter. Ice density was measured using the hydrostatic weighing method (Pustogvar and Kulyakhtin, 2016) from a density core in the freezer laboratory onboard Polarstern at the temperature of –15°C. Relative volumes of brine and gas were estimated from ice salinity, temperature and density using Cox and Weeks (1983) for cold ice and Leppäranta and Manninen (1988) for ice warmer than –2°C. The data contains the event label (1), time (2), and global coordinates (3,4) of each coring measurement and sample IDs (13, 15). Each salinity core has its manually measured ice thickness (5), ice draft (6), core length (7), and mean snow height (22). Each core section has the total length of its top (8) and bottom (9) measured in situ, as well estimated depth of section top (10), bottom (11), and middle (12). The depth estimates assume that the total length of all core sections is equal to the measured ice thickness. Each core section has the value of its practical salinity (14), isotopic values (16, 17, 18) (Meyer et al., 2000), as well as sea ice temperature (19) and ice density (20) interpolated to the depth of salinity measurements. The global coordinates of coring sites were measured directly. When it was not possible, coordinates of the nearby temperature buoy 2019T62 (legs 1-3) or 2019T61 (leg 4) were used. Ice mass balance buoy 2019T62 installation is described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.940231, ice mass balance buoy 2020T61 installation is described in doi: 10.1594/PANGAEA.926580. Brine volume (21) fraction estimates are presented only for fraction values from 0 to 30%. Each core section also has comments (23) describing if the sample is from a new coring site or has any other special characteristics. Macronutrients from the salinity core will be published in a subsequent version of this data set.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; Calculated; Comment; Core length; cores; DATE/TIME; density; Density, ice; Depth, adjusted; Depth, adjusted bottom; Depth, adjusted top; Depth, ice/snow, bottom/maximum; Depth, ice/snow, top/minimum; Deuterium excess; Ecological monitoring; Event label; HAVOC; Hydrostatic weighing; IC; Ice corer; ICEGAUGE; Ice thickness gauge; Isotopic liquid water analyzer; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Physical properties; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-16; PS122/1_5-78; PS122/1_6-36; PS122/1_7-53; PS122/1_7-9; PS122/1_9-11; PS122/2; PS122/2_20-5; PS122/2_22-7; PS122/2_25-15; PS122/3; PS122/3_33-18; PS122/3_35-4; PS122/3_36-4; PS122/3_38-16; PS122/3_39-18; PS122/4; PS122/4_45-29; PS122/4_46-20; PS122/4_47-18; PS122/4_48-25; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Temperature; Salinometer, inductive; Sample ID; Sea ice; Sea ice draft; Sea ice salinity; Sea ice thickness; Snow height; Tape measure; Temperature, ice/snow; Thermometer; time-series; Volume, brine; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9395 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Physical oceanography based on Ocean City CTD during POLARSTERN cruise PS122 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: This data set contains the hydrographic profile data collected with a CTD rosette in a shelter on the ice (Ocean City) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The CTD is an SBE911plus with 12 bottles, 5 liters each, operated with a small winch and crane in the shelter on the ice. The data set contains calibrated and quality-controlled parameters (temperature, conductivity, oxygen and their derived variables) as well as only pre-cruise calibrated parameters where no post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied (all other). CDOM fluorescence data are the exception. Quality control was performed but data have to be handled with care, as the sensor seems to have broken down during leg 3 such that no post-cruise calibration could be applied. The data are provided as text file (all cruise legs in one file) as well as in netCDF format (one file per cruise leg). The accuracy for salinity and conductivity is 0.004 while the accuracy for temperature is 0.002. Additional information on the sensor used for the final data set, the water depth as well as the availability of profile or bottle data is given in a separate info-text-file. Contact: Sandra.Tippenhauer@awi.de Quality flags are given based on paragraph 6. "Quality flags" from https://www.seadatanet.org/content/download/596/file/SeaDataNet_QC_procedures_V2_%28May_2010%29.pdf. QC flag meanings: 0 = unknown, 1 = good_data, 2 = probably good_data, 3 = probably bad data, 4 = bad data set to nan. This work was carried out and data was produced as part of the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) with the tag MOSAiC20192020. We thank all persons involved in the expedition of the Research Vessel Polarstern during MOSAiC in 2019-2020 (AWI_PS122_00) as listed in Nixdorf et al. (2021).
    Keywords: Advective Pathways of nutrients and key Ecological substances in the ARctic; APEAR; Arctic Ocean; Attenuation, optical beam transmission; AWI_PhyOce; Chlorophyll a; Conductivity; CTD; CTD, Seabird; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus, measured with Temperature sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE3plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to Bittig et al. (2018); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to McDougall and Barker (2011); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Conductivity sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 4; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Dissolved oxygen sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 43; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, Turner Designs, Cyclops-6k 2160-000-R; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, WET Labs, ECO FLRTD; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with PAR sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCP2300-HP; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with SPAR Sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCR2200; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Transmissometer, WET Labs, C-Star; CTD/Rosette; CTD-R; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; Density, potential anomaly; DEPTH, water; Event label; Fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; HAVOC; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAIC_PO; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Oxygen; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen saturation; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; Pressure, water; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-129; PS122/1_10-14; PS122/1_10-26; PS122/1_10-33; PS122/1_10-45; PS122/1_11-17; PS122/1_11-24; PS122/1_11-40; PS122/1_4-37; PS122/1_5-40; PS122/1_5-46; PS122/1_5-59; PS122/1_5-8; PS122/1_6-122; PS122/1_6-17; PS122/1_6-18; PS122/1_6-38; PS122/1_7-15; PS122/1_7-40; PS122/1_7-41; PS122/1_7-96; PS122/1_8-16; PS122/1_8-18; PS122/1_9-113; PS122/1_9-28; PS122/1_9-36; PS122/1_9-37; PS122/1_9-46; PS122/1_9-47; PS122/1_9-48; PS122/1_99-78; PS122/1_99-79; PS122/1_99-81; PS122/1_99-82; PS122/2; PS122/2_16-54; PS122/2_16-64; PS122/2_16-94; PS122/2_17-18; PS122/2_17-78; PS122/2_17-8; PS122/2_18-16; PS122/2_18-25; PS122/2_18-81; PS122/2_18-91; PS122/2_19-123; PS122/2_19-18; PS122/2_19-4; PS122/2_19-42; PS122/2_19-89; PS122/2_20-109; PS122/2_20-17; PS122/2_20-2; PS122/2_20-33; PS122/2_21-1; PS122/2_21-101; PS122/2_21-114; PS122/2_21-128; PS122/2_21-26; PS122/2_22-18; PS122/2_22-3; PS122/2_22-49; PS122/2_22-71; PS122/2_23-17; PS122/2_23-4; PS122/2_23-70; PS122/2_24-47; PS122/2_25-26; PS122/2_25-4; PS122/2_99-83; PS122/2_99-84; PS122/2_99-85; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-74; PS122/3_29-8; PS122/3_30-38; PS122/3_30-9; PS122/3_31-18; PS122/3_31-81; PS122/3_32-12; PS122/3_32-75; PS122/3_32-77; PS122/3_33-69; PS122/3_33-71; PS122/3_33-80; PS122/3_33-82; PS122/3_34-17; PS122/3_34-38; PS122/3_34-65; PS122/3_34-67; PS122/3_34-76; PS122/3_34-77; PS122/3_35-25; PS122/3_35-60; PS122/3_35-62; PS122/3_35-63; PS122/3_35-77; PS122/3_35-92; PS122/3_36-115; PS122/3_36-17; PS122/3_36-19; PS122/3_36-59; PS122/3_36-81; PS122/3_36-83; PS122/3_36-85; PS122/3_37-116; PS122/3_37-14; PS122/3_37-15; PS122/3_37-45; PS122/3_37-46; PS122/3_37-88; PS122/3_38-100; PS122/3_38-31; PS122/3_38-5; PS122/3_38-54; PS122/3_38-55; PS122/3_38-69; PS122/3_39-16; PS122/3_39-51; PS122/3_39-52; PS122/3_39-54; PS122/3_39-69; PS122/3_39-70; PS122/3_39-82; PS122/3_99-87; Quality flag, attenuation; Quality flag, chlorophyll; Quality flag, conductivity; Quality flag, conservative water temperature; Quality flag, density; Quality flag, fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; Quality flag, irradiance; Quality flag, oxygen; Quality flag, rhodamine; Quality flag, salinity; Quality flag, surface irradiance; Quality flag, water temperature; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Radiation, photosynthetically active, surface; Rhodamine; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinity, absolute; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Temperature, water; Temperature, water, conservative; Temperature, water, potential; WAOW; Why is the deep Arctic Ocean Warming?
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1345775 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Physical oceanography based on ship CTD during POLARSTERN cruise PS122 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: This data set contains the hydrographic profile data collected with the ship based CTD rosette during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). The CTD is an SBE911plus with 24 bottles, 12 liters each, operated with a winch and crane on the side of Polarstern. The data set contains calibrated and quality-controlled parameters (temperature, conductivity, oxygen and their derived variables) as well as only pre-cruise calibrated parameters where no post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied (all other). CDOM fluorescence data are the exception. Quality control was performed but data have to be handled with care, as the sensor seems to have broken down during leg 3 such that no post-cruise calibration could be applied. The data are provided as text file (all cruise legs in one file) as well as in netCDF format (one file per cruise leg). The accuracy for salinity and conductivity is 0.004 while the accuracy for temperature is 0.002. Additional information on the sensor used for the final data set, the water depth as well as the availability of profile or bottle data is given in a separate info-text-file. Contact: Sandra.Tippenhauer@awi.de. Quality flags are given based on paragraph 6. "Quality flags" from https://www.seadatanet.org/content/download/596/file/SeaDataNet_QC_procedures_V2_%28May_2010%29.pdf. QC flag meanings: 0 = unknown, 1 = good_data, 2 = probably good_data, 3 = probably bad data, 4 = bad data set to nan. This work was carried out and data was produced as part of the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) with the tag MOSAiC20192020. We thank all persons involved in the expedition of the Research Vessel Polarstern during MOSAiC in 2019-2020 (AWI_PS122_00) as listed in Nixdorf et al. (2021).
    Keywords: Advective Pathways of nutrients and key Ecological substances in the ARctic; APEAR; Arctic Ocean; Attenuation, optical beam transmission; AWI_PhyOce; Chlorophyll a; Conductivity; CTD; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus, measured with Temperature sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE3plus; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to Bittig et al. (2018); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; Calculation according to McDougall and Barker (2011); CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Conductivity sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 4; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Dissolved oxygen sensor, Sea-Bird, SBE 43; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, Turner Designs, Cyclops-6k 2160-000-R; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Fluorometer, WET Labs, ECO FLRTD; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with PAR sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCP2300-HP; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with SPAR Sensor, Biospherical Instruments Inc., QCR2200; CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE 911plus; measured with Transmissometer, WET Labs, C-Star; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; Density, potential anomaly; DEPTH, water; Event label; Fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; HAVOC; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAIC_PO; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC expedition; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Oxygen; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen saturation; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; Pressure, water; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-41; PS122/1_10-44; PS122/1_10-60; PS122/1_10-64; PS122/1_2-68; PS122/1_6-58; PS122/1_6-79; PS122/1_6-81; PS122/1_7-47; PS122/1_7-49; PS122/1_7-80; PS122/1_8-43; PS122/1_8-46; PS122/1_8-71; PS122/1_8-98; PS122/1_9-50; PS122/1_9-61; PS122/1_9-67; PS122/1_9-87; PS122/2; PS122/2_16-21; PS122/2_16-34; PS122/2_17-39; PS122/2_17-41; PS122/2_17-64; PS122/2_17-68; PS122/2_18-32; PS122/2_18-34; PS122/2_18-57; PS122/2_18-74; PS122/2_19-55; PS122/2_19-56; PS122/2_19-76; PS122/2_19-77; PS122/2_20-45; PS122/2_20-46; PS122/2_20-71; PS122/2_20-73; PS122/2_21-64; PS122/2_21-65; PS122/2_22-42; PS122/2_22-47; PS122/2_22-63; PS122/2_23-46; PS122/2_23-47; PS122/2_23-63; PS122/2_24-2; PS122/2_24-4; PS122/2_25-52; PS122/2_25-54; PS122/2_25-71; PS122/2_25-73; PS122/3; PS122/3_30-53; PS122/3_30-64; PS122/3_31-39; PS122/3_31-59; PS122/3_31-63; PS122/3_40-36; PS122/3_42-32; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-183; PS122/4_44-184; PS122/4_44-187; PS122/4_44-202; PS122/4_44-67; PS122/4_44-76; PS122/4_45-100; PS122/4_45-101; PS122/4_45-106; PS122/4_45-121; PS122/4_45-3; PS122/4_45-31; PS122/4_45-48; PS122/4_45-53; PS122/4_45-72; PS122/4_45-73; PS122/4_45-74; PS122/4_45-75; PS122/4_45-76; PS122/4_45-77; PS122/4_45-78; PS122/4_45-79; PS122/4_45-80; PS122/4_45-81; PS122/4_45-82; PS122/4_45-83; PS122/4_45-84; PS122/4_45-85; PS122/4_45-88; PS122/4_45-9; PS122/4_45-94; PS122/4_45-95; PS122/4_45-96; PS122/4_45-97; PS122/4_45-98; PS122/4_45-99; PS122/4_46-15; PS122/4_46-2; PS122/4_46-35; PS122/4_46-56; PS122/4_46-60; PS122/4_46-83; PS122/4_46-87; PS122/4_46-91; PS122/4_47-108; PS122/4_47-52; PS122/4_47-60; PS122/4_48-121; PS122/4_48-15; PS122/4_48-155; PS122/4_48-159; PS122/4_48-29; PS122/4_48-56; PS122/4_48-60; PS122/4_48-62; PS122/4_48-96; PS122/4_49-10; PS122/4_49-14; PS122/4_49-2; PS122/4_49-25; PS122/4_49-36; PS122/4_49-5; PS122/4_50-21; PS122/4_50-52; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-138; PS122/5_59-149; PS122/5_59-272; PS122/5_59-274; PS122/5_59-305; PS122/5_59-306; PS122/5_59-357; PS122/5_59-363; PS122/5_59-62; PS122/5_59-72; PS122/5_60-67; PS122/5_60-69; PS122/5_60-89; PS122/5_61-128; PS122/5_61-159; PS122/5_61-161; PS122/5_61-189; PS122/5_61-211; PS122/5_62-38; PS122/5_62-4; PS122/5_62-66; PS122/5_62-88; PS122/5_62-91; PS122/5_63-100; PS122/5_63-110; PS122/5_63-111; PS122/5_63-35; PS122/5_63-53; Quality flag, attenuation; Quality flag, chlorophyll; Quality flag, conductivity; Quality flag, conservative water temperature; Quality flag, density; Quality flag, fluorescence, colored dissolved organic matter; Quality flag, irradiance; Quality flag, oxygen; Quality flag, rhodamine; Quality flag, salinity; Quality flag, surface irradiance; Quality flag, water temperature; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Radiation, photosynthetically active, surface; Rhodamine; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinity, absolute; Seadatanet flag: Data quality control procedures according to SeaDataNet (2010); Temperature, water; Temperature, water, conservative; Temperature, water, potential; WAOW; Why is the deep Arctic Ocean Warming?
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6733924 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    First-year sea-ice salinity, temperature, density, oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition from the main coring site (MCS-FYI) during MOSAiC legs 1 to 4 in 2019/2020 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: First-year sea-ice thickness, draft, salinity, temperature, and density were measured during near-weekly surveys at the main first-year ice coring site (MCS-FYI) during the MOSAiC expedition (legs 1 to 4). The ice cores were extracted either with a 9-cm (Mark II) or 7.25-cm (Mark III) internal diameter ice corers (Kovacs Enterprise, US). This data set includes data from 23 coring site visits and were performed from 28 October 2019 to 29 July 2020 at coring locations within 130 m to each other in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. During each coring event, ice temperature was measured in situ from a separate temperature core, using Testo 720 thermometers in drill holes with a length of half-core-diameter at 5-cm vertical resolution. Ice bulk practical salinity was measured from melted core sections at 5-cm resolution using a YSI 30 conductivity meter. Ice density was measured using the hydrostatic weighing method (Pustogvar and Kulyakhtin, 2016) from a density core in the freezer laboratory onboard Polarstern at the temperature of –15°C. Relative volumes of brine and gas were estimated from ice salinity, temperature and density using Cox and Weeks (1983) for cold ice and Leppäranta and Manninen (1988) for ice warmer than –2°C. The data contains the event label (1), time (2), and global coordinates (3,4) of each coring measurement and sample IDs (13, 15). Each salinity core has its manually measured ice thickness (5), ice draft (6), core length (7), and mean snow height (22). Each core section has the total length of its top (8) and bottom (9) measured in situ, as well estimated depth of section top (10), bottom (11), and middle (12). The depth estimates assume that the total length of all core sections is equal to the measured ice thickness. Each core section has the value of its practical salinity (14), isotopic values (16, 17, 18) (Meyer et al., 2000), as well as sea ice temperature (19) and ice density (20) interpolated to the depth of salinity measurements. The global coordinates of coring sites were measured directly. When it was not possible, coordinates of the nearby temperature buoy 2019T66 were used. Ice mass balance buoy 2019T66 installation is described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.938134. Brine volume (21) fraction estimates are presented only for fraction values from 0 to 30%. Each core section also has comments (23) describing if the sample is from a false bottom, from rafted ice or has any other special characteristics. Macronutrients from the salinity core, and more isotope data will be published in a subsequent version of this data set.
    Keywords: Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Research Icebreaker Consortium: A strategy for meeting the needs for marine-based research in the Arctic; ARICE; Calculated; Comment; Core length; cores; DATE/TIME; density; Density, ice; Depth, adjusted; Depth, adjusted bottom; Depth, adjusted top; Depth, ice/snow, bottom/maximum; Depth, ice/snow, top/minimum; Deuterium excess; Ecological monitoring; Event label; HAVOC; Hydrostatic weighing; IC; Ice corer; ICEGAUGE; Ice thickness gauge; Isotopic liquid water analyzer; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC_ICE; MOSAiC20192020; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Physical properties; Polarstern; PS122/1; PS122/1_10-19; PS122/1_5-3; PS122/1_6-34; PS122/1_7-6; PS122/1_7-97; PS122/1_8-2; PS122/1_9-6; PS122/1_9-93; PS122/2; PS122/2_17-3; PS122/2_19-7; PS122/2_21-13; PS122/2_23-3; PS122/2_24-8; PS122/3; PS122/3_32-63; PS122/3_35-11; PS122/3_36-21; PS122/3_38-24; PS122/3_39-7; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-134; PS122/4_46-18; PS122/4_47-16; PS122/4_48-23; PS122/4_49-34; Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean; Salinity; Salinometer, inductive; Sample ID; Sea ice; Sea ice draft; Sea ice salinity; Sea ice thickness; Snow height; Tape measure; Temperature; Temperature, ice/snow; Thermometer; time-series; Volume, brine; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 7847 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Dissolved nutrients data from the PS122 MOSAiC Expedition carried out at the AWI Nutrient Facility (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Samples for the analysis of dissolved nutrients were collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) from the water column, sea ice cores and from special events/locations (e.g., leads, melt ponds, brine, incubation experiments). Samples for dissolved inorganic nutrients (NO3 +NO2 , NO2 , PO4 , Si(OH)4, NH4 ) were analysed onboard during PS122 legs 1 to 3, with duplicate samples collected from CTD casts for later analysis of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP). From leg 4, all samples collected were stored frozen at -20°C for later analysis. Analyses of stored samples were carried out at the AWI Nutrient Facility between January and March 2021. Nutrient analyses onboard and on land were carried out using a Seal Analytical AA3 continuous flow autoanalyser, controlled by the AACE software version 7.09. Best practice procedures for the measurement of nutrients were adopted following GO-SHIP recommendations (Hydes et al., 2010; Becker et al., 2019). Descriptions of sample collection and handling can be found in the various cruise reports (Haas & Rabe, 2023; Kanzow & Damm, 2023; Rex & Metfies, 2023; Rex & Nicolaus, 2023; Rex & Shupe, 2023). Here we provide data from the water column, obtained from the analysis of discrete samples collected from CTD-Rosette casts from Polarstern (https://sensor.awi.de/?site=search&q=vessel:polarstern:ctd_sbe9plus_321) and Ocean City (https://sensor.awi.de/?site=search&q=vessel:polarstern:ctd_sbe9plus_935). Data from sea ice cores and special events are presented elsewhere. Data from sea ice cores and special events are presented elsewhere. For reference, here we included data from CTD-BTL files associated with nutrient samples. These data are presented by Tippenhauer et al. (2023) Polarstern CTD and Tippenhauer et al. (2023) Ocean City CTD.
    Keywords: Ammonium; Ammonium, standard deviation; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Ocean Nutrient Data; Bottle number; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; ELEVATION; Event label; Gear; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MOSAiC; MOSAiC_ECO; MOSAiC20192020; MOSAiC Nutrient Data; Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrate and Nitrite, standard deviation; Nitrite; Nitrite, standard deviation; Nitrogen, total dissolved; Nitrogen, total dissolved, standard deviation; Phosphate; Phosphate, standard deviation; Phosphorus, total dissolved; Phosphorus, total dissolved, standard deviation; Polarstern; Pressure, water; PS122/2; PS122/2_23-63; PS122/3; PS122/3_29-8; PS122/3_30-9; PS122/3_35-92; PS122/3_36-115; PS122/3_37-15; PS122/3_39-82; PS122/3_40-36; PS122/3_42-32; PS122/4; PS122/4_44-184; PS122/4_44-67; PS122/4_45-100; PS122/4_45-3; PS122/4_45-31; PS122/4_45-75; PS122/4_45-79; PS122/4_45-82; PS122/4_45-85; PS122/4_45-9; PS122/4_45-96; PS122/4_46-2; PS122/4_46-35; PS122/4_46-60; PS122/4_46-83; PS122/4_46-87; PS122/4_46-91; PS122/4_47-108; PS122/4_47-60; PS122/4_48-15; PS122/4_48-155; PS122/4_48-62; PS122/4_48-96; PS122/4_49-14; PS122/4_49-2; PS122/4_49-25; PS122/4_50-21; PS122/5; PS122/5_59-149; PS122/5_59-274; PS122/5_59-306; PS122/5_59-357; PS122/5_59-363; PS122/5_59-62; PS122/5_59-72; PS122/5_60-69; PS122/5_60-89; PS122/5_61-161; PS122/5_61-189; PS122/5_61-211; PS122/5_62-38; PS122/5_62-66; PS122/5_62-91; PS122/5_63-111; PS122/5_63-35; PS122/5_63-53; Quality flag, ammonium; Quality flag, nitrate and nitrite; Quality flag, nitrite; Quality flag, nitrogen, total dissolved; Quality flag, phosphate; Quality flag, phosphorus, total dissolved; Quality flag, salinity; Quality flag, silicon; Quality flag, water temperature; Salinity; Seawater Nutrients; Silicon; Silicon, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Water Column Nutrient Data
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 31223 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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