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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Keywords: Atmospheric science. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (1761 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783030521714
    Series Statement: Springer Handbooks Series
    DDC: 551.510287
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- About the Editor -- About the Authors -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- List of Symbols -- Part A Basics of Atmospheric Measurement Techniques -- 1 Introduction to Atmospheric Measurements -- 1.1 Measuring Meteorological Elements -- 1.2 History -- 1.3 The Structure of the Atmosphere -- 1.4 Devices, Systems, and Typical Specifications -- 1.5 Applications -- 1.6 Future Developments -- 1.7 Further Reading -- References -- 2 Principles of Measurements -- 2.1 Basics of Measurements -- 2.2 History -- 2.3 Errors in Measurement -- 2.4 Regression Analysis -- 2.5 Time Domain and Frequency Domain for Signals and Systems -- 2.6 Dynamics of Measuring Systems -- 2.7 Analog and Digital Signal Processing -- 2.8 Hardware for Digital Measurement Systems -- 2.9 Further Reading -- References -- 3 Quality Assurance and Control -- 3.1 Principles and Definition -- 3.2 History -- 3.3 Elements of Quality Management -- 3.4 Application -- 3.5 Future Developments -- 3.6 Further Reading -- References -- 4 Standardization in Atmospheric Measurements -- 4.1 Background and Definitions -- 4.2 History -- 4.3 Principles and Procedures -- 4.4 Standardization in the Field of Atmospheric Measurements -- 4.5 Future Developments -- 4.6 Further Reading -- References -- 5 Physical Quantities -- 5.1 Selection of Parameters -- 5.2 History and Thermodynamic Standards -- 5.3 Units and Constants -- 5.4 Parameters of Air, Water Vapor, Water, and Ice -- 5.5 Parameterization of Optical Properties of Clouds -- 5.6 Absorption Coefficients for Water Vapor, Ozone, and Carbon Dioxide -- 5.7 Parameters of Soil -- 5.8 Time and Astronomical Quantities -- 5.9 Tables in Other Chapters -- 5.10 Future Developments -- 5.11 Further Reading -- References -- Part B In situ Measurement Techniques -- 6 Ground-Based Platforms -- 6.1 Principles of Platforms -- 6.2 History. , 6.3 Theory -- 6.4 Platforms and Sensor Installations -- 6.5 Specification -- 6.6 Quality Control and Safety -- 6.7 Maintenance -- 6.8 Applications -- 6.9 Future Developments -- 6.10 Further Readings -- References -- 7 Temperature Sensors -- 7.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 7.2 History -- 7.3 Theory -- 7.4 Devices and Systems -- 7.5 Specifications -- 7.6 Quality Control -- 7.7 Maintenance -- 7.8 Applications -- 7.9 Future Developments -- 7.10 Further Reading -- References -- 8 Humidity Sensors -- 8.1 Measurement Principlesand Parameters -- 8.2 History -- 8.3 Theory -- 8.4 Devices and Systems -- 8.5 Specifications -- 8.6 Quality Control -- 8.7 Maintenance -- 8.8 Application -- 8.9 Future Developments -- 8.10 Further Readings -- References -- 9 Wind Sensors -- 9.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 9.2 History -- 9.3 Theory -- 9.4 Devices and Systems -- 9.5 Specifications -- 9.6 Quality Control -- 9.7 Maintenance -- 9.8 Application -- 9.9 Future Developments -- 9.10 Further Reading -- References -- 10 Pressure Sensors -- 10.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 10.2 History -- 10.3 Theory -- 10.4 Devices and Systems -- 10.5 Specifications -- 10.6 Quality Control -- 10.7 Maintenance -- 10.8 Application -- 10.9 Future Developments -- 10.10 Further Reading -- References -- 11 Radiation Sensors -- 11.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 11.2 History -- 11.3 Theory -- 11.4 Devices and Systems -- 11.5 Specifications -- 11.6 Quality Control -- 11.7 Maintenance -- 11.8 Applications -- 11.9 Future Developments -- 11.10 Further Reading -- References -- 12 In-situ Precipitation Measurements -- 12.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 12.2 History -- 12.3 Theory -- 12.4 Devices and Systems -- 12.5 Specifications -- 12.6 Quality Control, Uncertainty, and Calibration -- 12.7 Maintenance -- 12.8 Application -- 12.9 Future Developments. , 12.10 Further Reading -- References -- 13 Visibility Sensors -- 13.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 13.2 History -- 13.3 Theory -- 13.4 Devices and Systems -- 13.5 Specifications -- 13.6 Quality Control -- 13.7 Maintenance -- 13.8 Application -- 13.9 Future Developments -- 13.10 Further Reading -- References -- 14 Electricity Measurements -- 14.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 14.2 History -- 14.3 Theory -- 14.4 Devices and Systems -- 14.5 Specifications -- 14.6 Quality Control -- 14.7 Maintenance -- 14.8 Applications -- 14.9 Future Developments -- 14.10 Further Reading -- References -- 15 Radioactivity Sensors -- 15.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 15.2 History -- 15.3 Theory -- 15.4 Devices and Systems -- 15.5 Specifications -- 15.6 Quality Control -- 15.7 Maintenance -- 15.8 Application -- 15.9 Future Developments -- 15.10 Further Reading -- References -- 16 Gas Analysers and Laser Techniques -- 16.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 16.2 History -- 16.3 Theory -- 16.4 Devices and Systems -- 16.5 Specifications -- 16.6 Quality Control -- 16.7 Maintenance -- 16.8 Applications -- 16.9 Future Developments -- 16.10 Further Reading -- References -- 17 Measurement of Stable Isotopes in Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and Water Vapor -- 17.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 17.2 History of Stable Isotope Measurements in Atmospheric CO2, CH4 and H2O -- 17.3 Theory -- 17.4 Devices and Systems -- 17.5 Specifications -- 17.6 Quality Control -- 17.7 Maintenance -- 17.8 Application -- 17.9 Future Developments -- 17.10 Further Readings -- References -- 18 Measurement of Fundamental Aerosol Physical Properties -- 18.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 18.2 History -- 18.3 Theory -- 18.4 Devices and Systems -- 18.5 Specifications -- 18.6 Quality Control -- 18.7 Maintenance -- 18.8 Application. , 18.9 Future Developments -- 18.10 Further Reading -- References -- 19 Methods of Sampling Trace Substances in Air -- 19.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 19.2 History -- 19.3 Theory -- 19.4 Devices and Systems -- 19.5 Specifications -- 19.6 Quality Control -- 19.7 Maintenance -- 19.8 Application -- 19.9 Future Developments -- 19.10 Further Reading -- References -- 20 Optical Fiber-Based Distributed Sensing Methods -- 20.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 20.2 History -- 20.3 Theory -- 20.4 Devices -- 20.5 Specifications -- 20.6 Quality Control -- 20.7 Maintenance -- 20.8 Applications -- 20.9 Future Developments -- 20.10 Further Reading -- References -- 21 Odor Measurements -- 21.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 21.2 History -- 21.3 Theory -- 21.4 Devices and Systems -- 21.5 Specifications -- 21.6 Quality Control -- 21.7 Maintenance -- 21.8 Application -- 21.9 Future Developments -- 21.10 Further Readings -- References -- 22 Visual Observations -- 22.1 Principles of Visual Observations -- 22.2 History -- 22.3 Theory -- 22.4 Observed Parameters -- 22.5 Quality Control -- 22.6 Application- -- 22.7 Future Developments -- 22.8 Further Readings -- References -- Part C Remote-Sensing Techniques (Ground-Based) -- 23 Sodar and RASS -- 23.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 23.2 History -- 23.3 Theory -- 23.4 Devices and Systems -- 23.5 Specifications -- 23.6 Quality Control -- 23.7 Maintenance -- 23.8 Applications -- 23.9 Future Developments -- 23.10 Further Reading -- References -- 24 Backscatter Lidar for Aerosol and Cloud Profiling -- 24.1 Measurement Prinziples and Parameters -- 24.2 History -- 24.3 Theory -- 24.4 Devices and Systems -- 24.5 Specifications -- 24.6 Quality Control -- 24.7 Maintenance -- 24.8 Applications -- 24.9 Further Reading -- References -- 25 Raman Lidar for Water-Vapor and Temperature Profiling. , 25.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 25.2 History -- 25.3 Theory -- 25.4 Devices and Systems -- 25.5 Specifications -- 25.6 Quality Control -- 25.7 Maintenance -- 25.8 Applications -- 25.9 Future Developments -- 25.10 Further Reading-2 -- References -- 26 Water Vapor Differential Absorption Lidar -- 26.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 26.2 History -- 26.3 Theory -- 26.4 Devices and Systems -- 26.5 Specifications -- 26.6 Quality Control -- 26.7 Maintenance -- 26.8 Applications -- 26.9 Future Developments -- 26.10 Further Readings -- References -- 27 Doppler Wind Lidar -- 27.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 27.2 History -- 27.3 Theory -- 27.4 Devices and Systems -- 27.5 Specifications -- 27.6 Quality Control -- 27.7 Maintenance -- 27.8 Applications -- 27.9 Future Developments -- 27.10 Further Readings -- References -- 28 Spectrometers -- 28.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 28.2 History -- 28.3 Theory -- 28.4 Devices and Systems -- 28.5 Specifications -- 28.6 Quality Control -- 28.7 Maintenance -- 28.8 Applications -- 28.9 Future Developments -- 28.10 Further Readings -- References -- 29 Passive Solar and Microwave Spectral Radiometers -- 29.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 29.2 History -- 29.3 Theory -- 29.4 Devices and Systems -- 29.5 Specifications -- 29.6 Quality Control -- 29.7 Maintenance -- 29.8 Application -- 29.9 Future Developments -- 29.10 Further Readings -- References -- 30 Weather Radar -- 30.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 30.2 History -- 30.3 Theory -- 30.4 Radar Systems -- 30.5 Specifications -- 30.6 Quality Control -- 30.7 Maintenance -- 30.8 Applications -- 30.9 Future Developments -- 30.10 Further Reading -- References -- 31 Radar Wind Profiler -- 31.1 Measurement Principles and Parameters -- 31.2 History -- 31.3 Theory -- 31.4 Systems -- 31.5 Specifications. , 31.6 Quality Control.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Atmospheric science. ; Climatology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: General Basics -- Chapter 2: Basic Equations of Atmospheric Turbulence -- Chapter 3: Specifics of the Near-Surface Turbulence -- Chapter 4: Experimental Methods for Estimating the Fluxes of Energy and Matter -- Chapter 5: Modelling of the Energy and Matter Exchange -- Chapter 6: Measurement Technique -- Chapter 7: Microclimatology -- Chapter 8: Applied Meteorology. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XXI, 410 p. 121 illus., 6 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 3rd ed. 2024.
    ISBN: 9783031475269
    Series Statement: Springer Atmospheric Sciences
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
    Keywords: Physical geography ; Meteorology ; Geography ; Weights and measures ; Climatic changes ; Ecology ; Messtechnik ; Meteorologie ; Mikroklimatologie ; Angewandte Meteorologie ; Mikrometeorologie
    Description / Table of Contents: Gegenstand dieses Buches sind die atmosphärischen Vorgänge im unmittelbaren Lebensraum des Menschen, also in den unteren 100-1000 Metern der Atmosphäre und in Gebieten mit nur einigen Kilometern Ausdehnung. Die zweite Auflage wurde an die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre angepasst und teilweise durch neuere Forschungsergebnisse erweitert. Damit bietet das Buch Grundlagen insbesondere für angewandte meteorologische Fachgebiete wie Biometeorologie, Agrarmeteorologie, Hydrometeorologie, Umweltmeteorologie und technische Meteorologie sowie für die Biogeochemie mit ausgewählten Beispielen aus diesen Gebieten. Ein wichtiger Schwerpunkt sind dabei die Transportprozesse und Stoffflüsse zwischen Atmosphäre und Erdoberfläche, wobei bewachsene und heterogene Unterlagen eine besondere Beachtung finden. Der Autor behandelt die Teilgebiete Theorie, Messtechnik, experimentelle Verfahren und Modellierung so, dass sie jeweils auch eigenständig für Lehre, Forschung und Praxis genutzt werden können.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Zweite, überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage
    ISBN: 9783540382041
    DDC: 550
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: German
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  • 4
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Festschrift ; Klimatologie ; Meereskunde
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 272 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt
    ISBN: 3000110437
    Language: German , English
    Note: Beitr. teilw. engl., teilw. dt
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  • 5
    Keywords: Angewandte Meteorologie ; Mikrometeorologie ; Angewandte Meteorologie ; Mikrometeorologie
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XVII, 289 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Tab , 24 cm
    ISBN: 3540003223
    DDC: 31
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturverz. S. [255] - 277
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Keywords: Atmospheric sciences. ; Meteorology. ; Air pollution. ; Remote sensing. ; Physical measurements. ; Measurement . ; Ecosystems. ; Atmosphäre ; Meteorologische Beobachtung ; Messgerät ; Messung ; Fernerkundung ; In situ ; Meteorologie ; Wetter ; Wettervorhersage ; Sensor ; Methode
    Description / Table of Contents: Basics of Atmospheric Measurement Techniques -- In-situ Measurement Techniques -- Remote Sensing Techniques (Ground-Based) -- Remote Sensing Techniques (Space- and Aircraft-Based) -- Complex Measurements - Methods and Applications -- Measurements Networks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(LVIII, 1748 p. 752 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030521714
    Series Statement: Springer Handbooks
    Language: English
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: The exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the atmosphere and a forest after disturbance by wind throw in the western Russian taiga was investigated between July and October 1998 using the eddy covariance technique. The research area was a regenerating forest (400 m × 1000 m), in which all trees of the preceding generation were uplifted during a storm in 1996. All deadwood had remained on site after the storm and had not been extracted for commercial purposes. Because of the heterogeneity of the terrain, several micrometeorological quality tests were applied. In addition to the eddy covariance measurements, carbon pools of decaying wood in a chronosequence of three different wind throw areas were analysed and the decay rate of coarse woody debris was derived.During daytime, the average CO2 uptake flux was −3 µmol m−2s−1, whereas during night-time characterised by a well-mixed atmosphere the rates of release were typically about 6 µmol m−2s−1. Suppression of turbulent fluxes was only observed under conditions with very low friction velocity (u* ≤ 0.08 ms−1). On average, 164 mmol CO2 m−2d−1 was released from the wind throw to the atmosphere, giving a total of 14.9 mol CO2 m−2 (180 g CO2 m−2) released during the 3-month study period.The chronosequence of dead woody debris on three different wind throw areas suggested exponential decay with a decay coefficient of −0.04 yr−1. From the magnitude of the carbon pools and the decay rate, it is estimated that the decomposition of coarse woody debris accounted for about a third of the total ecosystem respiration at the measurement site. Hence, coarse woody debris had a long-term influence on the net ecosystem exchange of this wind throw area.From the analysis performed in this work, a conclusion is drawn that it is necessary to include into flux networks the ecosystems that are subject to natural disturbances and that have been widely omitted into considerations of the global carbon budget. The half-life time of about 17 years for deadwood in the wind throw suggests a fairly long storage of carbon in the ecosystem, and indicates a very different long-term carbon budget for naturally disturbed vs. commercially managed forests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 32 (1988), S. 318-328 
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In the present paper the first results of the international “KOPEX-86“ experiment are presented. The experiment took place at the Kopisty Atmospheric Observatory of the Institute of Physics of the Atmosphere in Prague as part of a special project of the Commission of the Academy of Sciences in Planetary Geophysics (KAPG) in June and July 1986. Using 4 ultrasonic anemometers at 4 levels up to 80 m, Doppler-SODAR and wind-, temperature- and radiation balance gradients from 2 to 80 m, a complex investigation of the atmospheric boundary layer in an industrial area was made. The authors present the first results of the anthropogenic influence on the energy exchange in the atmospheric boundary layer. the influence of a complex terrain on the turbulent characteristics and their vertical distribution.
    Notes: Резюме Сообщaюmся nервые резульmamы меж¶rt;унaро¶rt;ного эксnерuменma „КОПЭКС-86“. Эксnерuменm nрово¶rt;uлся в mеченuе uюня u uюля 1986г. нa коnuсmскоŭ меmеорологuческоŭ обсервamорuu Инсmumуma фuзuкu amмосферы АН ЧССР в рaмкaх nроекma КАПГ. Прu nомощu 4 aкусmuческuх aнемомеmров нa 4 высоmaх ¶rt;о 80 м, ¶rt;оnnлеровского со¶rt;aрa u uзмеренuŭгрa¶rt;uенmов скоросmu веmрa, mемnерamуры u рa¶rt;uaцuu в слое с 2 ¶rt;о 80 м nрово¶rt;uлuсь комnлексные uссле¶rt;овaнuя nогрaнuяного слоя amмосферы. Абmоры nре¶rt;лaгaюm nервые резульmamы, кaсaющuеся uссле¶rt;овaнuŭ aнmроnогенных воз¶rt;еŭсmвuŭ нa знергеmuческuŭ обмен в nогрaннчном слое amмосферы, влuянuŭ nересеченноŭ месmрносmu нa хaрaкmерuсmuкu mурбуленmрносmu u нa uх верmuкaльное рaсnре¶rt;еленuе.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: The differences between one classical and three state-of-the-art formulations of the mass density of humid air were quantified. Here, we present both the calculi for direct determination of the humid-air mass density employing the virial form of the thermodynamic equation of state, and a sufficiently accurate look-up-table for the quick-look determination of the humid-air mass density, which is based on the advanced Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010.
    Description: Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V. (3489)
    Keywords: ddc:551.5 ; Mass density ; Humid air ; Real-gas effects ; TEOS-10
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-04-13
    Description: An eddy-covariance system was installed in a young Maritime Pine plantation in Central Portugal immediately after a wildfire that occurred on 13 August 2017, and has been monitoring CO2 fluxes from the 43th post-fire day onwards. The data set comprises the daily sums of the 30-min NEE, Reco and GPP fluxes, with 90 % of the NEE fluxes having been computed directly from the measurements and the Reco and GPP fluxes have been estimated based on the Lloyd-Taylor and Michaelis-Menten functions.
    Keywords: BIO; Biology; carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide assimilation rate; CentPortugal_pine; DATE/TIME; Eddy-covariance; eddy-covariance system; estimated based on the Lloyd-Taylor and Michaelis-Menten functions; Mediterranean woodland; Net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide; ORDINAL NUMBER; Pinus pinaster Ait.; Portugal; Respiration rate, carbon dioxide; wildfire
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1110 data points
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