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  • 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues  (5)
  • 05.01. Computational geophysics
  • 2020-2023  (6)
  • 2015-2019  (1)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-12-05
    Description: Early-warning assessment of a volcanic unrest requires that accurate information from monitoring is continuously gathered before volcanic activity starts. Seismic data are an optimal source of such information, overcoming safety problems due to dangerous conditions for field surveys or cloud cover that may hinder visibility. We designed a multi-station warning system based on the classification of patterns of the background seismic radiation, so-called volcanic tremor, by using Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) and fuzzy clustering. The classifier automatically detects patterns that are typical footprints of volcanic unrest. The issuance of the SOM colors on DEM allows their geographical visualization according to the stations of detection; this spatial location makes it possible to infer areas potentially impacted by eruptive phenomena. Tested at Mt. Etna (Italy), the classifier forecasted in hindsight patterns associated with fast-rising magma (typical of lava fountains) as well as a relatively long lead time of the outburst (lava flows from eruptive fractures). Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves gave an Area Under the Curve (AUC) ∼0.8 indicative of a good detection accuracy that cannot be achieved from a mere random choice.
    Description: This work was supported by the MED-SUV project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Program for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 308665.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 6506
    Description: 4V. Processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Etna, Volcanic tremor ; Volcano Monitoring, Pattern recognition ; Self organizing map, Fuzzy clustering ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.01. Computational geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-01-11
    Description: Immersive virtual reality can potentially open up interesting geological sites to students, academics and others who may not have had the opportunity to visit such sites previously. We study how users perceive the usefulness of an immersive virtual reality approach applied to Earth Sciences teaching and communication. During nine immersive virtual reality-based events held in 2018 and 2019 in various locations (Vienna in Austria, Milan and Catania in Italy, Santorini in Greece), a large number of visitors had the opportunity to navigate, in immersive mode, across geological landscapes reconstructed by cutting-edge, unmanned aerial system-based photogrammetry techniques. The reconstructed virtual geological environments are specifically chosen virtual geosites, from Santorini (Greece), the North Volcanic Zone (Iceland), and Mt. Etna (Italy). Following the user experiences, we collected 459 questionnaires, with a large spread in participant age and cultural background. We find that the majority of respondents would be willing to repeat the immersive virtual reality experience, and importantly, most of the students and Earth Science academics who took part in the navigation confirmed the usefulness of this approach for geo-education purposes.
    Description: This research has been provided in the framework of the following projects: (i) the MIUR project ACPR15T4_00098–Argo3D (http://argo3d.unimib.it/ (accessed on 26 November 2021)); (ii) 3DTeLC Erasmus + Project 2017-1-UK01-KA203-036719 (http://www.3dtelc.com (accessed on 26 November 2021)); (iii) EGU 2018 Public Engagement Grant (https://www.egu.eu/outreach/peg/ (accessed on 26 November 2021)). Agisoft Metashape is acknowledged for photogrammetric data processing. This article is also an outcome of Project MIUR–Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022. Finally, this paper is an outcome of the Virtual Reality lab for Earth Sciences—GeoVires lab (https://geovires.unimib.it/ (accessed on 26 November 2021)). The work supports UNESCO IGCP 692 ‘Geoheritage for Resilience’.
    Description: Published
    Description: 9
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: immersive virtual reality ; geology; ; photogrammetry; ; education; ; Iceland; ; Santorini ; Etna ; 04.04. Geology ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-09-15
    Description: Innovations in virtual reality (VR) technology have led to exciting possibilities in teaching earth sciences, allowing students to experience complex geological sites that, due to cost and logistical reasons, they would not normally be able to experience. The need for high quality online digital learning resources and blended learning was brought to the forefront during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, as courses with a traditional physical field work component were forced to move online and provide alternatives to students. While it is unlikely that virtual field trips (VFT) would be accepted by students as a replacement of real-world fieldwork moving out of the pandemic, research shows promise that using IVR experiences can lead to enhanced learning outcomes in geosciences, warranting its inclusion on the curricula. This paper presents the outputs of a project to improve student learning in complex geological environments using VR. Here we outline a workflow that was developed to collect high resolution imagery using remote sensing to create digital outcrop models (DOM) of complex geological sites. Using this framework, this paper will then explore the use of VR for an investigation of the Husavik Triple Junction, a complex structural site in northern Iceland, explaining how the drone data was converted to a 3D DOM and demonstrating how VR can be used to simulate real world field mapping. Finally, we describe how these IVR activities have been integrated into taught modules at postgraduate level and discuss how the use of IVR experiences can complement existing geoscience curriculum design.
    Description: Erasmus+ Key Action 2 funded project 2017-1-UK01-KA203-036719 3DTeLC-Bringing the 3Dworld into the classroom: a new approach to Teaching, Learning and Communicating the science of geohazards in terrestrial and marine environments coordinated by M. Whitworth. (https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/erasmus-plus/projects/eplus-projectdetails/#project/2017-1-UK01-KA203-036719and http://www.3dtelc.com) and the MIUR Project ACPR15T4_00098–Argo3D, coordinated by A. Tibaldi (http://argo3d.unimib.it/).
    Description: Published
    Description: 104681
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Virtual reality ; Geosciences ; Teaching ; Fieldwork ; Structural geology ; Digital outcrop model ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.04. Geology ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-10-28
    Description: The impact of volcanic activity may have substantial economic implications, affecting societal aspects at varying degree. For example, tourism can benefit from excursions in volcanic regions with mild activity (e.g., Strombolian explosions); on the other hand, air traffic can be easily disrupted by ash emission even without climactic eruptions (e.g., during a lava fountain). To minimize exposure to volcanic hazard, volcano observatories worldwide offer multimedia information also able to convey fast communication on on-going eruptive events; these digital resources have been changing the actual relationships between scientists and citizens: i) creating a two-way communication that can significantly enhance awareness and preparedness, and ii) limiting the effect of fake news. Scientists disseminate scientifically validated information, while citizens can contribute by using new tools (custom APPs, web forms) generating a huge amount of data. In this scenario, the contribution of tools based on Augmented and Virtual Reality can simplify and enrich the process of collection of information, which is especially – but not exclusively – enjoyed by the Native Digital generation. New communication strategies have been developed, and are one of the main topics of the 3DTeLC project (Bringing the 3D-world into the classroom: a new approach to Teaching, Learning and Communicating the science of geohazards in terrestrial and marine environments; Project Reference: 2017-1-UK01-KA203- 036719). In the framework of the 3DTeLC project, we present examples of custom developed tools, promoting the exploitation of these new techniques for so-called “citizen science”, with a particular focus on volcanic hazard communication concerning Mt. Etna (Italy).
    Description: This work was designed within the project 3DTeLC, which was a three-year trans-European project funded by the Erasmus+ Key Action 2 programme: “Cooperation for Innovation and Exchange of Good Practices, a European scheme that fosters higher education partnerships” (https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/key-action-2; Project reference: 2017-1-UK01-KA203-036719).
    Description: Published
    Description: Heraklion, Crete
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Keywords: Virtual Reality ; Augmented Reality ; communication ; volcanic hazard ; volcanic risk ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.02. Data dissemination ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.08. Risk ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-10-28
    Description: How to improve understanding of natural hazards is a major challenge for the research community. The multiple aspects of the hazard, from earthquakes to volcanic eruptions, landslides and coastal erosion, require new methods not only for data acquisition, but also for data processing and consequent management. In this respect, emergent tools, such as augmented and virtual reality, offer great versatility and effectiveness. Also, gaining insight into natural hazards with these tools can help communication to the general public as well as teaching to the digital native generation, particularly accustomed to these techniques for playing video games. In this presentation we describe our outreach activity by using augmented reality to help understand hazardous events, increasing preparedness and resilience.
    Description: This work was designed within the project 3DTeLC, which was a three-year trans-European project funded by the Erasmus+ Key Action 2 programme: “Cooperation for Innovation and Exchange of Good Practices, a European scheme that fosters higher education partnerships” (https://www.erasmusplus.org.uk/key-action-2; Project reference: 2017-1-UK01-KA203-036719).
    Description: Published
    Description: Catania (Italy)
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Keywords: Virtual Reality ; Augmented Reality ; tectonophysics ; volcanic hazard ; education ; communication ; natural hazards ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-10-28
    Description: From the 2010s on, pattern classification has proven an effective method for flagging alerts of volcano unrest before eruptive activity at Mt. Etna, Italy. The analysis has been applied online to volcanic tremor data, and has supported the surveillance activity of the volcano that provides timely information to Civil Protection and other authorities. However, after declaring an alert, no one knows how long the volcano unrest will last and if a climactic eruptive activity will actually begin. These are critical aspects when considering the effects of a prolonged state of alert. An example of longstanding unrest is related to the Christmas Eve eruption in 2018, which was heralded by several months of almost continuous Strombolian activity. Here, we discuss the usage of thresholds to detect conditions leading to paroxysmal activity, and the challenges associated with defining such thresholds, leveraging a dataset of 52 episodes of lava fountains occurring in 2021. We were able to identify conservative settings regarding the thresholds, allowing for an early warning of impending paroxysm in almost all cases (circa 85% for the first 4 months in 2021, and over 90% for the whole year). The chosen thresholds also proved useful to predict that a paroxysmal activity was about to end. Such information provides reliable numbers for volcanologists for their assessments, based on visual information, which may not be available in bad weather or cloudy conditions.
    Description: Project IMPACT (A multidisciplinary Insight on the kinematics and dynamics of Magmatic Processes at Mt. Etna Aimed at identifying preCursor phenomena and developing early warning sysTems). IMPACT belongs to the Progetti Dipartimentali INGV [DIP7], https://progetti.ingv.it/index.php/it/progetti-dipartimentali/vulcani/impact#informazioni-sul-progetto.
    Description: Published
    Description: 17895
    Description: 4V. Processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Volcanic tremor ; Volcano monitoring ; Pattern recognition ; Self Organizing maps ; Fuzzy clustering ; Mt. Etna ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.01. Computational geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-10-27
    Description: Field-based classes in geological sciences are crucial components of geoscience education and research. Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, such activities became problematic due to limitations such as travel restrictions and lockdown periods: this motivated the geoeducational community to tailor new ways to engage people in field activities. As a result, we adopted Immersive Virtual Reality as a tool to involve students, academics, and the lay public in field exploration, thus making geological exploration accessible also to people affected by permanent or temporary motor disabilities. In particular, we evaluated how users perceive the usefulness of this approach as applied to Earth Science learning and teaching, through nine outreach events, where a total of 459 participants were involved, with different ages and cultural backgrounds. The participants explored, in an immersive mode, four geological landscapes, defined as virtual geological environments, which have been reconstructed by cutting-edge, unmanned aerial system-based photogrammetry techniques. They include: Santorini (Greece), the North Volcanic Zone (Iceland), and Mt. Etna (Italy). After the exploration, each participant filled in an anonymous questionnaire. The results show that the majority would be willing to repeat the experience, and, most importantly, the majority of the students and Earth Science academics who took part in the navigation confirmed the usefulness of this technique for geo-education purposes. Our approach can be considered as a groundbreaking tool and an innovative democratic way to access information and experiences, as well as to promote inclusivity and accessibility in geo-education, while reducing travel costs, saving time, and decreasing the carbon footprint. This work has been carried out in the framework of the following projects: i) ACPR15T4_ 00098 “Agreement between the University of Milan Bicocca and the Cometa Consortium for the experimentation of cutting-edge interactive technologies for the improvement of science teaching and dissemination” of Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (ARGO3D - https://argo3d.unimib.it/); ii) Erasmus+ Key Action 2 2017-1-UK01-KA203- 036719 “3DTeLC – Bringing the 3D-world into the classroom: a new approach to Teaching, Learning and Communicating the science of geohazards in terrestrial and marine environments” (http://3dtelc.lmv.uca.fr/; https://www.3dtelc.com/); iii) 2018 EGU Public Engagement Grants (https://www.egu.eu/outreach/peg/).
    Description: This work has been carried out in the framework of the following projects: i) ACPR15T4_ 00098 “Agreement between the University of Milan Bicocca and the Cometa Consortium for the experimentation of cutting-edge interactive technologies for the improvement of science teaching and dissemination” of Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (ARGO3D - https://argo3d.unimib.it/); ii) Erasmus+ Key Action 2 2017-1-UK01-KA203- 036719 “3DTeLC – Bringing the 3D-world into the classroom: a new approach to Teaching, Learning and Communicating the science of geohazards in terrestrial and marine environments” (http://3dtelc.lmv.uca.fr/; https://www.3dtelc.com/); iii) 2018 EGU Public Engagement Grants (https://www.egu.eu/outreach/peg/).
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna (Austria)
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Keywords: Virtual Reality ; geology ; tectonophysics ; education ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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