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  • Springer  (16)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Heart Association (AHA)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2010-2014
  • 1975-1979  (16)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1915-1919
  • 1978  (7)
  • 1977  (9)
Document type
Publisher
  • Springer  (16)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Heart Association (AHA)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUC)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • +
Years
  • 2010-2014
  • 1975-1979  (16)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1915-1919
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 19 (1978), S. 556-563 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although a transitory maternal zinc deficiency has been shown to result in an increased cadmium-induced fetotoxicity, the results of the present investigation indicated that a maternal zinc deficiency apparently did not affect the placental transfer of cadmium. However, a zinc deficiency did alter the maternal distribution of cadmium. The increased cadmium fetotoxicity associated with a maternal zinc deficiency may be caused by a maternal alteration rather than a direct effect on the fetus. Further study is necessary prior to any definitive statement concerning the effects of a maternal zinc deficiency on cadmium. fetotoxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 19 (1978), S. 206-214 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This investigation has shown that not only the extent of fetal resorption and malformation but also the types of malformation seen in rats depend upon the strain used and day of gestation. Furthermore, the effects of zinc deficiency and cadmium administration on the fetus can be at least additive, as was seen for malformations. For fetal resorption, zinc deficiency potentiated the action of cadmium.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 6 (1977), S. 63-68 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The research was undertaken to analyze the uptake and distribution of cadmium-109 in mice following repeated injections and to observe how the simultaneous administrations of zinc affected the cadmium retention. Mice were given one, two, or three intravenous administrations at 48-hr intervals. Animals were sacrificed 2 min to 48 hr after each injection. Zinc had little effect on the retention of cadmium in the samples analyzed, and injections behaved independently of each other.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Altern ; Renin ; Aldosteron ; Cortisol ; Katecholamine ; Austauschbares Natrium ; Blutvolumen ; Aging ; Plasma renin ; Plasma aldosterone ; Plasma cortisol ; Urinary catecholamines ; Blood volume ; Exchangeable sodium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Interrelations between age and plasma renin, aldosterone and cortisol levels, urinary catecholamines, plasma and blood volumes, exchangeable body sodium and blood pressure were studied in 28 young (19 to 29 years), 16 middle-aged (32 to 58 years) and 15 elderly (60 to 74 years) healthy subjects. Supine and upright plasma renin and supine aldosterone levels decreased while urinary noradrenaline excretion rate increased progressively with aging (r≥0.34;p〈0.05), with significant differences in mean values between young and elderly subjects (p〈0.02). There was also an age-related decrease in upright plasma aldosterone concentration, although this was not statistically significant. Furthermore, mean plasma cortisol concentrations increased in response to upright posture in elderly (+50%;p〈0.02), but not in young (−10%) or middle-aged (−8%) subjects. Blood pressure correlated with age (r=0.35;p〈0.05) or noradrenaline excretion rate (r=0.34) in the entire study population and with blood volume in the elderly (r=0.68), but not in the young or middle-aged study groups. There were no significant age-related differences in the body sodium/volume state, basal plasma cortisol levels or urinary adrenaline excretion rate, and plasma renin or aldosterone levels did not correlate with these parameters or with blood pressure. It is concluded that the influence of age on plasma renin or aldosterone levels, plasma cortisol responsiveness to upright posture, and urinary noradrenaline excretion should be taken into consideration, whenever these factors have to be interpreted in patients with arterial hypertension or other clinical disorders. Furthermore, these data are consistent with the possibility that in normal man increases in supine blood pressure with aging may be related at least partly to concomitant changes in free peripheral noradrenaline.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen bei 28 jungen (19–29 Jahre), 16 mittel-alten (32–58 Jahre) und 15 älteren (60–74 Jahre) Normalpersonen zeigten eine mit zunehmendem Alter progressive Abnahme der Plasmareninaktivität und -aldosteronkonzentration sowie eine Zunahme der Noradrenalinexkretionsrate. Mit Ausnahme der im Stehen gemessen Plasmaaldosteronspiegel waren die Korrelationen dieser Parameter mit dem Alter (r≥0,34;p〈0.05) sowie die Unterschiede der Mittelwerte zwischen jungen und älteren Personen (p〈0,02) signifikant. Die Plasmacortisolkonzentration blieb beim Aufstehen bei jungen und mittel-alten Personen im Mittel unverändert (−10 und −8%), stieg jedoch bei älteren Menschen um 50% an (p〈0,02). Der Blutdruck korrelierte (p〈0,05) bei Analyse der gesamten Studienpopulation mit dem Alter (r=0,35) und der Noradrenalinexkretionsrate (r=0,34), bei den älteren Personen fand sich auch eine signifikante Beziehung zum Blutvolumen (r=0,68). Austauschbares Körpernatrium, Plasma- und Blutvolumina und Adrenalinexkretionsrate zeigten keine signifikanten altersbezogenen Variationen. Plasmarenin- und -aldosteronspiegel korrelierten weder mit diesen letzteren Parametern noch mit dem Blutdruck. Es wird gefolgert, daß der Einfluß des Alters auf Plasmarenin- und -aldosteronwerte, das freie periphere Noradrenalin und die Stimulierbarkeit von Plasmacortisol durch Orthostase in Betracht gezogen werden sollte, wenn immer diese Faktoren bei Patienten mit arterieller Hypertonie oder anderen klinischen Störungen interpretiert werden müssen. Diese Resultate sind außerdem mit der Möglichkeit vereinbar, daß die altersbezogene Zunahme des Liegendblutdrucks beim normalen Menschen zumindest teilweise auf dem parallelen Anstieg des freien peripheren Noradrenalins beruhen könnte.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renovaskuläre Hypertonie ; Renin ; Perkutane transluminale Dilatation ; Isotopennephrogramm ; Renovascular hypertension ; Renin ; Percutaneous transluminal dilatation ; Radionephrogram
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Percutaneous transluminal dilatation of a left sided renal artery stenosis was performed in a 61 year old patient with hypertension. Biochemical and hemodynamic activity of the renal artery stenosis was demonstrated by measurement of renal venous renin-activity and determination of renal plasma flow and of pre- and poststenotic blood pressure values. Shortly after the dilatation procedure hypertension disappeared and renal plasma flow increased. The described procedure might be an alternative method to renal vascular surgery.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei einem 61jährigen Patienten mit renovasculärer Hypertonie bei linksseitiger arteriosklerotischer Nierenarterienstenose wurde eine perkutane transluminale Dilatation der Stenose vorgenommen. Die biochemische und hämodynamische Aktivität der Nierenarterienstenose wurde durch Messung der Plasmareninaktivität im Nierenvenenblut, Bestimmung des renalen Plasmaflusses und der prä- und poststenotischen Blutdruckwerte in der Nierenarterie belegt. Kurz nach der Dilatation der Stenose normalisierte sich der Blutdruck, und es kam zu einem Anstieg des renalen Plasmaflusses. Weitere Untersuchungen werden zeigen, ob die beschriebene Methode eine Alternative zur operativen Korrektur der Nierenarterienstenose bietet.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Essential hypertension ; Raised plasmaprolactin concentration ; Sodium excretion ; Antihypertensive effect of bromocriptine ; Essentielle Hypertension ; Erhöhte Plasma-Prolactin-Konzentration ; Natriumausscheidung ; Antihypertensiver Effekt von Bromocriptine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 19 männlichen Patienten mit essentieller Hypertonie und 8 normotensiven Probanden wurde die Plasma-Prolactin-Konzentration halbstündlich zwischen 22.00 und 6.00 Uhr bestimmt. Die hypertensiven Patienten wiesen signifikant höhere Plasma-Prolactin-Konzentrationen auf als die normotensiven Kontrollen. Patienten mit niedriger Plasma-Renin-Aktivität und nur geringgradig erhöhten Plasma-Prolactin-Konzentrationen hatten eine geringere Natriumausscheidung, aber eine stärkere 24 h-Natriurese nach Furosemid, als die Patienten mit normalem Renin und sehr hohen Plasma-Prolactinwerten. 6 Patienten wurden mit dem dopaminergen Agonisten Bromocriptine über einen Zeitraum von 3–6 Wochen behandelt. Es kam in 5 Fällen zu einer signifikanten Senkung des systolischen und diastolischen Blutdrucks, bei 2 Patienten zu einer Blutdrucknormalisierung. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, daß der beschriebenen Natrium- und Wasser-retinierenden Wirkung von Prolactin für die Aufrechterhaltung einer chronischen Blutdrucksteigerung wahrscheinlich keine entscheidende Bedeutung zukommt. Es ist denkbar, daß die erhöhte Plasma-Prolactin-Konzentration bei den hypertensiven Patienten einen Index für eine veränderte zentralnervöse Funktion darstellt, die durch eine verminderte hypothalamische dopaminerge Aktivität charakterisiert ist. Die blutdrucksenkende Wirkung des dopaminergen Agonisten Bromocriptine könnte darauf hinweisen, daß eine Abnahme des dopaminergen Tonus im Hypothalamus einen Faktor in der Pathogenese der essentiellen Hypertension darstellt.
    Notes: Summary Serial measurements of plasma-prolactin concentration (HPr) and plasma-renin activity (PRA) at 30-min intervals were made in 19 male patients with essential hypertension and in 8 normotensive subjects. HPr was markedly higher in the hypertensive patients than in the normotensive controls. Patients with reduced plasma-renin activity and only slightly elevated HPr-levels showed lower urinary sodium excretion, but a more pronounced 24-h natriuretic response to i.v. furosemide than patients with normal renin and very high HPr-levels. Six patients were treated with the dopaminergic agonist bromocriptine. The drug induced a significant blood pressure reduction in five patients and normalised pressure in two patients. The data do not indicate a role for prolactin in sustaining hypertension via renal salt retaining mechanisms. It is suggested that the raised HPr-levels represent an index of altered central nervous function, characterized by reduced hypothalamic activity. The blood pressure-lowering effect of the dopaminergic agonist bromocriptine fits with the hypothesis that reduced hypothalamic dopaminergic activity might be a factor in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 229-234 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Aldosteron ; Renin ; Cortisol ; Diabetes mellitus ; Hypoaldosteronismus ; Hyperkaliämie ; Aldosterone ; Renin ; Cortisol ; Diabetes ; Hypoaldosteronism ; Hyperkalemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In three patients with diabetes and hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism changes in renin activity, plasma aldosterone and cortisol were examined under various conditions: orthostasis and intravenous furosemide, infusion of synthetic β1–24 ACTH on two consecutive days and diurnal variations in basal hormone fluctuations. Each patient showed unmeasurably low renin activity unresponsive to orthostasis and intravenous furosemide while plasma aldosterone was below normal range. Under ACTH-infusion only marked increases in aldosterone were observed in one patient whereas cortisol responded normally in all diabetics tested. Analysis of diurnal night day fluctuations (20.00–8.00) in plasma aldosterone and cortisol revealed a close and statistically significant relationship between both hormones in each of the three patients (p〈0.05–〈0.001). Variations in plasma aldosterone thus were mediated through changes in endogenous pituitary ACTH. Compared with normal controls however, diurnal aldosterone curves were set at a lower level. Our results demonstrate that a reduced sensitivity of the adrenal gland to ACTH is not responsible for the observed subnormal plasma aldosterone levels in these patients. Therefore, the lack of circulating angiotensin II seems to be the causative reason of hypoaldosteronism. The exact mechanism of undetectable renin activity in these patients remains unknown.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei drei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus und hyporeninämischem Hypoaldosteronismus wurden Veränderungen der Plasmareninaktivität, des Plasmaaldosteron- und Plasmacortisolspiegels unter folgenden Bedingungen geprüft: Orthostase und intravenöse Furosemidapplikation, Infusion von synthetischem β1–24 ACTH an zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen, Tag-Nacht-Rhythmus der basalen Hormonplasmaspiegel. Alle Patienten zeigten eine nicht meßbare und durch Orthostase und Furosemid nicht stimulierbare Reninaktivität. Gleichzeitig wurden subnormale Aldosteronplasmakonzentrationen gemessen. Unter ACTH-Infusion zeigte nur ein Patient einen deutlichen Anstieg des Plasmaaldosterons, während das Plasmacortisol in allen drei Fällen normal stimulierbar war. Die statistische Analyse der Tag-Nacht-Schwankungen von Plasmaaldosteron und Plasmacortisol zeigte in jedem der Fälle eine enge und statistisch signifikante Beziehung zwischen beiden Hormonen (p〈0,05–〈0,001). Es ist somit anzunehmen, daß Schwankungen des Plasmaaldosterons durch Veränderungen der hypophysären ACTH-Ausschüttung verursacht wurden. Jedoch war im Vergleich zu Normalpersonen die Rhythmik des basalen Plasmaaldosterons auf einem tieferen Niveau eingestellt. Unsere Ergebnisse lassen den Schluß zu, daß bei diesen Patienten nicht eine verminderte Sensitivität der Nebennierenrinde auf ACTH für die beobachteten subnormalen Aldosteronspiegel verantwortlich ist. Ursache für den Hypoaldosteronismus scheint somit der Mangel an zirkulierendem Angiotensin II zu sein. Der genaue Mechanismus der nicht meßbaren Reninaktivität bei diesem Patienten bleibt unbekannt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 371 (1977), S. 141-145 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Renal tubule ; Disaccharide reabsorption ; Maltase ; Brush border enzymes ; Microperfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal tubular reabsorption of maltose, sucose and lactose were studied in vivo et situ by continuous microperfusion of single proximal convolutions of rat kidney. The14C-label of maltose (2.5 mmol/l) was removed from the lumen of the proximal tubule at about the same rate as found for glucose. Maltose reabsorption was completely inhibited in presence of 30 mmol/l glucose or of 0.1 mmol/l phlorizin. Chemical analysis of the samples showed a complete conversion of maltose into glucose within a perfusion distance of 2 mm. It is concluded from these results that within the tubular lumen maltose is split very rapidly by a brush border glucosidase. The short half time of this process permits the breakdown product glucose to be almost completely reabsorbed subsequently within the proximal tubule. In contrast, sucrose and lactose were neither split nor reabsorbed by the tubule brush border.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Amino acid transport ; Renal tubule ; Stereospecificity ; Passive diffusion ; Saturation kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal tubular reabsorption of glycine and of thel- andd-isomers of histidine, serine, phenylalamine, methionine, proline and cystine was investigated in vivo et situ by continuous microperfusion of single proximal convolutions of the rat kidney. In the case of glycine and thel-isomers, tubular reabsorption is saturable to a great extent. Thed-amino acids are reabsorbed much more slowly than the respectivel-forms. Furthermore in the case of methionine and perhaps also of proline, serine and phenylalanine, the fractional reabsorption decreases in the presence of high concentrations of thel-form. This indicates that thed-isomers also have a measurable affinity for the reabsorption mechanisms of the renal tubule. The very poor reabsorption ofd-amino acids in the presence of theirl-isomers indicates that simple passive diffusion plays only a relatively small role in tubular amino acid reabsorption. Permeability coefficients estimated from these findings are in the range from 1–5×10−7 cm2·s−1. These values are very similar to those found for other organic molecules of comparable molecular weights.
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