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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How update schemes influence crowd simulations
    IOP Publishing ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment Vol. 2014, No. 7 ( 2014-07-02), p. P07002-
    Details
    In: Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, IOP Publishing, Vol. 2014, No. 7 ( 2014-07-02), p. P07002-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1742-5468
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1742-5468/2014/07/P07002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2138944-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bidirectional coupling of macroscopic and microscopic pedestrian evacuation models
    Elsevier BV ; 2012
    In:  Safety Science Vol. 50, No. 8 ( 2012-10), p. 1695-1703
    Details
    In: Safety Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 50, No. 8 ( 2012-10), p. 1695-1703
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0925-7535
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2011.12.021
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021100-4
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  • 3
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    Sensitivity Analysis for Microscopic Crowd Simulation
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Algorithms Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 2020-07-05), p. 162-
    Details
    In: Algorithms, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 7 ( 2020-07-05), p. 162-
    Abstract: Microscopic crowd simulation can help to enhance the safety of pedestrians in situations that range from museum visits to music festivals. To obtain a useful prediction, the input parameters must be chosen carefully. In many cases, a lack of knowledge or limited measurement accuracy add uncertainty to the input. In addition, for meaningful parameter studies, we first need to identify the most influential parameters of our parametric computer models. The field of uncertainty quantification offers standardized and fully automatized methods that we believe to be beneficial for pedestrian dynamics. In addition, many methods come at a comparatively low cost, even for computationally expensive problems. This allows for their application to larger scenarios. We aim to identify and adapt fitting methods to microscopic crowd simulation in order to explore their potential in pedestrian dynamics. In this work, we first perform a variance-based sensitivity analysis using Sobol’ indices and then crosscheck the results by a derivative-based measure, the activity scores. We apply both methods to a typical scenario in crowd simulation, a bottleneck. Because constrictions can lead to high crowd densities and delays in evacuations, several experiments and simulation studies have been conducted for this setting. We show qualitative agreement between the results of both methods. Additionally, we identify a one-dimensional subspace in the input parameter space and discuss its impact on the simulation. Moreover, we analyze and interpret the sensitivity indices with respect to the bottleneck scenario.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1999-4893
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/a13070162
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2455149-1
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  • 4
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    Guiding crowds when facing limited compliance: Simulating strategies
    Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2022
    In:  PLOS ONE Vol. 17, No. 11 ( 2022-11-11), p. e0276229-
    Details
    In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 11 ( 2022-11-11), p. e0276229-
    Abstract: At traffic hubs, it is important to avoid congestion of pedestrian streams to ensure safety and a good level of service. This presents a challenge, since distributing crowds on different routes is much more difficult than opening valves to, for example, regulate fluid flow. Humans may or may not comply with re-directions suggested to them typically with the help of signage, loudspeakers, apps, or by staff. This remains true, even if they perceive and understand the suggestions. Yet, simulation studies so far have neglected the influence of compliance. In view of this, we complement a state-of-the-art model of crowd motion and crowd behavior, so that we can vary the compliance rate. We consider an abstracted scenario that is inspired by a metro station in the city of Munich, where traffic regulators wish to make some passengers abandon the obviously shortest route so that the flow evens out. We investigate the effect of compliance for two very simple guiding strategies. In the first strategy, we alternate routes. In the second strategy, we recommend the path with the lowest crowd density. We observe that, in both cases, it suffices to reroute a small fraction of the crowd to reduce travel times. But we also find that taking densities into account is much more efficient when facing low compliance rates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-6203
    URL: Article
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    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276229
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276229.g001
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    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276229.t001
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    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276229.s003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018
    Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek ; 2020
    In:  Collective Dynamics Vol. 5 ( 2020-03-12)
    Details
    In: Collective Dynamics, Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek, Vol. 5 ( 2020-03-12)
    Abstract: The International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics is carried out biennially by scientists interested in pedestrian and evacuation movement.The field of pedestrian movement and evacuation dynamics is an interdisciplinary discipline. The modelling of evacuation and pedestrian dynamics has evolved from calculations based entirely on physical processes e.g. granular flow, to simulation that now begins to include psycho-social processes accouting for limited decision-making and group behaviour. Given projected demographic changes, the diversity of the evacuees and pedestrians populations and their capacity to achieve objectives has become increasingly important. Accessibility and egressibility, and the relationship between them, has therefore moved to the fore. This is further complicated as a building is used according to a number of management concerns as safety, security and operations, that are employed under different scenarios -emergency and non-emergency. The need for analysis to assess the effectiveness of management procedures is therefore significant and expanding. Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics welcomes contributions of physicists, mathematicians, engineers as well as psychologists and sociologists with an interest in the description of small and large groups as well as individual pedestrians and evacuees.   The PED conference focuses on the modelling of people movement during emergency and non-emergency scenarios. This modelling may range from enhancing our understanding such movement, the development of conceptual models, to the quantitative assessment of such movement, the development of engineering or computational tools. The applications of interest range from small domestic settings to the movement of thousands of people. The research objectives and applications may vary; however, the common intention is to aid in our understanding and/or assessment of pedestrian movement under emergency or non-emergency scenarios.PED is a therefore a conference, with a focus on the development of models that describe pedestrian and evacuee dynamics and the various  activities that support this development: data collection, model development, model application in novel areas, using new techniques and the employment of the results gained in innovative ways.Citation:Please cite the full conference proceedings as follows:Dederichs, A., Köster, G., Schadschneider, A.; Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018, Collective Dynamics, A26, 1-442 (2020). DOI 10.17815/CD.2020.26Single articles inside the proceedings should be cited as:Authors; Title.In: Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018, Collective Dynamics, pages (2020)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2366-8539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.17815/CD.2020.26
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2854776-7
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  • 6
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    Social Distancing with the Optimal Steps Model
    Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek ; 2021
    In:  Collective Dynamics Vol. 6 ( 2021-12-17)
    Details
    In: Collective Dynamics, Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek, Vol. 6 ( 2021-12-17)
    Abstract: With the Covid-19 pandemic, an urgent need has arisen to simulate social distancing. The Optimal Steps Model (OSM) is a pedestrian locomotion model that operationalizes an individual's need for personal space. We present new parameter values for personal space in the OSM to simulate social distancing in the pedestrian dynamics simulator Vadere. Our approach is pragmatic. We consider two use cases: in the first, we demand that a set social distance must never be violated. In the second the social distance can be violated temporarily for less than 10s. For each use case we conduct simulation studies in a typical bottleneck scenario and measure contact times, that is, violations of the social distance rule.We conduct regression analysis to assess how the parameter choice depends on the desired social distance and the corridor width. We find that evacuation time increases linearly with the width of the repulsion potential, which is an analogy to physics modeling the strength of the need for personal space. The evacuation time decreases linearly with larger corridor width. The influence of the corridor width on the evacuation time is smaller than the influence of the range of the repulsion, that is, the need for personal space. If the repulsion is too strong, we observe clogging effects.  Our regression formulas enable Vadere users to conduct their own studies without understanding the intricacies of the OSM implementation and without extensive parameter adjustment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2366-8539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.17815/CD.2021.116
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2854776-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vadere: An Open-Source Simulation Framework to Promote Interdisciplinary Understanding
    Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek ; 2019
    In:  Collective Dynamics Vol. 4 ( 2019-09-03)
    Details
    In: Collective Dynamics, Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek, Vol. 4 ( 2019-09-03)
    Abstract: Pedestrian dynamics is an interdisciplinary field of research. Psychologists, sociologists, traffic engineers, physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists all strive to understand the dynamics of a moving crowd. In principle, computer simulations offer means to further this understanding. Yet, unlike for many classic dynamical systems in physics, there is no universally accepted locomotion model for crowd dynamics. On the contrary, a multitude of approaches, with very different characteristics, compete. Often only the experts in one special model type are able to assess the consequences these characteristics have on a simulation study. Therefore, scientists from all disciplines who wish to use simulations to analyze pedestrian dynamics need a tool to compare competing approaches. Developers, too, would profit from an easy way to get insight into an alternative modeling ansatz. Vadere meets this interdisciplinary demand by offering an open-source simulation framework that is lightweight in its approach and in its user interface while offering pre-implemented versions of the most widely spread models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2366-8539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.17815/CD.2019.21
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2854776-7
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Can we learn where people go?
    Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek ; 2020
    In:  Collective Dynamics Vol. 5 ( 2020-03-27)
    Details
    In: Collective Dynamics, Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek, Vol. 5 ( 2020-03-27)
    Abstract: In most agent-based simulators, pedestrians navigate from origins to destinations. Consequently, destinations are essential input parameters to the simulation. While many other relevant parameters as positions, speeds and densities can be obtained from sensors, like cameras, destinations cannot be observed directly. Our research question is: Can we obtain this information from video data using machine learning methods? We use density heatmaps, which indicate the pedestrian density within a given camera cutout, as input to predict the destination distributions. For our proof of concept, we train a Random Forest predictor on an exemplary data set generated with the Vadere microscopic simulator. The scenario is a crossroad where pedestrians can head left, straight or right. In addition, we gain first insights on suitable placement of the camera. The results motivate an in-depth analysis of the methodology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2366-8539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.17815/CD.2020.43
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Forschungszentrum Julich, Zentralbibliothek
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2854776-7
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  • 9
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    Analysis of information dissemination through direct communication in a moving crowd
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Safety Science Vol. 142 ( 2021-10), p. 105386-
    Details
    In: Safety Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 142 ( 2021-10), p. 105386-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0925-7535
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105386
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021100-4
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  • 10
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    Bridging the gap: From cellular automata to differential equation models for pedestrian dynamics
    Elsevier BV ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Computational Science Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2014-09), p. 841-846
    Details
    In: Journal of Computational Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 2014-09), p. 841-846
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1877-7503
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jocs.2014.06.005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2557360-3
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