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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A bifunctional transposon mini-Tn5gfp-km which can be used to select for promoter fusions and report gene expression levels in Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 179 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A mini-Tn5 transposon derivative, mini-Tn5gfp-km, has been constructed which contained a promoter-less artificial operon consisting of two open reading frames, green fluorescent protein (GFP) and neomycin phosphotransferase II (NptII). When this transposon was used to mutagenize Agrobacterium tumefaciens, all the mutants selected in the presence of kanamycin exhibited GFP expression, which could be conveniently monitored by a fluorometer. The transposon appeared to be bifunctional and could provide both selection and reporter functions. Even the mutants showing minimal levels of GFP expression were still resistant to kanamycin. This suggests that this transposon can be used to select for insertions downstream of both weak and strong promoters, as long as the insertions themselves are non-lethal. This system was used to identify A. tumefaciens genes that were upregulated in response to acidic pH. Screening only 20 colonies led to identification of two promoters that were specifically induced by low pH and one promoter that was specifically induced by acetosyringone in a minimal medium of pH 5.5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08704.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accelerated Structural Maturation Induced by Synapsin I at Developing Neuromuscular Synapses of Xenopus laevis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 7 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The role of synapsin I, a synaptic vesicle-associated phosphoprotein, in the maturation of nerve–muscle synapses was investigated in nerve–muscle co-cultures prepared from Xenopus embryos loaded with the protein by the early blastomere injection method. The stage of maturation of the synapses was analysed by electron microscopy as well as by whole-cell patch-clamp recording. The acceleration in the functional maturation of neuromuscular synapses induced by synapsin I was accompanied by a profound rearrangement in the ultrastructure of the nerve terminal. Nerve terminals formed by synapsin I-loaded neurons were characterized by a higher number of small synaptic vesicles organized in clusters and predominantly localized close to the nerve terminal plasma membrane, a smaller number of large dense-core vesicles and no significant change in the number of coated vesicles. Precocious development of active zone-like structures as well as deposition of basal lamina into the synaptic cleft were also observed at these synapses. These results support a role for synapsin I in the architectural changes which occur during synaptogenesis and lead to the maturation of quantal neurotransmitter release mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01062.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitric oxide mediates activity-dependent synaptic suppression at developing neuromuscular synapses (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 374 (1995), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Synaptic currents were monitored on single innervated myocytes by whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings in 1-day-old nerve-muscle cultures prepared from Xenopus embryos16. We first examined the effects of the NO donor, S-nitroso-7V-acetyl-penicilamine (SNAP)17, on spontaneous synaptic currents ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/374262a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of synaptic responses to high-frequency stimulation and LTP by neurotrophins in the hippocampus (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 381 (1996), S. 706-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) were elicited in hippocampal slices of different ages by stimulating two independent Schaffer-commissural afferents converging on the same CA1 neurons12. Similar to previous observations8"10, the magnitude and longevity of theta-burst stimulation ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/381706a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent progress in studies of neurotrophic factors and their clinical implications (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 75 (1997), S. 637-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ; trk receptor ; Long-term potentiation ; Glia-derived neurotrophic factor ; c-ret tyrosine kinase ; Dopaminergic neurons ; Kidney organogenesis ; Enteric nervous system ; Gene knockout ; Hirschsprung’s disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Neurotrophic factors are endogenous soluble proteins that regulate long-term survival and differentiation of neurons of the peripheral and central nervous systems. These factors play an important role in the structural integrity of the nervous system, and therefore are good candidates as therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases. However, recent studies have revealed some unexpected, novel roles of neurotrophic factors. Of particular significance is the discovery of the new functions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glia-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Physiological experiments indicate that BDNF may serve as regulatory factors for synaptic transmission as well as for learning and memory. Gene targeting studies demonstrate that GDNF may be essential for development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and kidney organogenesis. These results not only provide new insights into our understanding of the function of neurotrophic factors but may also have significant implications in the therapeutic usages of neurotrophic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050147
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