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  • 2005-2009  (13)
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  • 1
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    Unknown
    Fluid compositions and mineralogy of precipitates from Mid Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vents at 4°48'S (2009)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: The effect of volcanic activity on submarine hydrothermal systems has been well documented along fast- and intermediate-spreading centers but not from slow-spreading ridges. Indeed, volcanic eruptions are expected to be rare on slow-spreading axes. Here we report the presence of hydrothermal venting associated with extremely fresh lava flows at an elevated, apparently magmatically robust segment center on the slow-spreading southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 5°S. Three high-temperature vent fields have been recognized so far over a strike length of less than 2 km with two fields venting phase-separated, vapor-type fluids. Exit temperatures at one of the fields reach up to 407°C, at conditions of the critical point of seawater, the highest temperatures ever recorded from the seafloor. Fluid and vent field characteristics show a large variability between the vent fields, a variation that is not expected within such a limited area. We conclude from mineralogical investigations of hydrothermal precipitates that vent-fluid compositions have evolved recently from relatively oxidizing to more reducing conditions, a shift that could also be related to renewed magmatic activity in the area. Current high exit temperatures, reducing conditions, low silica contents, and high hydrogen contents in the fluids of two vent sites are consistent with a shallow magmatic source, probably related to a young volcanic eruption event nearby, in which basaltic magma is actively crystallizing. This is the first reported evidence for direct magmatic-hydrothermal interaction on a slow-spreading mid-ocean ridge.
    Keywords: DERIDGE; From Mantle to Ocean: Energy-, Material- and Life-cycles at Spreading Axes; M64/1; M64/1-114-ROV; M64/1-123-ROV; M64/1-124-GTV; M64/1-125-ROV; M64/1-130-ROV; M64/1-139-GTV; M64/1-141-ROV; M64/1-146-ROV; M68/1; M68/1-03-ROV; M68/1-07-ROV; M68/1-12-ROV; M68/1-20-ROV; MARSUED2; MARSUED3; Mephisto; Meteor (1986); Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 4-11°S; MULT; Multiple investigations; Remote operated vehicle; ROV; Shrimp_Farm; Sister_Peak; Tannenbaum; Television-Grab; TVG; Two_Boats
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    (Table 4) Major and trace element compositions of the calculated hydrothermal component in the residue fraction for sediment core POS240_343 (2005)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: Aluminium; Atlantic; Barium; BC; Box corer; BXC-05; Calcium; Cerium; Copper; Copper/Iron ratio; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Dysprosium; Erbium; Europium; FLAME 2; Gadolinium; Holmium; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Iron; Lanthanum; Lutetium; Magnesium; Manganese; Neodymium; Neodymium/Iron ratio; Neodymium/Strontium ratio; POS240; POS240_343; Poseidon; Praseodymium; Samarium; Strontium; Terbium; Thulium; Titanium; Ytterbium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 385 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    (Table 1) Geochemical composition of leach and residue fraction in sediment cores POS240_343 and POS240_316 (2006)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: AGE; Arsenic; Atlantic; BC; Box corer; BXC-02; BXC-05; Calcium; Calcium carbonate; Calculated; Cobalt; Copper; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Event label; FLAME 2; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Iron; Manganese; Molybdenum; Nickel; Phosphorus; POS240; POS240_316; POS240_343; Poseidon; Proportion; Thorium; Uranium; Vanadium; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 406 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    (Table 1) Major and trace element compositions of the leach fractions from sediment cores POS240_343 and POS240_316 (2005)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: Aluminium; Aluminium/(Aluminium+Iron+Manganese) ratio; Atlantic; Barium; BC; Box corer; BXC-02; BXC-05; Calcium; Calculated; Cerium; Cerium anomaly; Copper; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Dysprosium; Erbium; Europium; Europium anomaly; Event label; FLAME 2; Gadolinium; Holmium; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Iron; Iron/Aluminium ratio; Lanthanum; Lanthanum/Ytterbium ratio; Lutetium; Magnesium; Manganese; Neodymium; POS240; POS240_316; POS240_343; Poseidon; Praseodymium; Proportion; Ratio; Samarium; Silicon; Strontium; Terbium; Thulium; Titanium; Ytterbium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 792 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    (Table 2) Sr and Nd isotope record of leach and residue fraction in sediment cores POS240_343 and POS240_316 (2006)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: AGE; Atlantic; BC; Box corer; BXC-02; BXC-05; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Europium anomaly; Event label; FLAME 2; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Iron; Mass spectrometer VG Sector 54; Neodymium; Neodymium-143/Neodymium-144 ratio; Neodymium-143/Neodymium-144 ratio, error; POS240; POS240_316; POS240_343; Poseidon; Proportion; Strontium; Strontium-87/Strontium-86 ratio; Strontium-87/Strontium-86 ratio, error; ε-Neodymium, standard deviation; ε-Neodymium (0)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 312 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    (Table 2) Major and trace element compositions of the residue fractions from sediment cores POS240_343 and POS240_316 (2005)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: Aluminium; Aluminium/(Aluminium+Iron+Manganese) ratio; Atlantic; Barium; BC; Box corer; BXC-02; BXC-05; Calcium; Calculated; Cerium; Cerium anomaly; Copper; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Dysprosium; Erbium; Europium; Europium anomaly; Event label; FLAME 2; Gadolinium; Holmium; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Iron; Iron/Aluminium ratio; Lanthanum; Lanthanum/Ytterbium ratio; Lutetium; Magnesium; Manganese; Neodymium; POS240; POS240_316; POS240_343; Poseidon; Praseodymium; Proportion; Ratio; Samarium; Silicon; Strontium; Terbium; Thulium; Titanium; Ytterbium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 784 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    (Table 3) Major and trace element compositions of the calculated bulk sediments relative to the respective proportions of leach and residue fractions from sediment cores POS240_343 and POS240_316 (2006)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: Aluminium; Aluminium/(Aluminium+Iron+Manganese) ratio; Atlantic; Barium; BC; Box corer; BXC-02; BXC-05; Calcium; Calcium carbonate; Calculated; Cerium; Copper; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Dysprosium; Erbium; Europium; Event label; FLAME 2; Gadolinium; Holmium; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Iron; Lanthanum; Lutetium; Magnesium; Manganese; Neodymium; POS240; POS240_316; POS240_343; Poseidon; Praseodymium; Samarium; Strontium; Terbium; Thulium; Titanium; Ytterbium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 661 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Unknown
    Vailulu'u Seamount, Samoa : life and death on an active submarine volcano (2006)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © National Academy of Sciences, 2006. This article is posted here by permission of National Academy of Sciences for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 (2006): 6448-6453, doi:10.1073/pnas.0600830103.
    Description: Submersible exploration of the Samoan hotspot revealed a new, 300-m-tall, volcanic cone, named Nafanua, in the summit crater of Vailulu'u seamount. Nafanua grew from the 1,000-m-deep crater floor in 〈4 years and could reach the sea surface within decades. Vents fill Vailulu'u crater with a thick suspension of particulates and apparently toxic fluids that mix with seawater entering from the crater breaches. Low-temperature vents form Fe oxide chimneys in many locations and up to 1-m-thick layers of hydrothermal Fe floc on Nafanua. High-temperature (81°C) hydrothermal vents in the northern moat (945-m water depth) produce acidic fluids (pH 2.7) with rising droplets of (probably) liquid CO2. The Nafanua summit vent area is inhabited by a thriving population of eels (Dysommina rugosa) that feed on midwater shrimp probably concentrated by anticyclonic currents at the volcano summit and rim. The moat and crater floor around the new volcano are littered with dead metazoans that apparently died from exposure to hydrothermal emissions. Acid-tolerant polychaetes (Polynoidae) live in this environment, apparently feeding on bacteria from decaying fish carcasses. Vailulu'u is an unpredictable and very active underwater volcano presenting a potential long-term volcanic hazard. Although eels thrive in hydrothermal vents at the summit of Nafanua, venting elsewhere in the crater causes mass mortality. Paradoxically, the same anticyclonic currents that deliver food to the eels may also concentrate a wide variety of nektonic animals in a death trap of toxic hydrothermal fluids.
    Description: This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Oceans Exploration and the Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory–NOAA Undersea Research Program, the National Science Foundation, the Australian Research Council, and the SERPENT program.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: 5598800 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 9
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    Biodiversity and biogeography of hydrothermal vent species : thirty years of discovery and investigations (2009)
    Oceanography Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Oceanography Society, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Oceanography Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Oceanography 20, 1 (2007): 30-41.
    Description: The discovery of hydrothermal vents and the unique, often endemic fauna that inhabit them represents one of the most extraordinary scientific discoveries of the latter twentieth century. Not surprisingly, after just 30 years of study of these remarkable—and extremely remote—systems, advances in understanding the animals and microbial communities living around hydrothermal vents seem to occur with every fresh expedition to the seafloor. On average, two new species are described each month—a rate of discovery that has been sustained over the past 25–30 years. Furthermore, the physical, geological, and geochemical features of each part of the ridge system and its associated hydrothermal-vent structures appear to dictate which novel biological species can live where. Only 10 percent of the ridge system has been explored for hydrothermal activity to date (Baker and German, 2004), yet we find different diversity patterns in that small fraction. While it is well known that species composition varies along discrete segments of the global ridge system, this “biogeographic puzzle” has more pieces missing than pieces in place.
    Description: E. Ramirez-Llodra is supported by the ChEss-Census of Marine Life program (A.P. Sloan Foundation), which is kindly acknowledged. C.R. German also acknowledges support from ChEss- Census of Marine Life and further support from the Natural Environment Research Council (UK) and from the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). T. Shank acknowledges support from NSF, the US National Aeronautic and Space Administration Astrobiology Program, NOAA-Ocean Exploration, and the Deep-Ocean Exploration Institute at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Mid-ocean ridge exploration with an autonomous underwater vehicle (2009)
    Oceanography Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Oceanography Society, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of Oceanography Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Oceanography 20, 4 (2007): 52-61.
    Description: Human-occupied submersibles, towed vehicles, and tethered remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have traditionally been used to study the deep seafloor. In recent years, however, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) have begun to replace these other vehicles for mapping and survey missions. AUVs complement the capabilities of these pre-existing systems, offering superior mapping capabilities, improved logistics, and better utilization of the surface support vessel by allowing other tasks such as submersible operations, ROV work, CTD stations, or multibeam surveys to be performed while the AUV does its work. AUVs are particularly well suited to systematic preplanned surveys using sonars, in situ chemical sensors, and cameras in the rugged deep-sea terrain that has been the focus of numerous scientific expeditions (e.g., those to mid-ocean ridges and ocean margin settings). The Autonomous Benthic Explorer (ABE) is an example of an AUV that has been used for over 20 cruises sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office of Ocean Exploration (OE), and international and private sources. This paper summarizes NOAA OE-sponsored cruises made to date using ABE.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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