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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Kenntnis der antimikrobiellen Wirkung der Sorbinsäure (1964)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 51 (1964), S. 13-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00601725
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Wirkung antimikrobieller Stoffe in Kombination (1959)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 46 (1959), S. 431-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00599320
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiology of polyol formation by free and immobilized cells of the osmotolerant yeast Pichia farinosa (1991)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 35 (1991), S. 258-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Some physiological data of cells of Pichia farinosa immobilized on sintered glass Raschig rings were compared with data from free cells. Glucose consumption and productivity of total polyols (arabitol, glycerol and erythritol) showed a simultaneous “inter-lag” phase. Enzymes that catalyse steps of the pentosephosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, transaldolase and polyol dehydrogenase) showed a distinct increase after transfer of the cells into production medium. The activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was generally low. Only alcohol dehydrogenase presented the inter-lag phase mentioned above.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184698
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol by adsorptive immobilized Alcaligenes sp. A 7-2 in soil (1991)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 35 (1991), S. 662-668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Alcaligenes sp. A 7-2 immobilized on granular clay has been applied in a percolator to degrade 4-chlorophenol in sandy soil. Good adsorption rates on granular clay were achieved using cell suspensions with high titres and media at pH 8.0. The influence of various parameters such as aeration rate, pH, temperature, concentration of 4-chlorophenol and size of inoculum on the degradation rate were investigated. During fedbatch fermentations under optimal culture conditions, concentrations of 4-chlorophenol up to 160 mg·1−1 could be degraded. Semicontinuous culture experiments demonstrated that the degradation potential in soil could be well established and enhanced by the addition of immobilized bacteria. Continuous fermentation was performed with varying 4-chlorophenol concentrations in the feed and different input levels. The maximum degradation rate was 1.64 g·1−1·day−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169634
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection of bacteria against toxicity of phenol by immobilization in calcium alginate (1989)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 31 (1989), S. 383-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The antibacterial activity of phenol was determined by measuring inhibition of exponentially growing free and immobilized cells of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida and Staphylococcus aureus. Immobilization of microorganisms in calcium alginate beads reduced the growth inhibition caused by bacteriostatic concentrations of phenol. The increase in phenol tolerance occurred at different culture conditions and growth rates of the cells. The strength of the effect, however, was found to correlate with the formation of colonies in the gel matrix. Dissolution of gel beads led to a substantial loss of the protection against phenol of immobilized-grown cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257609
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and production of Δ9-cis-1,18-octadecenedioic acid by Candida tropicalis (1989)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 32 (1989), S. 371-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184991
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenol-induced membrane changes in free and immobilized Escherichia coli (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 33 (1990), S. 66-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Membranes of Escherichia coli cells grown in the presence of phenol were examined after isolation of the cytoplasmic and outer membrane fractions. Both membrane types showed reduced lipid-to-protein ratios compared to cells grown without phenol. Phenol-induced differences in the expression of individual proteins of the outer membrane, probably involved in the uptake of iron, were expressed in smaller quantities after phenol addition. Growth in the presence of phenol increased the respiratory activity of the cytoplasmic membrane, whereas the direct inhibition of O2 consumption by phenol was not affected by the presence of this compound in the growth medium. E. coli cells grown entrapped in calcium alginate showed low lipid-to-protein ratios even without phenol in the growth medium. Immobilization of cells also markedly changed the protein pattern of the outer membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170572
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation of dichloroacetic acid by entrapped and adsorptive immobilized Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 40 (1993), S. 158-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The degradation of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) by free, Ca-alginate entrapped and adsorptive immobilized cells of Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 has been studied in various experimental systems. Entrapped cells tolerated increasing concentrations of DCA better than free cells. Free and adsorptive immobilized cells degraded DCA most effectively at maximum O2 supply, 34°C and an initial pH value of 8.0. The degradation of high DCA concentrations led to a decrease in the pH value and to a stagnation of mineralization, particularly with free or entrapped cells. Due to the stabilization of pH, the supplementation of acetate or succinate resulted in a complete degradation of higher DCA concentrations. Higher degradation rates than in shake cultures were achieved in air-bubble and packed-bed fermentors. DCA was mineralized faster by free or entrapped X. autotrophicus GJ10 than by adsorptive immobilized cells, which, however, were able to remove higher DCA concentrations. The results of the recent investigations with immobilized X. autotrophicus GJ10 are an important prerequisite for the application of this bacterium in waste treatment systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170445
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradation of dichloroacetic acid by freely suspended and adsorptive immobilized Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 in soil (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 40 (1993), S. 165-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 was applied in a packed-bed fermentor to degrade dichloroacetic acid (DCA) in batch-, semicontinuous and continuous culture. Degradation has been studied with freely suspended and adsorptive immobilized cells. To imitate natural soil systems, the fermentor was filled with sand. Concentrations of up to 20 mm DCA were degraded completely. If higher initial concentrations were used, the decrease in pH value inhibited further growth and degradation. In continuous culture the fermentor was inoculated additionally with activated sludge. Over a period of 2 weeks the specialized strain could be retained and no decrease in metabolic activity was observed. A decrease in degradation of DCA was observed when succinate was added as a second substrate. The haloacid dehalogenase was found to be induced by DCA. Non-induced cells showed typical repression of catabolites and diauxic growth with succinate as co-substrate. The results demonstrate that X. autotrophicus GJ10 might be suitable for applications in biological waste treatment systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170446
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of fermentation properties and specific enzyme activities of free and calcium-alginate-entrapped Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 33 (1990), S. 54-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Physiological properties have been determined for calcium-alginate-entrapped Saccharomyces cerevisiae in comparison to cells in suspension under identical culture conditions. Cells grown in the form of microcolonies in the alginate beads showed faster glucose uptake and ethanol productivity with simultaneously decreased product and cell yields. Increased specific hexokinase and phosphofructokinase activities could be determined in these cells. Immobilized single cells showed only slightly enhanced glucose turnover and no higher specific hexokinase activity. The significant alterations in physiology are apparently connected with growth of the cells in aggregates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170570
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