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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High-Mountain Atmospheric Research : The Italian Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW Global Station (2165 M A. S. L. ). (2017)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Details
    Keywords: Atmosphere--Research. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (140 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783319611273
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Meteorology Series
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=4915761
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Contents -- The "O. Vittori" Observatory at Mt. Cimone: A "Lighthouse" for the Mediterranean Troposphere -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Presentation of the Measurement Site -- 3 History -- 4 The Infrastructure -- 4.1 Laboratories and Facilities -- 4.2 Open Access to Data -- 5 Educational Activities -- 6 Future Perspectives -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Radiatively Active Ozone Depleting Substances -- 1.2 Radiatively Active Kyoto Gases -- 2 Experimental and Methodologies -- 2.1 High Frequency Analysis -- 2.2 Baseline and Trend Evaluation -- 2.3 Emission Allocation and Quantification on a European Scale -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Ozone Depleting and Radiatively Active Gases -- 3.2 Radiatively Active Kyoto Gases -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Investigation of Atmospheric Reactive Gases at Mt. Cimone -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Surface Ozone (O3) -- 2.2 Carbon Monoxide (CO) -- 2.3 Nitrogen Oxides (NO and NO2) -- 2.4 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) -- 2.5 Non-methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOCs) -- 2.6 Columnar NO2 -- 3 Overview of Variability: Typical Values and Seasonality -- 4 Use of CMN Observations in Science Studies -- 4.1 Investigation of Vertical Air Mass Transport Processes -- 4.2 Biomass Burning Emissions -- 4.3 Impact of Mineral Dust Transport to Surface O3 -- 4.4 Deep Stratospheric Intrusions -- 4.5 Transport of Anthropogenic Pollution -- 4.6 Long-Term Trends -- 4.7 Specific Applications -- 4.7.1 Model Validation -- 4.7.2 Ground-Truthing -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Studies on Environmental Radionuclides at Mt. Cimone -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Historical and Background -- 3 Methodologies -- 4 Use of Radiotracers in Atmospheric Studies -- 4.1 Stratosphere-to-Troposphere Exchange Studies -- 4.2 Applications of Radiotracer Techniques to Regional Circulation Understanding. , 4.3 Processes Affecting PM10 Variability -- 4.4 Monitoring of Artificial Radionuclides at CMN -- 4.4.1 Algeciras 1998 -- 4.4.2 Fukushima -- References -- Aerosol Chemical Composition at the Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW Global Station -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Compilation of Past PM1 and PM10 Chemical Compositions at CMN -- 3 Size-Segregated Aerosol Chemical Composition -- 4 Desert Dust Outbreaks -- 5 Volcanic Aerosol Transport -- 6 Aerosol Mass Spectrometric (AMS) Measurements -- 7 Origin of Organic Matter -- References -- Statistical Analysis of Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) at Mt. Cimone -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dataset and Methods -- 2.1 Air Temperature (Fig. 1) -- 2.2 Atmospheric Pressure (Fig. 2) -- 2.3 Wind Speed (Fig. 3) -- 2.4 Relative Humidity (Fig. 4) -- 2.5 Ozone (Fig. 5) -- 2.6 Equivalent Black Carbon (Fig. 6) -- 2.7 Accumulation (0.28 μm < -- Dp ≤1 μm) Aerosol Particles (Fig. 7) -- 2.8 Coarse (1 μm < -- Dp ≤10 μm) Aerosol Particles (Fig. 8) -- 2.9 Methane (Fig. 9) -- 2.10 Nitrous Oxide (Fig. 10) -- 2.11 Sulfur Hexafluoride (Fig. 11) -- 2.12 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) (Fig. 12) -- 2.13 Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) (Fig. 13) -- 2.14 1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114) (Fig. 14) -- References.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High-Mountain Atmospheric Research : The Italian Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW Global Station (2165 m a.s.l.) (2018)
    Cham : Springer
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Meteorology ; Atmospheric sciences ; Climate change ; Environmental chemistry
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents the results of 20 years of atmospheric composition research studies carried out at the high-mountain (2,165 m a.s.l.) Observatory "O. Vittori" in Italy, part of the only global station in the Mediterranean region that belongs to the World Meteorological Organization’s Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO/GAW). It provides a comprehensive study with updated results for the most important atmospheric climate-altering and pollutant compounds based on the continuous observations at Mt. Cimone. Further, the book addresses the following main research topics in atmospheric sciences: non-CO2 greenhouse gases, reactive gases, aerosol particles and natural radioactivity. The book also presents an overview of the measurement site (both in terms of its geographical location and technical facilities), as well as extensive climatology references (in the form of plots and tables) for the atmospheric compounds monitored there. As such, it offers a must-read for atmospheric scientists, stakeholders, undergraduate and graduate students in related fields
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 135 p. 49 illus., 45 illus. in color, online resource)
    ISBN: 9783319611273
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Meteorology
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61127-3
    URL: https://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz491756151cov.jpg
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-61127-3
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Atmospheric Transport Pathways to Antarctica and the Remote Southern Ocean using Radon-222 (2018)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Earth Science, 6
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Description: We discuss remote terrestrial influences on boundary layer air over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica, and the mechanisms by which they arise, using atmospheric radon observations as a proxy. Our primary motivation was to enhance the scientific community’s ability to understand and quantify the potential effects of pollution, nutrient or pollen transport from distant land masses to these remote, sparsely-instrumented regions. Seasonal radon characteristics are discussed at 6 stations (Macquarie Island, King Sejong, Neumayer, Dumont d’Urville, Jang Bogo and Dome Concordia) using 1-4 years of continuous observations. Context is provided for differences observed between these sites by Southern Ocean radon transects between 45-67S made by the Research Vessel Investigator. Synoptic transport of continental air within the marine boundary layer (MBL) dominated radon seasonal cycles in the mid-Southern Ocean site (Macquarie Island). MBL synoptic transport, tropospheric injection, and Antarctic outflow all contributed to the seasonal cycle at the sub-Antarctic site (King Sejong). Tropospheric subsidence and injection events delivered terrestrially-influenced air to the Southern Ocean MBL in the vicinity of the circumpolar trough (or “Polar Front”). Katabatic outflow events from Antarctica were observed to modify trace gas and aerosol characteristics of the MBL 100-200 km off the coast. Radon seasonal cycles at coastal Antarctic sites were dominated by a combination of local radon sources in summer and subsidence of terrestrially-influenced tropospheric air, whereas those on the Antarctic Plateau were primarily controlled by tropospheric subsidence. Separate characterisation of long-term marine and katabatic flow air masses at Dumont d’Urville revealed monthly mean differences in summer of up to 5 ppbv in ozone and 0.3 ng m-3 in gaseous elemental mercury. These differences were largely attributed to chemical processes on the Antarctic Plateau. A comparison of our observations with some Antarctic radon simulations by global climate models over the past two decades indicated that: (i) some models overestimate synoptic transport to Antarctica in the MBL, (ii) the seasonality of the Antarctic ice sheet needs to be better represented in models, (iii) coastal Antarctic radon sources need to be taken into account, and (iv) the underestimation of radon in subsiding tropospheric air needs to be investigated.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    The assessment of local geological factors for the construction of a Geogenic Radon Potential map using regression kriging. A case study from the Euganean Hills volcanic district (Italy) (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-24
    Description: The assessment of potential radon-hazardous environments is nowadays a critical issue in planning, monitoring, and developing appropriate mitigation strategies. Although some geological structures (e.g., fault systems) and other geological factors (e.g., radionuclide content, soil organic or rock weathering) can locally affect the radon occurrence, at the basis of a good implementation of radon-safe systems, optimized modelling at territorial scale is required. The use of spatial regression models, adequately combining different types of predictors, represents an invaluable tool to identify the relationships between radon and its controlling factors as well as to construct Geogenic Radon Potential (GRP) maps of an area. In this work, two GRP maps were developed based on field measurements of soil gas radon and thoron concentrations and gamma spectrometry of soil and rock samples of the Euganean Hills (northern Italy) district. A predictive model of radon concentration in soil gas was reconstructed taking into account the relationships among the soil gas radon and seven predictors: terrestrial gamma dose radiation (TGDR), thoron (220Rn), fault density (FD), soil permeability (PERM), digital terrain model (SLOPE), moisture index (TMI), heat load index (HLI). These predictors allowed to elaborate local spatial models by using the Empirical Bayesian Regression Kriging (EBRK) in order to find the best combination and define the GRP of the Euganean Hills area. A second GRP map based on the Neznal approach (GRPNEZ) has been modelled using the TGDR and 220Rn, as predictors of radon concentration, and FD as predictor of soil permeability. Then, the two GRP maps have been compared. Results highlight that the radon potential is mainly driven by the bedrock type but the presence of fault systems and topographic features play a key role in radon migration in the subsoil and its exhalation at the soil/atmosphere boundary.
    Description: Published
    Description: 152064
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Euganean Hills ; Geogenic Radon Potential ; Geostatistics ; Natural radioactivity ; Radon ; Regression kriging ; 04. Solid Earth
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Evaluation of tectonically enhanced radon in fault zones by quantification of the radon activity index (2023)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-09
    Description: This work highlights the importance of the Geogenic Radon Potential (GRP) component originated by degassing processes in fault zones. This Tectonically Enhanced Radon (TER) can increase radon concentration in soil gas and the inflow of radon in the buildings (Indoor Radon Concentrations, IRC). Although tectonically related radon enhancement is known in areas characterised by active faults, few studies have investigated radon migration processes in non-active fault zones. The Pusteria Valley (Bolzano, north-eastern Italy) represents an ideal geological setting to study the role of a non-seismic fault system in enhancing the geogenic radon. Here, most of the municipalities are characterised by high IRC. We performed soil gas surveys in three of these municipalities located along a wide section of the non-seismic Pusteria fault system characterised by a dense network of faults and fractures. Results highlight the presence of high Rn concentrations (up to 800 kBq·m-3) with anisotropic spatial patterns oriented along the main strike of the fault system. We calculated a Radon Activity Index (RAI) along north-south profiles across the Pusteria fault system and found that TER is linked to high fault geochemical activities. This evidence confirms that TER constitutes a significant component of GRP also along non-seismic faults.
    Description: Published
    Description: 21586
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Radon ; Soil Gas ; Geochemistry ; Radon Hazard
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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