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  • 11
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    North Atlantic oscillation controls multidecadal changes in the North Tropical Atlantic−Pacific connection (2023)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: By exciting subtropical teleconnections, sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) during boreal spring can trigger El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events in the following boreal winter, thereby providing a precursor for ENSO predictability. However, this NTA−ENSO connection is not stationary, and it varies considerably over multidecadal timescales, which cannot be directly explained by the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation or the global warming trend. Here we show that multidecadal changes in the NTA−ENSO connection are principally controlled by multidecadal variability associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). During the positive phase of the NAO, the amplification of the NTA impact on ENSO mainly arises from strengthening of the boreal spring mean precipitation over the equatorial Atlantic and enhancement of the persistence of NTA SST anomalies, which enhance the NTA influence by exciting stronger and more persistent subtropical teleconnections. Our findings show that multidecadal variability of the NAO is key to understanding the impacts of the NTA SST on the tropical Pacific Ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 12
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    Genome-wide DNA methylome analysis reveals epigenetically dysregulated non-coding RNAs in human breast cancer (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Despite growing appreciation of the importance of epigenetics in breast cancer, our understanding of epigenetic alterations of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in breast cancer remains limited. Here, we explored the epigenetic patterns of ncRNAs in breast cancers using published sequencing-based methylome data, primarily focusing on the two most commonly studied ncRNA biotypes, long ncRNAs and miRNAs. We observed widely aberrant methylation in the promoters of ncRNAs, and this abnormal methylation was more frequent than that in protein-coding genes. Specifically, intergenic ncRNAs were observed to comprise a majority (51.45% of the lncRNAs and 51.57% of the miRNAs) of the aberrantly methylated ncRNA promoters. Moreover, we summarized five patterns of aberrant ncRNA promoter methylation in the context of genomic CpG islands (CGIs), in which aberrant methylation occurred not only on CGIs, but also in regions flanking CGI and in CGI-lacking promoters. Integration with transcriptional datasets enabled us to determine that the ncRNA promoter methylation events were associated with transcriptional changes. Furthermore, a panel of ncRNAs were identified as biomarkers that discriminated between disease phenotypes. Finally, the potential functions of aberrantly methylated ncRNAs were predicted, suggestiong that ncRNAs and coding genes cooperatively mediate pathway dysregulation during the development and progression of breast cancer. Scientific Reports 5 doi: 10.1038/srep08790
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 13
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    New Triterpenoid Glycosides from the Roots of Camellia oleifera Abel (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-17
    Description: Five new triterpenoid saponins, oleiferosides I–M ( 1 – 5 , resp.) were isolated from the roots of Camellia oleifera Abel . Their structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. All the compounds were identified as oleanane-type saponins with sugar moieties linked to C(3) of the aglycone. In addition, cytotoxic activities of these saponins were evaluated against four human tumor cell lines (A549, B16, BEL-7402, and MCF-7) by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) in vitro assay. All of the compounds showed significant cytotoxic activities against the tested cell lines.
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 14
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    Whole-exome SNP array identifies 15 new susceptibility loci for psoriasis (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-11
    Description: Article Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting up to 3% of the population. Here, Zuo et al. perform exome array analysis, identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms at 15 new loci, implicating several biological pathways in psoriasis risk and disease heritability. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms7793 Authors: Xianbo Zuo, Liangdan Sun, Xianyong Yin, Jinping Gao, Yujun Sheng, Jinhua Xu, Jianzhong Zhang, Chundi He, Ying Qiu, Guangdong Wen, Hongqing Tian, Xiaodong Zheng, Shengxiu Liu, Wenjun Wang, Weiran Li, Yuyan Cheng, Longdan Liu, Yan Chang, Zaixing Wang, Zenggang Li, Longnian Li, Jianping Wu, Ling Fang, Changbing Shen, Fusheng Zhou, Bo Liang, Gang Chen, Hui Li, Yong Cui, Aie Xu, Xueqin Yang, Fei Hao, Limin Xu, Xing Fan, Yuzhen Li, Rina Wu, Xiuli Wang, Xiaoming Liu, Min Zheng, Shunpeng Song, Bihua Ji, Hong Fang, Jianbin Yu, Yongxin Sun, Yan Hui, Furen Zhang, Rongya Yang, Sen Yang, Xuejun Zhang
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 15
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    Ocean dynamical processes associated with the tropical Pacific cold tongue mode (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-26
    Description: The cold tongue mode (CTM) is the second EOF mode of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) variability over the tropical Pacific, and represents the out–of–phase relationship in SSTA variability between the Pacific cold tongue region and elsewhere in the tropical Pacific. A positive CTM is characterized by cold SSTA in the Pacific cold tongue region and warm SSTA in the rest of the tropical Pacific, with conditions reversed for a negative CTM. The CTM is a coupled air–sea mode, and its long–term variability is most probably induced by ocean dynamical processes in response to global warming [ Zhang et al ., 2010]. This study focuses on the specific ocean dynamical processes associated with the CTM and its possible relationship with global warming. A heat budget diagnosis of ocean temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific shows that the net heat flux plays a damping role and the four ocean advection terms ( , and ) contribute to the temperature change associated with the CTM. Among them, the vertical advection of the anomalous temperature by the mean upwelling ( ) makes a dominant contribution to the long–term change in the CTM. The long–term change of the term is controlled mainly by the decreasing vertical gradient of the ocean temperature anomaly . The other three advection terms make a minor contribution to the long–term change in the CTM. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 16
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    Energies, Vol. 9, Pages 709: Mechanism of Fiscal and Taxation Policies in the Geothermal Industry in China (2016)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Energies
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-04
    Description: Geothermal energy is one of the cleanest sources of energy which is gaining importance as an alternative to hydrocarbons. Geothermal energy reserves in China are enormous and it has a huge potential for exploitation and utilization. However, the development of the geothermal industry in China lags far behind other renewable energy sources because of the lack of fiscal and taxation policy support. In this paper, we adopt the system dynamics method and use the causal loop diagram to explore the development mechanism of fiscal and taxation policies in the geothermal industry. The effect of the fiscal and taxation policy on the development of the geothermal industry is analyzed. In order to promote sustainable development of the geothermal industry in China, the government should pay more attention to subsidies for the geothermal industry in the life-cycle stage of the geothermal industry. Furthermore, a plan is necessary to provide a reasonable system of fiscal and taxation policies.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1073
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 17
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    Association between HLA-B*1301 and Dapsone-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions among Leprosy Patients in China (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-10-17
    Description: Association between HLA-B*1301 and Dapsone-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions among Leprosy Patients in China Journal of Investigative Dermatology 133, 2642 (November 2013). doi:10.1038/jid.2013.192 Authors: Hongsheng Wang, Liangbin Yan, Guocheng Zhang, Xiangsheng Chen, Jun Yang, Ming Li, Jianping Shen, Meiwen Yu, Ran Huo & Baoxi Wang
    Print ISSN: 0022-202X
    Electronic ISSN: 1523-1747
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 18
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    Prophage-like elements present in Mycobacterium genomes (2014)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-28
    Description: Background: Prophages, integral components of many bacterial genomes, play significant roles in cognate host bacteria, such as virulence, toxin biosynthesis and secretion, fitness cost, genomic variations, and evolution. Many prophages and prophage-like elements present in sequenced bacterial genomes, such as Bifidobacteria, Lactococcus and Streptococcus, have been described. However, information for the prophage of Mycobacterium remains poorly defined. Results: In this study, based on the search of the complete genome database from GenBank, the Whole Genome Shotgun (WGS) databases, and some published literatures, thirty-three prophages were described in detail. Eleven of them were full-length prophages, and others were prophage-like elements. Eleven prophages were firstly revealed. They were phiMAV_1, phiMAV_2, phiMmcs_1, phiMmcs_2, phiMkms_1, phiMkms_2, phiBN42_1, phiBN44_1, phiMCAN_1, phiMycsm_1, and phiW7S_1. Their genomes and gene contents were firstly analyzed. Furthermore, comparative genomics analyses among mycobacterioprophages showed that full-length prophage phi172_2 belonged to mycobacteriophage Cluster A and the phiMmcs_1, phiMkms_1, phiBN44_1, and phiMCAN_1 shared high homology and could be classified into one group. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic characterization of mycobacterioprophages, their genomic organization and phylogeny. This information will afford more understanding of the biology of Mycobacterium.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2164
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 19
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    Magnetic mineralogy of pyroxenite xenoliths from Hannuoba basalts, northern North China Craton: Implications for magnetism in the continental lower crust (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-11
    Description: [1]  Studies of the petrology, mineral chemistry and rock-magnetic properties of nine pyroxenite xenoliths from Hannuoba basalts, northern North China Craton, have been made to determine the magnetization signature of the continental lower crust. These pyroxenites are weakly magnetic with low average susceptibility ( χ ) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization ( M rs ) of 39.59 × 10 -8  m 3  kg -1 and 12.05 × 10 -3 Am 2 kg -1 , respectively. The magnetic minerals are mainly magnetite, pyrrhotite and Fe-rich spinel, which significantly contribute to χ and natural remanent magnetization. Magnetite occurs as interstitial micro-crystals together with zeolite aggregates, indicating a secondary origin in a supergene environment. In contrast, pyrrhotite and Fe-rich spinel were formed prior to the xenoliths’ ascent to the surface, as evidenced by their dominant occurrence as tiny inclusions and thin exsolution lamellae in pyroxene. The Fe-rich spinel has ~ 50% mole-fraction of Fe 3 O 4 and corresponds to the strongest magnetization, and its coexistence with Mg-rich spinel implies a reheating event due to the underplating of basaltic magma. Besides, armalcolite and ilmenite were found in the reaction rims between xenoliths and the basalt, but they contribute little to the whole rock magnetization. However, these pyroxenite xenoliths would be non-magnetic at in situ depths, as well as peridotite and mafic granulite xenoliths derived from the crust-mantle transition zone (~ 32-42 km). Therefore, we suggest the limiting depth of magnetization at the boundary between weakly magnetic deep-seated (lower crust and upper mantle) xenoliths and strongly magnetic Archean granulite facies rocks (~ 32 km) in Hannuoba, northern North China Craton.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 20
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    GLCE regulates PC12 cell neuritogenesis induced by nerve growth factor through activating SMAD/ID3 signalling (2014)
    Portland Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: Neurodevelopment is orchestrated by a series of growth factor-HS (heparan sulfate) interactions which are involved in neuritogenesis. GLCE (glucuronic acid epimerase) is a critical enzyme involved in HS synthesis, which converts GlcA (D -glucuronic acid) into IdoA (L -iduronic acid). However, the function of GLCE in neuritogenesis is largely unknown. In the present study we showed that GLCE depletion caused arrested PC12 cell growth and promoted the cell neuritogenesis and differentiation induced by NGF (nerve growth factor). PC12 cell growth was boosted by overexpression of GLCE, and neuritogenesis was impaired when GLCE depletion was rescued. Interestingly, overexpression of wild-type GLCE with Y168A and Y222A mutations led to enhanced PC12 cell growth and attenuated the neuritogenesis triggered by GLCE silencing. We showed further that GLCE depletion blocked SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation; however, this signalling could be restored by GLCE or the mutation of its active enzymatic site. In addition, the downstream effector of SMAD1/5/8, ID3 (inhibitor of DNA binding/differentiation 3) was induced by GLCE. ID3 silencing inhibited PC12 cell growth and induced cell neuritogenesis and differentiation. In addition, ectopic expression of ID3 partially rescued the phenotype caused by GLCE silencing. The results of the present study suggest that GLCE plays a key role in PC12 cell growth and neuritogenesis through SMAD/ID3 signalling.
    Print ISSN: 0264-6021
    Electronic ISSN: 0006-2936
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Portland Press on behalf of The Biochemical Society.
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