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  • 11
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Chile Süd ; Neotektonik ; Strukturgeologie
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: V, 73 S., 25,8 MB) , graph. Darst.
    Language: English , German
    Note: Enth. Zeitschriften-Aufsätze , Kiel, Univ., Diss., 2011
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  • 12
  • 13
    In: Advances in geosciences, Katlenburg-Lindau : European Geosciences Union, 2003, (2009), 1680-7359
    In: year:2009
    In: extent:13
    Description / Table of Contents: Offshore south central Chile (35°S-42°S), the morphology of the lowermost continental slope and trench floor witnesses a voluminous submarine mass-wasting event. The blocky slide body deposited in the Chile Trench at 73°46'W 35°35'S was targeted for study during RRS JAMES COOK Cruise JC23 and termed Reloca Slide. Its size of about 24 km3, its steep and high headscarp, the spatial distribution of slide deposits and the cohesive nature of major slide blocks make it interesting to address the issue of tsunami generation. We have obtained seismic reflection data that partly reveal the internal structure of the slide body. Gravity core samples were retrieved that will allow the slide to be dated and linked to the history of sedimentation and slope stability along this particular segment of the Chilean convergent margin. At present we assume a Holocene age for the sliding event.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 13 , graph. Darst
    ISSN: 1680-7359
    Language: English
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  • 14
    In: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, Stuttgart : Schweizerbart, 1866, 158(2007), 4, Seite 1063-1087, 1861-4094
    In: volume:158
    In: year:2007
    In: number:4
    In: pages:1063-1087
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1861-4094
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 95 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    DDC: 553.2
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Tauernfenster ; Eklogit ; Subduktion ; Deformation
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (197 Seiten = 14 MB) , Illustrationen, Graphen, Karten
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe 2023
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 72 (1983), S. 605-618 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract A suite of marble specimens from the Sierra Alhamilla (Spain), deformed to large strains under natural conditions at about 300° C shows distinct variations in microstructure and fabrics. It can be demonstrated that the development of crystallographic preferred orientations and grain shape fabrics are strongly dependent on recrystallized grain size. This is interpreted to reflect the relative importance of various deformational mechanisms. Superplasticity seems to have a sharp upper grain size limit at 10–15 /smm. Within the power law creep regime, deformation in fine grained aggregates is probably dominated by diffusional, in coarser ones by dislocation mechanisms. The transition is a gradual one, and may span a grain size range of 30 /sm.
    Abstract: Résumé Une série d'échantillons de marbres de la Sierra Alhamilla (Espagne), fortement déformés sous des conditions naturelles de 300° C, montre des variations distinctes de microstructure et de texture. On peut démontrer que la formation des orientations préférentielles cristallographiques et de l'aplatissement des grains dépend clairement des dimensions des grains recristallisés. Ceci est interpreté a comme le reflet de l'importance relative de plusieurs mécanismes de déformation. Il apparaît, que le domaine de superplasticité a une limite bien definie a 10–15 /smm. Dans le domaine du fluage en σn, la déformation des aggrégats fins semble être dominée par des mécanismes de diffusion, et des aggregats de grande taille par des mećanismes de dislocation. La transition est graduelle, et peut comprendre un intervalle dimensionel des grains de 30 /smm.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Anzahl von Marmoren aus der Sierra Alhamilla (Spanien), intensiv deformiert unter natürlichen Bedingungen bei ca. 300° C, zeigt ausgeprägte Variationen in Mikrostruktur und Gefüge. Es kann gezeigt werden, daß die Entwicklung von bevorzugten Kristallorientierungen und Formanisotropien im Korngefüge erheblich von der rekristallisierten Korngröße abhängt. Dies wird als Ausdruck der relativen Aktivität verschiedener Deformationsmechanismen interpretiert. Superplastizität scheint eine relativ scharf definierte Obergrenze für Korngrößen von 10–15 /sm zu besitzen. Im Bereich des Potenzgesetz-Fließens wird die Verformung feinkörniger Aggregate wahrscheinlich von Diffusion, die von grobkörnigen von Dislokationsmechanismen bestimmt. Der Übergangsbereich zwischen beiden Mechanismen umfaßt einen Korngrößenunterschied von etwa 30 µ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Highlights • Crustal structure of Walvis Ridge reveals high seismic velocities in the lower crust intruding the African continent. • This modified crust is localized to approx. 100 × 100 km within the continent. • No indication for a large plume head observed The opening of the South Atlantic is a classical example for a plume related continental breakup. Flood basalts are present on both conjugate margins as well as aseismic ridges connecting them with the current plume location at Tristan da Cunha. To determine the effect of the proposed plume head on the continental crust, we acquired wide-angle seismic data at the junction of the Walvis Ridge with the African continent and modelled the P-wave velocity structure in a forward approach. The profile extends 430. km along the ridge and continues onshore to a length of 720. km. Crustal velocities beneath the Walvis Ridge vary between 5.5. km/s and 7.0. km/s, a typical range for oceanic crust. The crustal thickness of 22. km, however, is approximately three times larger than of normal oceanic crust. The continent-ocean transition is characterized by 30. km thick crust with strong lateral velocity variations in the upper crust and a high-velocity lower crust (HVLC), where velocities reach up to 7.5. km/s. The HVLC is 100 to 130. km wider at the Walvis Ridge than it is farther south, and impinges onto the continental crust of the Kaoko fold belt. Such high seismic velocities indicate Mg-rich igneous material intruded into the continental crust during the initial rifting stage. However, the remaining continental crust seems unaffected by intrusions and the root of the 40. km-thick crust of the Kaoko belt is not thermally abraded. We conclude that the plume head did not modify the continental crust on a large scale, but caused rather local effects. Thus, it seems unlikely that a plume drove or initiated the breakup process. We further propose that the plume already existed underneath the continent prior to the breakup, and ponded melt erupted at emerging rift structures providing the magma for continental flood basalts.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 19
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    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 122 (7). 5306-5324 .
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Many blueschists and eclogites are inferred to have formed from oceanic basalts in subducted slabs. Knowledge of their elastic behaviour is essential for reconstructing the internal structure of subduction zones. The Cycladic Blueschist Unit, exposed on Syros Island (Greece), contains rocks belonging to an exhumed Tertiary subduction complex. They were possibly part of a subduction channel, a shear zone above the subducting slab in which exhumation is possible during subduction. Intense plastic deformation, forming crystallographic preferred orientations (CPO), accompanied blueschist and eclogite metamorphism. CPO of the constituent minerals in the collected samples was determined by time-of-flight neutron diffraction. Two samples are foliated fine-grained blueschists with strong CPO, rich in glaucophane, zoisite and phengite. Two coarser-grained eclogite samples rich in omphacite and clinozoisite, or glaucophane, have weaker CPO. Vp and Vs anisotropies were computed from the orientation distribution function and single-crystal elastic constants. All samples show velocity maxima parallel to the mineral lineation, and minima normal to the foliation, providing important constraints on orientations of seismic anisotropy in subduction channels. Vp anisotropies are up to three times higher (6.5-12%) in the blueschists than in the eclogites (3-4%), pointing to a potentially important lithological control of elastic anisotropy in subducted oceanic crust.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Bulk rock elastic moduli of gneiss, amphibolite and marble using different techniques. • Neutron diffraction texture analysis and modeling of rock physical properties. • Measurement of seismic velocity anisotropy under pressures of up to 600 MPa. • Extrapolation of experimental data to higher pressures of 1000 MPa (crack free rock). • Comparison of modeled, experimental and extrapolated elastic anisotropy data. Abstract In this study elastic moduli of three different rock types of simple (calcite marble) and more complex (amphibolite, micaschist) mineralogical compositions were determined by modeling of elastic moduli using texture (crystallographic preferred orientation; CPO) data, experimental investigation and extrapolation. 3D models were calculated using single crystal elastic moduli, and CPO measured using time-of-flight neutron diffraction at the SKAT diffractometer in Dubna (Russia) and subsequently analyzed using Rietveld Texture Analysis. To define extrinsic factors influencing elastic behaviour, P-wave and S-wave velocity anisotropies were experimentally determined at 200, 400 and 600 MPa confining pressure. Functions describing variations of the elastic moduli with confining pressure were then used to predict elastic properties at 1000 MPa, revealing anisotropies in a supposedly crack-free medium. In the calcite marble elastic anisotropy is dominated by the CPO. Velocities continuously increase, while anisotropies decrease from measured, over extrapolated to CPO derived data. Differences in velocity patterns with sample orientation suggest that the foliation forms an important mechanical anisotropy. The amphibolite sample shows similar magnitudes of extrapolated and CPO derived velocities, however the pattern of CPO derived velocity is closer to that measured at 200 MPa. Anisotropy decreases from the extrapolated to the CPO derived data. In the micaschist, velocities are higher and anisotropies are lower in the extrapolated data, in comparison to the data from measurements at lower pressures. Generally our results show that predictions for the elastic behavior of rocks at great depths are possible based on experimental data and those computed from CPO. The elastic properties of the lower crust can, thus, be characterized with an improved degree of confidence using extrapolations. Anisotropically distributed spherical micro-pores are likely to be preserved, affecting seismic velocity distributions. Compositional variations in the polyphase rock samples do not significantly change the velocity patterns, allowing the use of RTA-derived volume percentages for the modeling of elastic moduli.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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