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  • Elsevier  (21)
  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (9)
  • Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung  (3)
  • 1
    Map
    Map
    Meeresatlas : Daten und Fakten über unseren Umgang mit dem Ozean (2017)
    Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Atlas ; Meereskunde
    Description / Table of Contents: Ohne das Meer gäbe es kein Leben auf unserem Planeten. Es regelt weitgehend das Klima, gibt uns Nahrung und liefert Energie. Darüber hinaus ist es ein wichtiger Verkehrsweg, ein Erholungsraum und ein Quell ästhetischen Vergnügens. Aber das Meer steht unter Stress, denn das alte Prinzip von der „Freiheit der Meere“ hat zu Überfischung, Artenverlust und einer immensen Verschmutzung der Ozeane geführt.Deshalb muss der Umgang mit dem Meer auf nachhaltige und gerechte Grundlagen gestellt werden. Der Meeresatlas 2017 liefert dazu die Daten, Fakten und Zusammenhänge. Er zeigt in zahlreichen Beiträgen und über 50 Grafiken, in welch schlechtem Zustand sich die Weltmeere befinden, warum das so ist und was man tun muss, um die Situation der Ozeane zu verbessern.
    Type of Medium: Map
    Pages: 1 Atlas (50 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Karten
    Parallel Title: Pösel, Natascha Übersetzt als Atlas de los océanos
    Language: German
    Note: Zur Erstellung des „Meeresatlas“ haben viele Expertinnen und Experten mit ihrem Fachwissen beigetragen. Beteiligt waren insbesondere Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), die gemeinsam im Kieler Exzellenzcluster „Ozean der Zukunft“ zu Fragestellungen der Entwicklung unserer Meere forschen. Die Texte des Atlas beruhen auf Interviews, die mit den Expertinnen und Experten geführt wurden. Interviewführung: Natascha Pösel, Peter Wiebe, Ulrich Bähr , Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Meeresatlas : Daten und Fakten über unseren Umgang mit dem Ozean (2017)
    Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Atlas ; Meereskunde
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Resource (50 Seiten, 23 MB)
    URL: https://www.boell.de/de/2017/04/25/meeresatlas-daten-und-fakten-ueber-unseren-umgang-mit-dem-ozean
    Language: English
    Note: Zur Erstellung des „Meeresatlas“ haben viele Expertinnen und Experten mit ihrem Fachwissen beigetragen. Beteiligt waren insbesondere Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), die gemeinsam im Kieler Exzellenzcluster „Ozean der Zukunft“ zu Fragestellungen der Entwicklung unserer Meere forschen. Die Texte des Atlas beruhen auf Interviews, die mit den Expertinnen und Experten geführt wurden. Interviewführung: Natascha Pösel, Peter Wiebe, Ulrich Bähr
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Ocean atlas : facts and figures about our relationship with the ocean (2017)
    Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
    Details Availability
    Description / Table of Contents: The publishers – the Heinrich Böll Stiftung Schleswig-Holstein, the Heinrich Böll Stiftung (national foundation), the University of Kiel Future Ocean Cluster of Excellence and the monthly magazine “Le Monde diplomatique” – want to point out the most important dimensions of our interaction with the ocean and its coasts. According to them, it is imperative to rethink our relationship with the ocean and its resources that are important parts of our environment and that urgently need international protection. On 23 graphically illustrated double pages the Atlas provides compact knowledge and current data on the ocean.
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 50 Seiten
    Parallel Title: Übersetzung von Meeresatlas
    Parallel Title: Pösel, Natascha Parallele Sprachausgabe Atlas de los océanos
    Language: English
    Note: The publishers – the Heinrich Böll Stiftung Schleswig-Holstein, the Heinrich Böll Stiftung (national foundation), the University of Kiel Future Ocean Cluster of Excellence and the monthly magazine “Le Monde diplomatique” – want to point out the most important dimensions of our interaction with the ocean and its coasts. According to them, it is imperative to rethink our relationship with the ocean and its resources that are important parts of our environment and that urgently need international protection. On 23 graphically illustrated double pages the Atlas provides compact knowledge and current data on the ocean
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  • 4
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    Do submesoscale frontal processes ventilate the oxygen minimum zone off Peru? (2016)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 43 (15). S367-S386.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The Peruvian upwelling system encompasses the most intense and shallowest oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the ocean. This system shows pronounced submesoscale activity like filaments and fronts. We carried out glider-based observations off Peru during austral summer 2013 to investigate whether submesoscale frontal processes ventilate the Peruvian OMZ. We present observational evidence for the subduction of highly oxygenated surface water in a submesoscale cold filament. The subduction event ventilates the oxycline but does not reach OMZ core waters. In a regional submesoscale-permitting model we study the pathways of newly upwelled water. About 50% of upwelled virtual floats are subducted below the mixed layer within 5 days emphasizing a hitherto unrecognized importance of subduction for the ventilation of the Peruvian oxycline.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/2016GL070548
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Marine CDOM accumulation during a coastal Arctic mesocosm experiment: No response to elevated pCO2levels (2014)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 119 (6). pp. 1216-1230.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-20
    Description: A large-scale multidisciplinary mesocosm experiment in an Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard; 78°56.2′N) was used to study Arctic marine food webs and biogeochemical elements cycling at natural and elevated future carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. At the start of the experiment, marine-derived chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) dominated the CDOM pool. Thus, this experiment constituted a convenient case to study production of autochthonous CDOM, which is typically masked by high levels of CDOM of terrestrial origin in the Arctic Ocean proper. CDOM accumulated during the experiment in line with an increase in bacterial abundance; however, no response was observed to increased pCO2 levels. Changes in CDOM absorption spectral slopes indicate that bacteria were most likely responsible for the observed CDOM dynamics. Distinct absorption peaks (at ~ 330 and ~ 360 nm) were likely associated with mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). Due to the experimental setup, MAAs were produced in absence of ultraviolet exposure providing evidence for MAAs to be considered as multipurpose metabolites rather than simple photoprotective compounds. We showed that a small increase in CDOM during the experiment made it a major contributor to total absorption in a range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400–700 nm) and, therefore, is important for spectral light availability and may be important for photosynthesis and phytoplankton groups composition in a rapidly changing Arctic marine ecosystem.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/2013JG002587
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Effects of ocean acidification on the biogenic composition of the sea-surface microlayer: Results from a mesocosm study (2014)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119 (11). pp. 7911-7924.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The sea-surface microlayer (SML) is the ocean's uppermost boundary to the atmosphere and in control of climate relevant processes like gas exchange and emission of marine primary organic aerosols (POA). The SML represents a complex surface film including organic components like polysaccharides, proteins, and marine gel particles, and harbors diverse microbial communities. Despite the potential relevance of the SML in ocean-atmosphere interactions, still little is known about its structural characteristics and sensitivity to a changing environment such as increased oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Here we report results of a large-scale mesocosm study, indicating that ocean acidification can affect the abundance and activity of microorganisms during phytoplankton blooms, resulting in changes in composition and dynamics of organic matter in the SML. Our results reveal a potential coupling between anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the biogenic properties of the SML, pointing to a hitherto disregarded feedback process between ocean and atmosphere under climate change.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/2014JC010188
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  • 7
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    Regulation of bacterioplankton activity in Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) during early summer: The role of organic matter supply and temperature (2014)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Marine Systems, 132 . pp. 83-94.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Highlights: • Activity of Arctic bacterioplankton in summer is regulated by concentration and composition of organic matter. • Bacterial production in Fram Strait is significantly related to concentrations of total amino acids. • Bacterioplankton in Polar Water show enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of combined carbohydrates compared to Atlantic Water. Abstract The bacterial turnover of organic matter was investigated in Fram Strait at 79°N. Both Atlantic Water (AW) inflow and exported Polar Water (PW) were sampled along a transect from Spitsbergen to the eastern Greenland shelf during a late successional stage of the main annual phytoplankton bloom in summer. AW showed higher concentrations of amino acids than PW, while organic matter in PW was enriched in combined carbohydrates. Bacterial growth and degradation activity in AW and PW were related to compositional differences of organic matter. Bacterial production and leucine-aminopeptidase along the transect were significantly correlated with concentrations of amino acids. Activity ratios between the extracellular enzymes β-glucosidase and leucine-aminopeptidase indicate the hydrolysis potential for polysaccharides relative to proteins. Along the transect, these ratios showed a higher hydrolysis potential for polysaccharides relative to proteins in PW than in AW, thus reflecting the differences in organic matter composition between the water masses. Q10 values for bacterial production ranged from 2.4 (± 0.8) to 6.0 (± 6.8), while those for extracellular enzymes showed a broader range of 1.5 (± 0.5) to 23.3 (± 11.8). Our results show that in addition to low seawater temperature also organic matter availability contributes to the regulation of bacterial growth and enzymatic activity in the Arctic Ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.01.003
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  • 8
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    Variations in the elemental ratio of organic matter in the central Baltic Sea: Part I—Linking primary production to remineralization (2015)
    Elsevier
    In:  Continental Shelf Research, 100 . pp. 25-45.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Highlights: • Elemental C:N:P variations of organic matter are simulated at monitoring site BY15. • No N2 fixation needed to explain observed PO4PO4 and pCO2pCO2 levels after spring bloom. • Model features relevance of DOP production and remineralization for N2 fixation. • Model estimates of annual N2 fixation are View the MathML source297±24mmolNm-2a-1. • Model estimates of annual total production are View the MathML source14.16±0.71molCm-2a-1. Abstract: For most marine ecosystems the growth of diazotrophic cyanobacteria and the associated amount of nitrogen fixation are regulated by the availability of phosphorus. The intensity of summer blooms of nitrogen (N2) fixing algae in the Baltic Sea is assumed to be determinable from a surplus of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) that remains after the spring bloom has ended. But this surplus DIP concentration is observed to continuously decrease at times when no appreciable nitrogen fixation is measured. This peculiarity is currently discussed and has afforded different model interpretations for the Baltic Sea. In our study we propose a dynamical model solution that explains these observations with variations of the elemental carbon-to-nitrogen-to-phosphorus (C:N:P) ratio during distinct periods of organic matter production and remineralization. The biogeochemical model resolves seasonal C, N and P fluxes with depth at the Baltic Sea monitoring site BY15, based on three assumptions: (1) DIP is utilized by algae though not needed for immediate growth, (2) the uptake of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) is hampered when the algae׳s phosphorus (P) quota is low, and (3) carbon assimilation continues at times of nutrient depletion. Model results describe observed temporal variations of DIN, DIP and chlorophyll-a concentrations along with partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2)(pCO2). In contrast to other model studies, our solution does not require N2 fixation to occur shortly after the spring bloom to explain DIP drawdown and pCO2pCO2 levels. Model estimates of annual N2 fixation are View the MathML source297±24mmolNm-2a-1. Estimates of total production are View the MathML source14200±700mmolCm-2a-1, View the MathML source1400±70mmolNm-2a-1, and View the MathML source114±5mmolPm-2a-1 for the upper 50 m. The models C, N and P fluxes disclose preferential remineralization of P and of organic N that was introduced via N2 fixation. Our results are in support of the idea that P uptake by phytoplankton during the spring bloom contributes to the consecutive availability of labile dissolved organic phosphorus (LDOP). The LDOP is retained within upper layers and its remineralization affects algal growth in summer, during periods of noticeable N2 fixation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2014.06.015
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  • 9
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    The influence of extracellular polysaccharides, growth rate, and free coccoliths on the coagulation efficiency of Emiliania huxleyi (2015)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Chemistry, 175 . pp. 5-17.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Highlights: • Coagulation efficiency of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi was determined with Couette flow devices. • Higher coagulation efficiencies of cells were observed at lower growth rates. • Coagulation efficiency increases with the extracellular polysaccharides fraction. Abstract: Coagulation of small particles results in the formation of larger aggregates that play an important role in the biological pump, moving carbon and other elements from the surface to the deep ocean and seafloor. In this study, we estimated the efficiency of particle coagulation of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi at different growth rates using Couette flow devices at a natural shear rate. To determine the impacts of chemical and biological factors involved in aggregate formation, we investigated how variance in organic matter composition, and in particular the presence of extracellular polysaccharides (EP), including transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and acidic polysaccharides attached to the coccolith surface, affect the coagulation efficiency (α). When E. huxleyi was grown in a chemostat at different growth rates, coagulation efficiency increased from ~ 0.40 to 1 as cell growth rates declined and nutrients became more limited. With declining growth rate the concentration of EP and the number of detached coccoliths increased. Overall a close correlation between coagulation efficiency of E. huxleyi and the ratio of EP to total particle volume was observed. The minimum value of α of ~ 0.4 determined during this study is higher than estimates published for other phytoplankton cells, and may be related to the presence of EP attached to coccoliths. Based on our findings, we suggest that E. huxleyi is more prone to form aggregates, particularly during the decline of blooms, when increased production of EP and enhanced shedding of coccoliths coincide. This may be one explanation for why blooms of E. huxleyi play an important role in the biological carbon pump, efficiently enhancing the vertical flux of particles, as has been suggested by sediment trap studies.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2015.04.010
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  • 10
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    A novel protocol for determining the concentration and composition of sugars in particulate and in high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (HMW-DOM) in seawater (2011)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Chemistry, 127 . pp. 180-191.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: A method is described to simultaneously determine the neutral, amino, and acidic sugar content of combined carbohydrates in high molecular weight (HMW, 〉 1 kDa) dissolved organic matter and in particles from seawater samples. Monomeric sugars are determined after acid hydrolysis and neutralization through acid evaporation using high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD). The separation of sugars during chromatography is achieved in two steps, an isocratic elution (18 mM NaOH) followed by a gradient course of two mobile eluent phases (NaOH and CH3COONa). HPAEC-PAD has previously been applied to measure neutral and amino sugars in marine samples. Since salt anions interfere with the measurement, some of the earlier studies used ion exchange resins for seawater desalting. Thereby, variable losses of neutral and amino sugars, and the complete removal of acidic sugars have been reported. Here, we show that desalting by membrane dialysis (1 kDa) is an efficient alternative to ion exchange resins and yields recoveries of 〉 90% for HMW carbohydrates. We conducted several tests to determine the accuracy and reproducibility of the method. Sugar concentrations determined with our protocol were compared to results obtained with the colorimetric TPTZ-method, and with earlier HPAEC-PAD protocols using cation/ anion exchange resins. Applications of our protocol to field samples indicated that acidic sugars can comprise a substantial fraction (30-50%) of HMW dissolved carbohydrates in seawater. The simultaneous analysis of the three classes of sugars appears promising to detect a larger fraction of marine combined carbohydrates, and thus to improve our understanding of organic matter cycling in the ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2011.09.004
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