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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of rising temperature on the formation and microbial degradation of marine diatom aggregates (2009)
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    In: Aquatic microbial ecology, Oldendorf, Luhe : Inter-Research, 1995, 54(2009), 3, Seite 305-318, 1616-1564
    In: volume:54
    In: year:2009
    In: number:3
    In: pages:305-318
    Description / Table of Contents: Effects of elevated temperature on the formation and subsequent degradation of diatom aggregates were studied in a laboratory experiment with a natural plankton community from the Kiel Fjord (Baltic Sea). Aggregates were derived from diatom blooms that developed in indoor mesocosms at 2.5 and 8.5°C corresponding to the 1993 to 2002 mean winter in situ temperature of the Western Baltic Sea and the projected sea surface temperature during winter in 2100, respectively. Formation and degradation of diatom aggregates at these 2 temperatures in the dark were promoted with roller tanks over a period of 11 d. Comparison of the 2 temperature settings revealed an enhanced aggregation potential of diatom cells at elevated temperature, which was likely induced by an increased concentration of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP). The enhanced aggregation potential led to a significantly higher proportion of particulate organic matter in aggregates at 8.5°C Moreover, the elevated temperature favoured the growth of bacteria, bacterial biomass production, and the activities of sugar- and protein-degrading extracellular enzymes in aggregates. Stimulating effects of rising temperature on growth and metabolism of the bacterial community resulted in an earlier onset of aggregate degradation and silica dissolution. Remineralization of carbon in aggregates at elevated temperature was partially compensated by the formation of carbon-rich TEP during dark incubation. Hence, our results suggest that increasing temperature will affect both formation and degradation of diatom aggregates. We conclude that the vertical export of organic matter through aggregates may change in the future, depending on the magnitude and vertical depth penetration of warming in the ocean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: graph. Darst
    ISSN: 1616-1564
    DOI: 10.3354/ame01273
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The influence of oxygen concentration on bacterial turnover of dissolved organic matter (2015)
    Kiel
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 Blatt = 7 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    URL: http://oceanrep.geomar.de/40382/
    Language: English
    Note: Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of temperature and pCO2 on the degradation of organic matter in the ocean (2009)
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Description / Table of Contents: Bacteria, Organic matter, Extracellular enzymes, Degradation, Carbon cycle, Global Change. - Anthropogenic emissions have increased the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) during the last 200 years. Since radiative forcing by greenhouse gases plays an essential role in maintaining the Earth's temperature, increasing emissions resulted in an observed warming of the atmosphere and the ocean. Furthermore, the absorption of excess atmospheric CO2 by the ocean has increased the acidity of seawater at global scale. The experimental simulation of changes in seawater temperature and CO2 projected for the near future led to a substantial acceleration of organic matter degradation. Higher degradation rates were primarily induced by temperature and pH effects on bacterial extracellular enzymes that increased rates of polymer hydrolysis. Effects of changing ocean temperature and pH on bacterial activity and the consequences for the cycling of organic matter are highly relevant for marine organic carbon fluxes and the ocean-atmosphere CO2 exchange.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 201 S., 2,7 MB)
    URL: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-diss000113381
    DDC: 577.7144
    Language: English
    Note: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2009
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  • 4
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    Bacterial data from CTD stations during POLARSTERN cruise PS85 (ARK-XXVIII/2) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Fadeev, Eduard; Salter, Ian; Schourup-Kristensen, Vibe; Nöthig, Eva-Maria; Metfies, Katja; Engel, Anja; Piontek, Judith; Boetius, Antje; Bienhold, Christina (2018): Microbial Communities in the East and West Fram Strait During Sea Ice Melting Season. Frontiers in Marine Science, 5, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00429
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-28
    Description: Here we present a comparative study of polar summer microbial communities in the ice-free (eastern) and ice-covered (western) hydrographic regimes at the LTER HAUSGARTEN in Fram Strait, the main gateway between the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans. Based on measured and modeled biogeochemical parameters, we tentatively identified two different ecosystem states (i.e., different phytoplankton bloom stages) in the distinct regions. Using Illumina tag-sequencing, we determined the community composition of both free-living and particle-associated bacteria as well as microbial eukaryotes in the photic layer.
    Keywords: ARK-XXVIII/2; Bacteria; Bacterial production; Bacterial production, standard deviation; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Event label; HG_I; HG_IX; HGIV; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; N4; North Greenland Sea; Polarstern; PS85; PS85/411-2; PS85/424-1; PS85/426-1; PS85/429-1; PS85/437-1; PS85/444-1; PS85/455-2; PS85/460-1; PS85/465-1; PS85/469-1; PS85/470-1; PS85/473-6; PS85/482-1
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 222 data points
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  • 5
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    Chlorophyll a in Arctic Ocean, Fram Strait, and Greenland Sea, 1991-2012 (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Nöthig, Eva-Maria; Bracher, Astrid; Engel, Anja; Metfies, Katja; Niehoff, Barbara; Peeken, Ilka; Bauerfeind, Eduard; Cherkasheva, Alexandra; Gäbler-Schwarz, Stefanie; Hardge, Kristin; Kilias, Estelle; Kraft, Angelina; Mebrahtom Kidane, Yohannes; Lalande, Catherine; Piontek, Judith; Thomisch, Karolin; Wurst, Mascha (2015): Summertime plankton ecology in Fram Strait—a compilation of long- and short-term observations. Polar Research, 34, 18 pp, https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v34.23349
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-21
    Description: Between Greenland and Spitsbergen, Fram Strait is a region where cold ice-covered Polar Water exits the Arctic Ocean with the East Greenland Current (EGC) and warm Atlantic Water enters the Arctic Ocean with the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC). In this compilation, we present two different data sets from plankton ecological observations in Fram Strait: (1) long-term measurements of satellite-derived (1998-2012) and in situ chlorophyll a (chl a) measurements (mainly summer cruises, 1991-2012) plus protist compositions (a station in WSC, eight summer cruises, 1998-2011); and (2) short-term measurements of a multidisciplinary approach that includes traditional plankton investigations, remote sensing, zooplankton, microbiological and molecular studies, and biogeochemical analyses carried out during two expeditions in June/July in the years 2010 and 2011. Both summer satellite-derived and in situ chl a concentrations showed slight trends towards higher values in the WSC since 1998 and 1991, respectively. In contrast, no trends were visible in the EGC. The protist composition in the WSC showed differences for the summer months: a dominance of diatoms was replaced by a dominance of Phaeocystis pouchetii and other small pico- and nanoplankton species. The observed differences in eastern Fram Strait were partially due to a warm anomaly in the WSC. Although changes associated with warmer water temperatures were observed, further long-term investigations are needed to distinguish between natural variability and climate change in Fram Strait. Results of two summer studies in 2010 and 2011 revealed the variability in plankton ecology in Fram Strait.
    Keywords: AWI_BioOce; Biological Oceanography @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 24 datasets
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  • 6
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    Biopolymers form a gelatinous microlayer at the air-sea interface when Arctic sea ice melts
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Galgani, Luisa; Piontek, Judith; Engel, Anja (2016): Biopolymers form a gelatinous microlayer at the air-sea interface when Arctic sea ice melts. Scientific Reports, 6, 29465, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep29465
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The interface layer between ocean and atmosphere is only a couple of micrometers thick but plays a critical role in climate relevant processes, including the air-sea exchange of gas and heat and the emission of primary organic aerosols (POA). Recent findings suggest that low-level cloud formation above the Arctic Ocean may be linked to organic polymers produced by marine microorganisms. Sea ice harbors high amounts of polymeric substances that are produced by cells growing within the seaice brine. Here, we report from a research cruise to the central Arctic Ocean in 2012. Our study shows that microbial polymers accumulate at the air-sea interface when the sea ice melts. Proteinaceous compounds represented the major fraction of polymers supporting the formation of a gelatinous interface microlayer and providing a hitherto unrecognized potential source of marine POA. Our study indicates a novel link between sea ice-ocean and atmosphere that may be sensitive to climate change.
    Keywords: Amino acids, dissolved hydrolyzable; Arctic Ocean, Central Basin; ARK-XXVII/3; Bacteria; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Coomassie stainable particles; CT; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Description; Event label; ICE; Ice station; Ice station #1; Ice station #2; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Polarstern; PS80/224-1; PS80/237-1; PS80/3-track; PS80 IceArc; Salinity; Sample code/label; Site; Slope ratio; Transparent exopolymer particles; Underway cruise track measurements; Uronic acids, dissolved
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 567 data points
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  • 7
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    Dissolved organic matter, chlorophyll a and bacterial abundance measured in water samples of POLARSTERN cruise PS111 (ANT-XXXIII/2) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
    Description: Global warming poses new threats to marine ecosystems since rising seawater temperature potentially induces cascading effects in biogeochemical cycles and food webs. Heterotrophic bacteria are the main producers of CO2 in the ocean, thereby counteracting the biological drawdown of CO2 by primary production. In Antarctic marine systems, low seawater temperature, and the low availability of labile organic matter are major environmental constraints on bacterial growth and degradation activity. However, temperature and the availability of resources for heterotrophic bacteria undergo considerable change induced by climate warming combined with subsequent ice melt and changes in primary productivity. This project aims to test single and combined effects of temperature and organic matter availability on Antarctic marine bacterioplankton. This data set includes biological and biogeochemical parameters measured alongside the CTD casts during the Polarstern cruise PS111 to the Weddell Sea. Samples were collected in the upper 100 m of the water column at the Eastern Weddell Sea Shelf and at the Filchner-Ronne ice shelf. Concentrations of different components of dissolved organic matter and inorganic nutrients as well as chlorophyll a concentrations and bacterial cell numbers are reported.
    Keywords: Alanine; Amino acids, dissolved; Amino acids, dissolved, Carbon; ANT-XXXIII/2; Arabinose; Arginine; Aspartic acid; Auto-analyzer (QuAAtro, Seal analytical); Grasshoff et al., 1983; Bacteria; Bottle number; Carbohydrates, dissolved combined; Carbohydrates, dissolved combined, Carbon; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Chlorophyll a; CombiBac; Cruise/expedition; CTD; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DATE/TIME; Depth, bathymetric; DEPTH, water; Ecology & Environment; Event label; Flow cytometry system, Becton Dickinson, FACSCalibur; Fluorometer; Welschmeyer, 1994; Fucose; Galactosamine; Galactose; Galacturonic acid; gamma-Aminobutyric acid; Glucosamine; Glucose; Glucuronic acid; Glutamic acid; Glycine; High-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (ICS 3000, Dionex); Engel and Händel (2011); High-temperature catalytic oxidation method (TOC-VCSH, Shimadzu) (Qian and Mopper, 1996); HPLC system (Agilent 1260); Lindroth and Mopper, 1979; Isoleucine; Kombinierte Effekte von Temperatur und Ressourcenverfügbarkeit auf den Abbau von organischem Material durch Antarktisches Bakterioplankton; LATITUDE; Lazarev Sea; Leucine; LONGITUDE; Mannose/Xylose; Microbiology; Nitrate; Nitrite; Phenylalanine; Phosphate; Polarstern; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS111; PS111_101-1; PS111_10-2; PS111_12-2; PS111_123-1; PS111_131-1; PS111_132-1; PS111_137-2; PS111_140-1; PS111_14-1; PS111_16-1; PS111_17-1; PS111_22-1; PS111_28-1; PS111_33-1; PS111_37-2; PS111_40-3; PS111_47-1; PS111_51-1; PS111_58-1; PS111_62-1; PS111_68-1; PS111_74-1; PS111_82-1; PS111_89-1; PS111_9-3; Rhamnose; Sample ID; Serine; Silicate, inorganic, dissolved; South Atlantic Ocean; SPP1158; Station label; Threonine; Tyrosine; Valine; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5156 data points
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  • 8
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and microbial polysaccharide degradation during experiments with phytoplankton Emiliania huxleyi (strain PML B92/11) and natural bacteria community, 2010 (2010)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Piontek, Judith; Lunau, Mirko; Händel, Nicole; Borchard, Corinna; Wurst, Mascha; Engel, Anja (2010): Acidification increases microbial polysaccharide degradation in the ocean. Biogeosciences, 7(5), 1615-1625, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1615-2010
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
    Description: With the accumulation of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2), a proceeding decline in seawater pH has been induced that is referred to as ocean acidification. The ocean's capacity for CO2 storage is strongly affected by biological processes, whose feedback potential is difficult to evaluate. The main source of CO2 in the ocean is the decomposition and subsequent respiration of organic molecules by heterotrophic bacteria. However, very little is known about potential effects of ocean acidification on bacterial degradation activity. This study reveals that the degradation of polysaccharides, a major component of marine organic matter, by bacterial extracellular enzymes was significantly accelerated during experimental simulation of ocean acidification. Results were obtained from pH perturbation experiments, where rates of extracellular alpha- and beta-glucosidase were measured and the loss of neutral and acidic sugars from phytoplankton-derived polysaccharides was determined. Our study suggests that a faster bacterial turnover of polysaccharides at lowered ocean pH has the potential to reduce carbon export and to enhance the respiratory CO2 production in the future ocean.
    Keywords: alpha-glucosidase activity per cell; Bacteria; Bacteria, abundance, standard deviation; beta-glucosidase activity per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Cell-specific glucosidase activity; Cell-specific glucosidase activity, standard deviation; Combined glucose loss; Combined glucose loss, standard deviation; Element analyser CNS, EURO EA; EPOCA; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; FACSCalibur flow-cytometer (Becton Dickinson); High Performance anion-exchange chromatography; Light:Dark cycle; Measured; Particulate organic carbon loss; Particulate organic carbon loss, standard deviation; pH; Polysacchrides loss; Polysacchrides loss, standard deviation; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Sample ID; see reference(s); Temperature, water; Time, incubation; WTW 340i pH-analyzer and WTW SenTix 81-electrode
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 452 data points
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  • 9
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    Bacterial biomass production measured in water samples of POLARSTERN cruise PS111 (ANT-XXXIII/2) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: Global warming poses new threats to marine ecosystems since rising seawater temperature potentially induces cascading effects in biogeochemical cycles and food webs. Heterotrophic bacteria are the main producers of CO2 in the ocean, thereby counteracting the biological drawdown of CO2 by primary production. In Antarctic marine systems, low seawater temperature, and the low availability of labile organic matter are major environmental constraints on bacterial growth and degradation activity. However, temperature and the availability of resources for heterotrophic bacteria undergo considerable change induced by climate warming combined with subsequent ice melt and changes in primary productivity. This project aims to test single and combined effects of temperature and organic matter availability on Antarctic marine bacterioplankton. This data set includes measurements on bacterial biomass production at 0°C and 3°C measured alongside the CTD casts during the Polarstern cruise PS111 to the Weddell Sea. Samples were collected in the upper 100 m of the water column at the Eastern Weddell Sea Shelf and at the Filchner-Ronne ice shelf.
    Keywords: ANT-XXXIII/2; Bacterial production; CombiBac; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; DEPTH, water; Ecology & Environment; Estimated; Event label; Incorporation of 14C-leucine (Simon and Azam, 1989, http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/51/m051p201.pdf; Simon et al. 2004, doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.4.1035); Incubation temperature; Kombinierte Effekte von Temperatur und Ressourcenverfügbarkeit auf den Abbau von organischem Material durch Antarktisches Bakterioplankton; Lazarev Sea; Microbiology; Polarstern; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS111; PS111_101-1; PS111_10-2; PS111_12-2; PS111_123-1; PS111_131-1; PS111_132-1; PS111_137-2; PS111_140-1; PS111_14-1; PS111_16-1; PS111_17-1; PS111_22-1; PS111_28-1; PS111_33-1; PS111_37-2; PS111_40-3; PS111_47-1; PS111_51-1; PS111_58-1; PS111_62-1; PS111_68-1; PS111_74-1; PS111_82-1; PS111_89-1; PS111_9-3; Sample ID; South Atlantic Ocean; SPP1158; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2548 data points
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  • 10
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    Impact of CO2 enrichment on organic matter dynamics during nutrient induced coastal phytoplankton blooms (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel | Supplement to: Engel, Anja; Piontek, Judith; Grossart, Hans-Peter; Riebesell, Ulf; Schulz, Kai Georg; Sperling, Martin (2014): Impact of CO2 enrichment on organic matter dynamics during nutrient induced coastal phytoplankton blooms. Journal of Plankton Research, 36(3), 641-657, https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbt125
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-01
    Description: A mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of rising fCO2 on the build-up and decline of organic matter during coastal phytoplankton blooms. Five mesocosms (~38 m³ each) were deployed in the Baltic Sea during spring (2009) and enriched with CO2 to yield a gradient of 355-862 µatm. Mesocosms were nutrient fertilized initially to induce phytoplankton bloom development. Changes in particulate and dissolved organic matter concentrations, including dissolved high-molecular weight (〉1 kDa) combined carbohydrates, dissolved free and combined amino acids as well as transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), were monitored over 21 days together with bacterial abundance, and hydrolytic extracellular enzyme activities. Overall, organic matter followed well-known bloom dynamics in all CO2 treatments alike. At high fCO2, higher dPOC:dPON during bloom rise, and higher TEP concentrations during bloom peak, suggested preferential accumulation of carbon-rich components. TEP concentration at bloom peak was significantly related to subsequent sedimentation of particulate organic matter. Bacterial abundance increased during the bloom and was highest at high fCO2. We conclude that increasing fCO2 supports production and exudation of carbon-rich components, enhancing particle aggregation and settling, but also providing substrate and attachment sites for bacteria. More labile organic carbon and higher bacterial abundance can increase rates of oxygen consumption and may intensify the already high risk of oxygen depletion in coastal seas in the future.
    Keywords: BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; SOPRAN; Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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