Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I Nitric Oxide: Properties and Functional Role -- 1 Reactive Nitrogen Species and Nitric Oxide -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nitric Oxide -- 1.2.1 Properties of Nitric Oxide -- 1.2.2 Various Roles of NO in Plant Physiology -- 1.3 Peroxynitrite -- 1.3.1 Properties of Peroxynitrite -- 1.3.2 Reactions of ONOO− with Proteins -- 1.3.3 Reactions of ONOO− with Amino Acids -- 1.3.4 Reactions of ONOO− with Lipids -- 1.3.5 Reactions of ONOO− with DNA -- 1.4 Nitrosothiols -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Functional Role of Nitric Oxide Under Abiotic Stress Conditions -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Nitric Oxide and Abiotic Stress -- 2.2.1 Heavy Metal Toxicity -- 2.2.2 Drought Stress -- 2.2.3 Salinity -- 2.2.4 Heat Stress -- 2.2.5 Cold Stress -- 2.2.6 Ozone -- 2.2.7 UV-B Radiation -- 2.2.8 Flooding -- 2.2.9 Wounding -- 2.3 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Nitric Oxide and Abiotic Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Oxidative Stress and Reactive Oxygen Species -- 3.1.2 Site of ROS Production -- 3.2 Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress -- 3.3 Salinity and Nitric Oxide -- 3.4 Drought and Nitric Oxide -- 3.5 Low Temperature and Nitric Oxide -- 3.6 High Temperature and Nitric Oxide -- 3.7 UV-B Radiation and Nitric Oxide -- 3.8 Heavy Metal Stress and Nitric Oxide -- 3.9 Conclusions and Future Projections -- References -- 4 Regulatory Role of Nitric Oxide in Alterations of Morphological Features of Plants Under Abiotic Stress -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Root and Stem Growth -- 4.3 Germination and Survival -- 4.4 Specialized Morphological Features -- 4.5 Morphological Response of Cotyledons Under Abiotic Stress -- 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- Part II Nitric Oxide and Plant Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses. , 5 Nitric Oxide and High Temperature Stress: A Physiological Perspective -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Effect of High Temperature Stress on Plants -- 5.2.1 Germination -- 5.2.2 Morphology -- 5.2.3 Flowering -- 5.2.4 Photosynthesis -- 5.3 Source of NO in Plants -- 5.4 Heat Stress and NO Synthesis in Plants -- 5.5 NO and Thermotolerance -- 5.6 NO Signaling: Heat Perception and Mechanism of Thermotolerance -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Nitric Oxide in Drought Stress Signalling and Tolerance in Plants -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Mechanisms of Adaptation to Drought -- 6.3 Regulation of Genes Under Drought -- 6.4 Nitric Oxide Generation in Plants -- 6.5 Nitric Oxide Signalling in Plants -- 6.6 Effect of Nitric Oxide in Plant Hormone-Mediated Signalling -- 6.7 Crosstalk Between Polyamines and NO -- 6.8 Oxidative Stress Alleviation by Nitric Oxide -- 6.9 NO Mediation of ABA-Induced Stomatal Closure -- 6.10 Promotion of Adventitious Root Growth -- 6.11 Conclusion and Future Prospects -- References -- 7 Nitric Oxide and Plant Hemoglobins Improve the Tolerance of Plants to Hypoxia -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Plant Hemoglobins: Categories and Function -- 7.3 Properties of Nonsymbiotic Hemoglobins -- 7.3.1 Expression of nsHb-1 -- 7.4 Effect of Hypoxic Stress on Metabolism -- 7.5 Nitric Oxide -- 7.5.1 Production of NO Under Hypoxic Stress -- 7.6 Interaction of Nitric Oxide with nsHb-1s -- 7.7 Concluding Remarks and Future Directions -- References -- 8 Nitric Oxide as a Mediator of Cold Stress Response: A Transcriptional Point of View -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 NO Bioavailability During Plant Response to Low Temperature: More than a Way to Skin a Cat? -- 8.3 NO and Plant Tolerance to Low Temperature -- 8.3.1 Identification of Cold-Responsive NO-Dependent Genes: From Specific to Holistic. , 8.4 How NO Regulates Cold-Responsive Gene Expression? The Missing Links -- 8.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 9 Nitric Oxide and UV-B Radiation -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 NO Reveals Protective Effects Under UV-B Influence in Dose-Dependent Manner -- 9.3 The Role of NO-dependent Regulatory Cascades in UV-B Perception by Plant Cell -- 9.4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 10 Nitric Oxide Impact on Plant Adaptation to Transition Metal Stress -- Abstract -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Transition Metals in Plants: An Exquisite Balance -- 10.3 Mechanism of Transition Metal Toxicity -- 10.4 Nitric Oxide in Transition Metal Stress -- 10.5 Transition Metal Stress Alters the Endogenous Level of Nitric Oxide -- 10.6 Exogenous Application of Nitric Oxide Alters the Transition Metal Tolerance Responses -- 10.7 Conclusions -- References -- 11 Nitric Oxide Action in the Improvement of Plant Tolerance to Nutritional Stress -- Abstract -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Modulation of K+Na+ Homeostasis by NO Under Salinity Stress -- 11.3 The Interplay of NO with Calcium Under Abiotic Stress Conditions -- 11.4 Role of NO in Plant Iron Homeostasis Under Nutritional Stress -- 11.5 The Interplay of NO with Mineral Nutrients Under Heavy Metal Stress -- 11.6 Conclusion -- References -- 12 Role of Nitric Oxide in Heavy Metal Stress -- Abstract -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 NO Generation Under HMs Stress -- 12.3 Effects of NO in the Protection Against HMs Stress -- 12.4 Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- 13 Role of Nitric Oxide in Salt Stress-induced Programmed Cell Death and Defense Mechanisms -- Abstract -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 NaCl Tolerance in Plants -- 13.3 NaCl Toxicity and Salt-induced Cell Death in Plants -- 13.4 NO Production in Plants Exposed to NaCl -- 13.5 NO in Signal Transduction -- 13.6 NO and Salt Tolerance. , 13.7 NO- and Salt-induced Programmed Cell Death -- 13.8 Conclusion and Perspectives -- References -- 14 Nitric Oxide and Postharvest Stress of Fruits, Vegetables and Ornamentals -- Abstract -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Relationship Between Endogenous Nitric Oxide and Ethylene -- 14.3 Postharvest Application of NO -- 14.3.1 Fumigation with NO Gas -- 14.3.2 Dipping in Aqueous Solution of NO-Donor Compounds -- 14.4 Effects of NO on Intact Produce -- 14.4.1 Effects of NO Gas -- 14.4.2 Effects of NO-Donor Compounds -- 14.5 Effects of NO on Fresh-Cut Produce -- 14.6 Effects of NO on Ornamentals -- 14.7 Mode of Action of NO on Postharvest Produce -- 14.8 Commercial Usage -- References -- 15 Insights into the Participation of Nitric Oxide and Extra Cellular ATP in Wounding -- Abstract -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Wounding-Mediated Downstream Events and NO -- 15.3 Extracellular ATP (eATP) and NO Are Co-players in Plant and Animal Systems -- 15.4 Participation of S-Nitrosylation in Wounding -- 15.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Index.